Doxing
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Doxing is the process of finding personal information about a person, group, organization, or corporation for the purpose of publishing it online. The result of doxing is called a dox.[1] Doxing is usually done with the intent to harm someone, often as revenge. It is frequently an attempt to humiliate, expose, and/or punish an individual. Doxing is illegal in many countries.[1][2]
History
[change | change source]Doxing dates back to the 1980s and 1990s. Black-hat hackers and penetration testers of the time used it to silence and/or intimate their hacker rivals in the Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) and Internet communities.[2]
Effects
[change | change source]Doxing is a form of vigilantism. There have been many instances where people who were doxed experienced years of harassment, were victims of swatting, had to change their phone numbers, and/or had to move out of their homes. At present, specifically in the United States, doxing is used as a method of political attack. Being doxed makes a person more vulnerable to identity theft.[2]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1
- S-W, C. (10 March 2014). "What doxxing is, and why it matters". The Economist. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
- Schneier, Bruce (29 July 2016). "The Security of Our Election Systems". Schneier on Security. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
- Zurcher, Anthony (7 March 2014). "Duke freshman reveals porn identity". BBC News. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
- Levin, Sam (16 August 2018). "Anti-fascists say police post mugshots on Twitter to 'intimidate and silence'". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2
- Douglas, David M. (June 28, 2016). "Doxing: a conceptual analysis". Ethics and Information Technology. Vol. 18. pp. 199–210. Retrieved February 27, 2025.
- Lee, Carmen (December 7, 2020). "Doxxing as discursive action in a social movement". Critical Discourse Studies. 19 (3): 326‒344. doi:10.1080/17405904.2020.1852093. Retrieved February 27, 2025.
- Anderson, Briony; Wood, Mark A (March 1, 2022). "Harm imbrication and virtualised violence: Reconceptualising the harms of doxxing". International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy. 11 (1). Queensland University of Technology. Crime and Justice Research Centre: 196‒209. ISSN 2202-8005. Retrieved February 27, 2025.
