Electric Current and its Effects
NCERT TEXTBOOK EXCERSISE
Q.1.Draw in your notebook the symbols to represent the following components of
electrical circuits: connecting wires, switch in the ‘OFF’ position, bulb, cell, switch in
the ‘ON’ position and battery.
Ans.
Q.2.Draw the circuit diagram to represent the circuit shown in fig. 14.9.
Ans.
Q.3.Fig. 14.11 shows four cells fixed on a board. Draw lines to indicate how you will
connect their terminals with wires to make a battery of four cells.
Ans.
Q.4.The bulb in the circuit shown in fig. 14.13 does not glow. Can you identify the
problem? Make necessary changes in the circuit to make the bulb glow.
Ans.Problem in this circuit is the combination of two cells. In the circuit positive
terminal of one cell should be connected with negative terminal of other to make the
bulb glow
Q.5. Name any two effects of electric current.
Ans. Electric current has the following effect :
(i) Electric current can give rise to heating and lighting.
(ii) Electric current can convert a straight conductor into a temporary magnet.
Q.6.When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept nearby
gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain.
Ans. When current is passed through the wire, it deflects the compass near it from
its north-south position like a magnet. This is called magnetic effect of the current.
As we know that needle of the compass is made up of a thin magnet. When this
needle comes in contact with another magnet then the like poles of the magnet repel
each other and opposite poles attract each other. So the deflection is seen in the
needle. In this case the wire behaves like a magnet and causes deflection in needle
of the compass.
Q.7.Will the compass needle show deflection when the switch in the circuit shown
by fig. 14.15 is closed?
Ans. No, because there is no source of electric current in this circuit, i.e., there is no
battery.
Q.8.Fill in the blanks:
(a) Longer line in the symbol for a cell represents its ___________terminal
(b) The combination of two or more cells is called a ____________.
(c) When current is switched ‘on’ in a room heater, it ___________.
(d) The safety device based on the heating effect of electric current is called a
_____________.
Ans.(a) positive (b) battery (c) becomes red hot and emits heat (d) fuse.
Q.9.Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ it is a false:
(a) To make a battery of two cells, the negative terminal of one cell is connected to
the negative terminal of the other cell. [T/F]
(b) When the electric current through the fuse exceeds a certain limit , the fuse wire
melts and breaks. [T/F]
(c) An electromagnet does not aatract a piece of iron. [T/F]
(d) An electric bell has an electromagnet. [T/F]
Ans. (a) F (b) T (c) F (d) T
Q.10. Do you think an electromagnet can be used for separating plastic bags from a
garbage heap? Explain.
Ans. No, the plastic bags do not get attracted by the magnet, so they cannot be
separated by an electromagnet. Plastic bags are not magnetic materials, only
magnetic materials like iron can be attracted by the magnet.
Q.ll. An electrician is carrying out some repairs in your house. He wants to replace a
fuse by a piece of wire. Would you agree? Give reasons for your response.
Ans. No, we would not agree to allow to replace the fuse by a wire. Wires in the fuses
are of specific melting points. So wd should always use ISI marked fuses in our
houses to prevent short circuits.
Q.12.Zubeda made an electric circuit using a cell holder shown in fig. 14.16, a
switch and a bulb. When she put the switch in the ‘ON’ position, the bulb did not
glow. Help Zubeda in identifying the possible defects in the circuit
Ans. It is important to put the cells in right series. The positive terminal of the first
cell should be connected with negative terminal of the second cell. The switch
should be closed properly and bulb should not be fused. If Zubeda will check these
then the bulb will certainly glow.
Q.13. In the circuit shown in fig. 14.17.
Would any of the bulb glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position?
What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the switch is
moved to the ‘ON’ position?
Ans. No bulb will glow.
All bulbs will glow simultaneously.
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7
Extra Questions Science Chapter 14
June 7, 2019 by Sastry CBSE
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7 Extra
Questions Science Chapter 14
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7 Science Extra
Questions Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Mention the name of the two devices that work on the basis of magnetic effects of
current.
Answer:
The devices that work on the basis of magnetic effects of current are loudspeaker
and electric bell.
