Class 7
Science
Chapter: Electric current
and its
effects
MLP
Session: 2024-25
Q1: Draw in your notebook the symbols to represent the following
components of electrical circuits: connecting wires, switch in the ‘OFF’
position, bulb, cell, switch in the ‘ON’ position, and battery.
Answer:
Q2: Draw the circuit diagram to represent the circuit shown in Fig. below.
Answer: The circuit diagram is showing switch in OFF position:
Q3: Fig.below shows four cells fixed on a board. Draw lines to indicate how you will connect their terminals
withwires to make a battery of four cells.
Answer: To obtain maximum voltage, cells are connected in series i.e. negative(-) end of one cell is connected to
positive (+)end of another cell and so on.
Q4: The bulb in the circuit shown in Fig. does not glow. Can you identify the problem? Make necessary
changes inthe circuit to make the bulb glow.
Answer: In the circuit, cells are not connected properly i.e. (+ve) terminal is connected to +ve terminal of another
cell. To make the connection closed, the negative terminal of first cell needs to be connected to positive terminal of
second cell, asshown below.
Q5: Name any two effects of electric current.
Answer: Heating Effect of current: When an electric current passes through a wire, the wire gets heated. This is known
as theheating effect of current. It is used in many applications like electric heater, electric iron, light bulb etc.
• Magnetic Effect of current: When an electric current flows through a wire, it produces magnetic field around it. This
effect iscalled magnetic effect of current. If the current carrying wire is wrapped around a piece of iron, the iron piece
acts as an electromagnet. Magnetic Effect of electric current has many applications like power lift, electric bell,
electric fan etc.
Q6: Will the compass needle show deflection when the switch in the circuit shown by Fig. (below) is closed?
Answer: No, the compass needle will not show deflection even though the switch is closed, because there is no
source ofelectric current. An electric cell or battery needs to be connected here. In the absence of electric current,
there is no magnetic field produced by the wires. Hence there is no deflection.
Q7: Fill in the blanks:
Answer:
(a) Longer line in the symbol for a cell represents its positive terminal.
(b) The combination of two or more cells is called a battery.
(c) When current is switched ‘on’ in a room heater, it becomes hot due to heating effect of electric current.
(d) The safety device based on the heating effect of electric current is called
a fuse.Q8: Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
Answer:(a) To make a battery of two cells, the negative terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of the
othercell. (F)✗
(b) When the electric current through the fuse exceeds a certain limit, the fuse wire melts and breaks.(T)✓
(c) An electromagnet does not attract a piece of iron. (F)✗
(d) An electric bell has an electromagnet. (T)✓
Q9: In the circuit shown below
(i) Would any of the bulb glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position?
(ii) What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the switch is moved to the ‘ON’
position?
Answer:
(i) None of the bulb will glow when the switch is in the OFF position, since the electric circuit is not closed.
(ii) When the switch is moved to 'ON' position, circuit is complete and electric current will flow immediately. All of
the bulbswill glow instantly.
Q10: What are MCBs?
Answer: MCBs or Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) are electric safety devices being used in place of fuses. These
are kindof switches which turns off (breaks electric circuit) automatically when excessive current flows due to short
circuit.
Q11: Name the scientist who discovered magnetic effect of the current.
Answer: Hans Christian Oersted was the first person who noticed the deflection of compass needle every time, when
thecurrent was passed through the wire.
Q12 Name the material used as heating element in an electric iron.
Answer: Nichrome.
Q13: Name the element used as filament in electric bulb.
Answer: Tungsten.
Q14: What is a circuit diagram?
Answer: The representation of electric circuit by using electric symbols instead of electric components images is called
circuitdiagram.
Q15: What are the factors of conducting wire on which amount of heat produced depends?
Answer: Length, thickness and nature of material.
Q16 The device used to make or break an electric circuit is :
(a) Resistor
(b) Battery
(c) Switch
(d) Ammet
er Answer:
(c) Switch
Q17: Why CFL is considered better than filament based electric bulb?
Answer: In comparison to electric bulb, CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) produces very less amount of heat
energy and thus reduces the energy wastage. That's why CFL are more environment friendly and are considered
better alternative to electric bulbs.
HLP
Q1: When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept nearby gets deflected from
its north-south position. Explain.
Answer: The current carrying wire produces magnetic effect around it. It causes deflection of magnetic needle. When
the current is switched off, there is no magnetic field produced by the wire, magnetic needle does not deflect from its
north-southposition.
Q2: Do you think an electromagnet can be used for separating plastic bags from a garbage heap? Explain
Answer: An electromagnet acts like an ordinary magnet, and it can attract iron pieces only. Plastic does not have
anymagnetic property. Electromagnet cannot be used to separate plastic bags from garbage heap.
Q3: Zubeda made an electric circuit using a cell holder shown in Fig., a switch and a bulb. When she put the
switchin the ‘ON’ position, the bulb did not glow. Help Zubeda in identifying the possible defects in the
circuit.
Answer: Following can be the possible reasons:
1. The bulb may be fused due to broken filament.
2. Cells are not connected properly i.e. +ve terminal of first cell should connect to -ve terminal of the second one.
3. There may be loose connections. e.g. wire is not connected properly to switch or to the bulb.
4. The switch is not functioning well.
5. The cells are dried up. The power of the cell i.e. chemical inside the cell which produces electric current
has beenexhausted.
Q4.What is vampire power?
Answer: Many times the appliances like TV, air-conditioners or computers are switched off using remote sets instead
of mechanical switches. Instruments like mobiles can be kept with plug connected even after complete charging. In
these cases, appliances use the power and there is a waste of electric energy. That is known as vampire power or
standby power.
Q5.: What is the SI unit of electric current?
Answer: Ampere (A)
Q6: Name the instrument used to measure electric current.
Answer: Ammeter.
Q7: How does electric cell produce current?
Answer: An electric cell stores some chemicals, and their chemical energy gets converted to electrical energy.
Q8: The unit to measure electric resistance is:
(a) Joule (b) Ohm (c) Ampere
(d) VoltAnswer: (b) Ohm
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