ELECTRIC CURRENT
AND
IT ’S EFFECTS
Chapter 15
FUSE
● A Fuse is a a safety device which prevents electric fire and damage
to electrical appliances caused by the excessive flow of current.
● It works on the heating effects of the current.
● It consists of a thin ,short wire (made of alloy of tin and lead)
● The alloy wire used in the fuse has very low melting point.
● Nowadays , Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) is widely used instead
of a fuse.
WHY IS MCB PREFERED OVER FUSE?
This is because a fuse has to be replaced everytime there is an
overflow of current whereas a MCB can be reused many times.
Magnetic effect of current :
When electric current asses through a wire, the current carrying wire starts to
behave like a [Link] is known as the magnetic effect of current .A magnetic
field is developed over the wire due to the flowing current.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
● A magnet made by using electric current is called an electromagnet.
● It is based on the magnetic effect of current .
● It is a temporary magnet which works only until there is a flow of
current in it.
● CONSTRUCTION:
1) Take an iron rod and coil copper wire around it.
2) Connect the ends of the wire to a cell or a battery
WORKING:
When the current passes through the coil ,it produces a magnetic field
around it.
This magnetic effect magnetises the iron rod , turning it into
a temporary magnet.
WAYS TO INCREASE THE POWER OF AN
ELECTROMAGNET :
1. Increasing the no. of turns of the copper wire.
2. By using high power cell.
3. By inserting soft iron as core.
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROMAGNET :
4. We can increase or decrease its power depending on our need.
5. It is more powerful than a permanent magnet.
USES :
1. It is used in electric bells .
2. It is also used in toys.
3. It can be used to lift heavy loads like cars ,big scraps of metals ,etc.
ELECTRIC BELL
CONSTRUCTION:
1. It has a U- shaped electromagnet ,an armature is held in -front of an
electromagnet .
2. The lower end of the armature is connected to a metal bracket while
the upper end is attached to the clapper.
3. When the switch is off the clapper is at a distance away from the
gong.
4. There is a contact screw which touches the armature known as the
interrupter.
5. The gong is fixed near the clapper.
6. The north pole of the electromagnet is connected to one terminal of
the battery while the south pole is connected to the bracket.
7. The other end of the battery is connected to the contact screw.
WORKING :
1. When the switch is turned on the circuit gets completed and current
starts flowing into the coils of the electromagnet and gets magnetised.
2. The electromagnet attracts the armature towards itself , thus the
clapper hits the gong and produces sound.
3. When the armature is towards the magnet ,its contact with contact
screw breaks which make the circuit incomplete ,making the
electromagnet demagnetised .
4. This brings the spring back the armature at its previous position.
5. As soon as this happens ,the armature again touches the contact
screw,the circuit completes again the same process continues .
THANK
YOU .