Question 2.
Name the device used these days in place of eiectric fuses in electrical circuits.
Answer:
The device used in these days in place of electric fuse is MCB (Miniature Circuit
Breaker).
Question 3.
State the property of a conducting wire is utilised in making electric fuse. INCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Electric fuse wire is made up of special material which has low melting point. As if
high amount of current is passed, it melts to disconnect the electric circuit and
prevent us from causing any damage.
Question 4.
Explain why are CFLs (Compact Fluorescent Lamps) preferred over electric bulbs.
[NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Compact fluorescent lamps are preferred over electric bulbs because electric bulbs
use more power of electricity and it also losses electrical energy in the form of heat
but it is not so in compact fluorescent lamps.
Question 5.
Name the type of mark for which we should look at an electrical appliance before
buying, [HOTS]
Answer:
ISI mark is a mark for which we should look at an electrical appliance before buying.
Question 6.
Briefly mention which part of the symbol of battery shows positive and negative
terminals?
Answer:
The positive terminal is represented by longer vertical line while negative terminal is
represented by shorter vertical line.
Question 7.
Briefly state the effects of electricity.
Answer:
The three effects of electricity are
Chemical effect
Heating effect
Magnetic effect
Question 8.
When does a circuit is said to be overloaded?
Answer:
It is overloaded by connecting too many devices to it. When too many devices get
connected, then a circuit is said to be overloaded.
Question 9.
Why is an electric fuse required in all electrical appliance? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Electric fuse is required in all electrical appliances to prevent damage from
excessive current flow and during short circuit.
Question 10.
Give the name any two electrical appliances in which electromagnets are used.
Answer:
Electric fan and electrical motor are the electrical appliances in which
electromagnets are used.
Question 11.
Paheli does not have a night lamp in her room. She covered the bulb of her room
with a towel in the night to get dim light. Has she taken the right step? Give one
reason to justify your answer. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
No, she has not taken the right step. Because due to excessive heat of bulb, the
towel may burn and it also results in the wastage of electrical energy.
Question 12.
The nails attract the pins. Comment.
Answer:
When the current is passed through the wire wound on the nail, it behave as
electromagnet. Due to this reason, the nails attract the pins.
Question 13.
Name the scientist who discovered the magnetic effect of electric current.
Answer:
The scientist who discovered the magnetic effect of electric current is Hans
Christian Oersted.
Question 14.
If the filament of the bulb is broken, would the circuit be complete? Would the bulb
still glow?
Answer:
If the filament of the bulb is broken, the circuit will not be complete.
So, the bulb will not glow.
Question 15.
Name some electric appliances where the heating effect of the electric current is
used.
Answer:
Some of the electric appliances where the heating effect of the electric current is
used are electric heater, geyser, micro-oven, room heater, boiler, etc.
Question 16.
If the current through the coil stops flowing. Will the coil remain an electromagnet?
Answer:
When the current through the coil stops flowing, the coil does not remain an
electromagnet.
Question 17.
State whether the bulb glows when the circuit is opened.
Answer:
No, the bulb does not glow when the circuit is opened. The bulb glows only when the
circuit is closed.
Question 18.
What happens to the current in a circuit at the time of short circuit?
Answer:
The value of the current in a circuit increases heavily at the time of short circuit.
Question 19.
We should not touch the lighted bulb. Explain, why.
Answer:
The lighted bulb connected to main supply should not be touched by our hand
directly, as a lighted bulb can be very hot and can burn our hand as well.
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7 Science Extra
Questions Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Name two electric devices for each where
(a) heating effect of current is used and
(b) magnetic effect of current is used. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Heating effect of current is used in electric heater and geyser.
(b) Magnetic effect of current is used in electric bell and cranes to lift heavy
magnetic materials from one place to other.
Question 2.
Why do we cover plug pinholes which are within the reach of children with cellotape
or a plastic cover when not in use? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
We do cover plug pinholes which are within the reach of children with cellotape or
plastic cover to avoid electric shocks. If unconsciously, a child puts his finger in the
electric socket, the shock may be fatal.
