Chapter-Electric Current and it Effects
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
Q1. What is the resistance of a wire?
A1. The property of a material by virtue of which it opposes the flow of electric
current through it, is called its resistance.
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Q2. What is an electromagnet?
A2. A magnet produced by passing an electric current through a coil of insulated
wire wound around a soft iron rod is called an electromagnet.
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Q3. Give the electric symbols for:
(a) Resistance (b) electric cell (c) battery (d) electric bulb
(e) switch in ‘ON’ position (f) wire
A3. . Kindly refer to Table 14.1 on pg 185 for the symbols.
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Q4. Why do we cover plug pin holes that are within the reach of children with a
cellotape or a plastic cover when not in use?
A4. To prevent children from receiving an electric shock.
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Q5. Why can’t we use a copper wire for making an electric fuse?
A5. Because copper is having high melting point and wire will not melt easily
when a high electric current passes through it and may damage the electrical
appliances.
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS :
Q1. What is a solenoid? Draw a diagram with a solenoid connected in a
circuit. How do you increase the strength of a solenoid?
A1. A coil of wire which produces a magnetic field when electric current is
passed through it is called a solenoid.
The strength of the magnetic field produced by the solenoid can be increased:
• By placing soft iron inside the solenoid.
• By increasing the number of turns of the coil.
• By increasing the current flowing through the solenoid.
DRAW Fig. 14.15 on pg 193 Solenoid carrying current
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Q2. Differentiate between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet.
A2. Two differences between electromagnets and permanent magnets are-
• The magnetism of electromagnet can be 'switched on' or 'switched off’ as
desired. This is not possible with a permanent magnet.
• An electromagnet can be made very strong by increasing the number of
turns and the amount of current passing through the coil. On the other
hand, a permanent magnet cannot be made so strong.
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Q3. What is overloading? Why is a fuse wire necessary in a circuit? How
does it work?
A3. A3.The over-heating of electrical wiring in any circuit due to the flow of
largecurrent through it is called overloading of the electrical circuit.
Fuse wire is a safety wire which breaks the electric circuit when there is an
excessive flow of current in the circuit and prevents the damage to theelectrical
appliances and possible electric fires.
A fuse wire is made of low melting point and always connected in series with
the electrical circuit. When there is an excessive current (beyond a safe value)
flows in a household circuit, the thin fuse wire gets too much heated, melts
and breaks the circuit immediately. The current stops flowing in the circuit and
thus, damage to various electrical appliances is prevented.
Draw Fig 14.12 Working of fuse
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Q4. A coil suspended feely, points in any direction when no current is passed
through it. What happens when a current is passed through it?
A4. When current is passed through a coil suspended freely , it will start
behaving like a magnet and will point in north –south direction.
Q5. When current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept
nearby gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain why does
this happen? Give a suitable reason.
A5. The deflection of compass needle shows that the current -carrying
wire behaves like a magnet and produces a magnetic field around it and
attracts or repels compass needle due to which it gets deflected.
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Q6. The same ………………………Why does this happen?
A6. As conductor P causes more obstruction to the flow of current , it will
get heated up more because conductor P has high resistance as compared
to conductor Q.
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APPLICATION BASED QUESTION:
Why does the bulb……………………………………..make the bulb glow.
A. The bulb in the given circuit will not glow because both the wires are
connected to the negative terminal and the current flows from positive
tothe negative terminal.
The circuit with the required change is given below–
Draw following diagrams :
1. Closed Circuit……fig. 14.6 (a) pg. 187
2. Open Circuit….fig. 14.6 (b) pg. 187
3. An Electric Bell ….. fig. 14.18 pg. 194