Question 3.
Can we use the same fuse in a geyser and a television set? Explain. [NCERT
Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
No, we cannot use same fuse in a geyser and in a television set because the fuse
used in every appliances has some limit to withstand the current flows through it. So,
different appliances have different fuses.
Question 4.
If cells are placed side by side. Then, how are the terminals of the cells connected?
Answer:
If cells are placed side by side, then with the help of some connecting wires, the
positive terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of other to
produce a combined power of all cells which can be called a battery.
Question 5.
Explain how a battery can be constructed.
Answer:
As we know that a battery is a combination of two or more cells and it can be
constructed by placing cells property on cell holder in such a way that the positive
terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of other.
A piece of wire is connected to each of the two metal clips on the cells holder.
Question 6.
Distinguish between an open circuit and a closed circuit.
Answer:
Difference between an open circuit and a closed circuit
Open (Electric) circuit Closed (Electric) circuit
An open electric circuit is or electric path which begins A closed circuit is an electric path which begins from th
from the positive terminal of a battery or cell, gets broken positive terminal of a cell or battery and terminates at
at some point. negative terminal without any break.
Question 7.
Boojho made an electromagnet by winding 50 turns of wire over an iron screw.
Paheli also made an electromagnet by winding 100 turns over a similar iron screw.
Which electromagnet will attract more pins? Give reason. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Since the magnetic effect directly depends on the number of turns of the coil. As,
Paheli’s coil has more number of turns than Boojho. So, her electromagnet is
stronger than Boojho.
So, electromagnet of Paheli attracts more pins as compared to Boojho.
Question 8.
Does the electric current have other effect except heating? Name it.
Answer:
Yes, electric current have other effect except heating, i.e. magnetic effect of current.
When electric current is passed through a coil, there is a magnetic field developed
around the coil or wire, if magnetic compass is placed near by, it deflects the
magnetic needle.
Question 9.
Explain the following.
(a) Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electricity transmission.
Explain the reason.
(b) Explain how does the resistance of a wire vary with its length.
(c) The tungsten is used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamp. Comment.
Answer:
(a) Due to the low resistance and strength of aluminium and coppers, both these
metals are usually employed for the transmission of electricity.
(b) There is always an increase in the length of the wire with the increase in its
resistance.
(c) Since tungsten has high melting point and high resistance. So, that is why, the
tungsten is used exclusively for filament of electric lamp.
Question 10.
If we connect more cells in the circuit, then what will happen?
Answer:
If we connect more of cells in the circuit, then the nail will attract more pins. It is due
to the reason that the current flowing through the wire wound on the nail will get
increase which in turn will increase the strength of the electromagnet.
Question 11.
Electromagnets are better than permanent magnets. Explain why.
Answer:
An electromagnet can be switched OFF or switched ON as desired and this is not
possible in the permanent magnets. That is why the electromagnets are better than
the permanent magnets.
Question 12.
If the current flows through wire, does the wire behave like a magnet?
Answer:
When the current flows through any wire, a magnetic field is developed around that
wire or coil and it behaves like magnet. It can be analysed by placing a magnetic
compass around the wire, it will show deflection of the needle.
Question 13.
If current is passed through a coil, does the pins cling to the coil?
Answer:
When an electric current is passed through a coil, it gets magnetised due to
phenomena of magnetic effect of current. When magnetic materials such as pins are
placed near to it. It gets attracted by the coil or we can say that pins cling to the coil.
Question 14.
Batteries used in tractors, trucks and inverters are also made from cells. Then why it
is called a battery? [HOTS]
Answer:
The cell is the unit of battery when more than one cell are combined together, it
forms a battery. In trucks, tractors and inverters, cells are internally arranged and we
need not to connect it externally, so we called it as batteries.
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7 Science Extra
Questions Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
One day, Pinki was ironing the clothes in her room. After half an iron of ironing, the
light went off and Pinki went outside to the lobby of her house to check it there was
any problem in the household circuit. At the same time, she listened the voice of her
4 years old daughter from the same room where she was ironing the clothes. Her
daughter was about to touch the hot electric iron but at the same moment, Pinki
entered in the room and pushed her daughter back from that place.
(a) On which effect of electric current, does the electric iron works?
(b) Mention the values showed by Pinki here. [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) The electric iron works on the basis of heating effect of electric current.
(b) The values showed by Pinki here is a great concern and love towards her own 4
years old daughter.
Question 2.
Explain with the help of a diagram, how does the magnetic effect of electric current
help in the working of an electric bell.
Answer:
In order to ring the bell first of all we press the push button switch in order to ring the
bell. So, when we press the switch, then the electric circuit of the bell is completed
and a current passes through the coil of the electromagnet and it gets magnetised.
The electromagnet attracts the iron armature towards itself.
So, as the armature moves towards the poles of the electromagnet, the clapper
attached to it strikes the gong and produces a ringing sound. It implies that the bell
rings.
When the armature moves towards the magnet, its contact with the contact screw is
broken. Due to this, the electric circuit breaks and no current flows in the
electromagnet coil. The electromagnet loses its magnetism for a moment and the
armature is no longer attracted by it. The flat spring brings back the iron armature to
its original position and the clapper also moves away from the gong.
As soon as the armature comes back and touches the contact screw the circuit is
completed and current starts flowing in the electromagnet coil again. The
electromagnet attracts the iron armature once again and the clapper strikes the
gong again producing a ringing sound.
So, this process of ‘make and break’ of the electric circuit continues as long as we
are pressing the switch. Due to this, the armature vibrates forwards and backwards
rapidly each time making the clapper strike the gong. Thus, the clapper strikes the
gong rapidly producing almost continuous sound.
Question 3.
State one measure to avoid overloading in an electrical circuit. Also mention the
name given to a situation in which the live and the neutral wires accidently come in
contact. Describe the role of a safety device in this situation.
Answer:
Overloading can be avoided if too many appliances are not connected to a single
socket. Short circuiting is a name given to a situation in which the live and the
neutral wires accidently come in contact.
Electric fuse is a safety device. When a short circuit takes place or when overloading
takes place, then the current becomes large and heats the fuse wire too much and
thus, it gets melted and circuit breaks which prevents the damage of the wiring and
electrical appliances.
Question 4.
Paheli took a wire of length 10 cm. Boojho took a wire of 5 cm of the same material
and thickness both of them connected with wires as shown in the circuit given in
figure. The current flowing in both the circuits is the same.
(a) Will the heat produced in both the cases be equal? Explain.
(b) Will the heat produced be the same, if the wires taken by them are of equal
lengths but of different thickness? Explain.
Answer:
(a) No, the amount of heat produced in both the wires will be different because
amount of heat produced in a wire on passing electric current depends on the length
of wire and here length is different for both the wires.
(b) No, the amount of heat produced in the wire of same length but different
thickness cannot be same because amount of heat produced in a wire also depends
on the thickness of the wire.
Question 5.
Last Sunday, Pulpit was playing videotape in his room. While playing, the electricity
of his house went off due to which he could not able to see anything around him.
Then anyhow, he managed to get his mobile in his hand and with the help of its light,
he went outside of his room to check if there was any problem in the electric circuit
board of his house.
At the same time, his father suggested him to maintain the distance from the circuit
board and decided to call some electrician to check the problem.
(a) Explain, what happens when live wire and neutral wire touches each other
directly?
(b) State the values here showed by Pulkit’s father. [Value Bated Question]
Answer:
(a) When live and neutral wire touches each other directly then it leads to short
circuit in which the large amount of current flows through the household wiring and
this large current may heat the wires to a dangerously high temperature and a fire
may be started.
(b) Pulkit’s father seems very sensible in taking the decisions and he showed a very
great concern towards his son.
Electric Current and Its Effects Class 7 Science Extra
Questions Miscellaneous Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
Choose the statement which is not correct in the case of an electric fuse. [NCERT
Exemplar]
(a) Fuses are inserted in electric circuits of all buildings
(b) There is a maximum limit on the current which can safely flow through the
electric circuits
(c) There is a minimum limit on the current which can safely flow in the electric
circuits
(d) If a proper fuse is inserted in a circuit it will below off if current exceeds the safe
limit
Answer:
(c) There is a minimum limit on the current which can safely flow in the electric
circuits
Question 2.
Circuit breaker device which can be used in place of fuse in domestic electric wiring
is called
(a) DCB
(b) MCD
(c) MCB
(d) BCM
Answer:
(c) MCB
Question 3.
If the number of turns in the coil of an electromagnet is more, the strength of the
electromagnet will be
(a) lesser
(b) greater
(c) double
(d) same
Answer:
(b) greater
Question 4.
When an electric current flows through a copper wire AB s shown in figure, the wire
[NCERT Exemplar]
(a) deflects a magnetic needle placed near it
(b) becomes red hot
(c) gives electric shock
(d) behaves like a fuse
Answer:
(a) deflects a magnetic needle placed near it
Question 5.
Which of the following precautions need not be taken while using electric gadgets/
appliances/circuit? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) We should never touch a lighted electric bulb connected to the mains
(b) We should never do experiment with the electric supply from the mains or a
generator or an inverter
(c) We should never use just any wire or strip of metal in place of a fuse
(d) We should never turn the switch in ON position
Answer:
(d) We should never turn the switch in ON position
Question 6.
When a switch is in OFF position, [NCERT Exemplar]
(i) circuit starting from the positive terminal of the cell stops at the switch
(ii) circuit is open
(iii) no current flows through it
(iv) current flows after sometime
Choose the combination of correct answer from the following.
(a) All are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) Only (iv) is correct
(d) (i) and (ii) are correct
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
Question 7.
Which of the following characteristic is most suitable material for making the care of
an electromagnet?
(a) Brass
(b) Aluminium
(c) Iron
(d) Steel
Answer:
(c) Iron
Question 8.
A battery is a combination of
(a) only single cell
(b) only two cells
(c) two or more cells
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) two or more cells
Question 9.
The coil of wire contained in heater is known as
(a) circuit
(b) component
(c) spring
(d) element
Answer:
(d) element
Fill in the Blanks
1. Our body is a ……………… of electricity.
2. An electric cell produces electricity from the ……………… in it. [NCERT Exemplar]
3. In an electric circuit, a fuse is a ………………, ……………… to prevent possible fire.
4. A combination of two or more cells is called a ……………… . [NCERT Exemplar]
5. The core of an electromagnet is made from ……………… .
Answers:
1. good conductor
2. chemicals stored
3. safety device
4. battery
5. iron
True/False
1. CFLs consume more electricity than an ordinary bulb.
2. A fuse is used to save energy in the electric circuits.
3. When an electric current flows through a wire, it behaves like a magnet.
4. The key or switch can be placed anywhere in the circuit.
5. A car battery is just one big cell.
6. MCB works on the magnetic effect of current.
7. The element of an electric iron is made of tungsten.
8. Electric fuse is based on the magnetic effect of electric current.
Answers:
1. False, since CFLs consume less electricity than electric bulb.
2. False, an electric fuse is used to prevent an electrical circuit from overloading and
hence short circuit.
3. True
4. True
5. False, a car battery is a combination of cells.
6. True
7. False, as the element of an electric bulb is made of tungsten.
8. False, because electric fuse is based on the heating effects of electric current.
Match the Columns
Question 1.
Match the statements in Column I with those in Column II.
Column I Column II
(a) A magnetic device used for finding geographic directions (i) Magnetic needle
(b) A device which is essential in an electric bell (ii) Electromagnet
(c) A fuse used in expensive and sensitive electric devices (iii) Cartridge fuse
(d) An alloy used as a material of fuse wir (iv) Fusible alloy
(e) A material used for making filament of a bulb (v) Tungsten
(f) A material which does not allow the electric current to pass (vi) Wax
(g)A material used for making electromagnets (vii) Soft iron
Answers
1.
(a)-(ii)
(b)-(i)
(c)-(iv)
(d)-(iii)
(e)-(v)
(f)-(vi)
(g)-(vii)
