New York's 3rd Congressional District special election, 2024
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Tom Suozzi (D) defeated Mazi Pilip (R) in a special election in New York's 3rd Congressional District on February 13, 2024. The election was called following the expulsion of George Santos (R).
Suozzi represented an earlier version of the district from 2017 to 2023 and was a candidate for governor in the 2022 Democratic primary, while Pilip had served in the Nassau County Legislature since 2021. Because this was a special election, leaders in the Queens and Nassau county parties selected both candidates rather than holding primaries.[1][2][3]
Local political analysts said that support for Israel was likely to be an issue in the race, with both Suozzi and Pilip saying they were strong supporters of the country. Hofstra University professor Lawrence Levy said the issue could affect turnout for Suozzi: "There’s not an inch of daylight between Suozzi and Pilip on support for Israel...but the Democratic Party is seeing younger voters at odds with Israel."[4] In an interview with Politico, Suozzi said Democrats who opposed U.S. aid to Israel were not informed on the issue: "They don’t understand what a serious threat this is to not only Israel and Jews throughout the world, but to America and our allies. They’re just not educated about the issues."[5]
The outcome of the election helped to determine the balance of members in the U.S. House of Representatives. At the time of the election, Republicans had 219 seats to Democrats' 212, a seven-seat margin for Republicans. Suozzi's win expanded the Democratic minority, bringing the partisan balance to a six-seat margin of 219-213. A win for Pilip would have expanded the Republican majority to an eight-seat margin of 220-212.
Suozzi served the remainder of Santos' term, which ended on January 3, 2025. Candidates for the special election were still eligible to run in the regular 2024 election.
In the 2022 election, Santos defeated Robert Zimmerman (D) 53.7%-46.2%. This was the first election after the 2020 round of redistricting, which analysts assessed shifted the district towards Republicans.
The U.S. House voted to expel Santos on December 1, 2023.[6]
As of May 3, 2025, 13 special elections have been called for the 118th Congress. From the 113th Congress to the 117th Congress, 67 special elections were held. For more data on historical congressional special elections, click here.
Candidates and election results
General election
Special general election for U.S. House New York District 3
Tom Suozzi defeated Mazi Pilip in the special general election for U.S. House New York District 3 on February 13, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Tom Suozzi (D) | 53.9 | 93,183 |
 | Mazi Pilip (R / Conservative Party) | 45.9 | 79,290 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.2 | 337 | ||
| Total votes: 172,810 | |||
 = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
- U.S. House, New York District 3 (2017-2023)
- Nassau County Executive (2002-2009)
- Mayor of Glen Cove, New York (1994-2001)
Biography: Suozzi graduated from Boston College in 1984 and obtained a law degree from Fordham University in 1989. After clerking for one year with the chief judge of the Eastern District of New York, Suozzi practiced law and worked as a certified public accountant before entering elected politics.
Show sources
Sources: Tom Suozzi campaign website, "Home page," accessed December 18, 2023, YouTube, "Tom Suozzi for Congress - Suozzi for Congress 2024 -- Common Ground," December 14, 2023, Politico, "Support for Israel at heart of crucial New York special election," December 15, 2023; Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "SUOZZI, Thomas," accessed December 18, 2023
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 3 in 2024.
Party: Republican Party, Conservative Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
- Nassau County, New York, Legislature District 10 (Assumed office: 2021)
Biography: Pilip was born in Ethiopia and was evacuated to Israel along with her family at the age of 12 in 1991. After serving in the Israel Defense Forces, Pilip obtained her bachelor's degree in occupational therapy from the University of Haifa and her master's degree in diplomacy and security from Tel Aviv University. She immigrated to the United States in 2005.
Show sources
Sources: Politico, "Support for Israel at heart of crucial New York special election," December 15, 2023, Newsmax, "Mazi Melesa Pilip to Newsmax: US Must Support 'True Ally' Israel," December 15, 2023; Forward, "This one-time refugee and former Israeli paratrooper just won a seat in her county legislature," November 29, 2021
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 3 in 2024.
Voting information
- See also: Voting in New York
What was the voter registration deadline?
- February 3, 2024.[7]
What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?
- In-person: February 12, 2024.
- By mail: Received by February 3, 2024.
- Online: February 3, 2024.[7]
What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?
- In-person: February 13, 2024.
- By mail: Received by February 20, 2024.[7]
Was early voting available to all voters? Yes.
What were the early voting start and end dates? February 3, 2024—February 11, 2024.[7]
Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required? Voters were not required to show identification at the polls unless they were voting for the first time and did not show identification when registering to vote. In that case, acceptable forms of identification included both photo and non-photo IDs.
When were polls open on Election Day? Polls opened at 6:00 a.m. and closed at 9:00 p.m.
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
- U.S. House, New York District 3 (2017-2023)
- Nassau County Executive (2002-2009)
- Mayor of Glen Cove, New York (1994-2001)
Biography: Suozzi graduated from Boston College in 1984 and obtained a law degree from Fordham University in 1989. After clerking for one year with the chief judge of the Eastern District of New York, Suozzi practiced law and worked as a certified public accountant before entering elected politics.
Show sources
Sources: Tom Suozzi campaign website, "Home page," accessed December 18, 2023, YouTube, "Tom Suozzi for Congress - Suozzi for Congress 2024 -- Common Ground," December 14, 2023, Politico, "Support for Israel at heart of crucial New York special election," December 15, 2023; Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "SUOZZI, Thomas," accessed December 18, 2023
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 3 in 2024.
Party: Republican Party, Conservative Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
- Nassau County, New York, Legislature District 10 (Assumed office: 2021)
Biography: Pilip was born in Ethiopia and was evacuated to Israel along with her family at the age of 12 in 1991. After serving in the Israel Defense Forces, Pilip obtained her bachelor's degree in occupational therapy from the University of Haifa and her master's degree in diplomacy and security from Tel Aviv University. She immigrated to the United States in 2005.
Show sources
Sources: Politico, "Support for Israel at heart of crucial New York special election," December 15, 2023, Newsmax, "Mazi Melesa Pilip to Newsmax: US Must Support 'True Ally' Israel," December 15, 2023; Forward, "This one-time refugee and former Israeli paratrooper just won a seat in her county legislature," November 29, 2021
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 3 in 2024.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
No candidate in this race completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey.
Campaign advertisements
This section includes a selection of up to three campaign advertisements per candidate released in this race, as well as links to candidates' YouTube, Vimeo, and/or Facebook video pages. If you are aware of other links that should be included, please email us.
Tom Suozzi
| January 17, 2024 |
| January 16, 2024 |
| December 14, 2023 |
View more ads here:
Mazi Pilip
| January 17, 2024 |
| January 8, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Satellite ads
This section includes a selection of campaign advertisements released by satellite groups. If you are aware of other satellite ads that should be included, please email us.
Congressional Leadership Fund
On January 21, 2024, the Congressional Leadership Fund launched an ad opposing Suozzi.[8]
| January 19, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee
On January 2, 2024, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee launched an ad opposing Pilip.[9]
| December 31, 2023 |
View more ads here:
House Majority PAC
On January 4, 2024, the House Majority PAC launched an ad supporting Suozzi.[10]
| January 2, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
| New York's 3rd Congressional District: 2024 special election polls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date | Suozzi
|
Pilip
|
Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[11] | Sponsor[12] |
| Emerson College | Jan. 13-15, 2024 | 45% | 42% | 14% | 3.1% | 975 RV | Nexstar Media |
| Opinion Diagnostics | Nov. 30, 2023 | 43% | 40% | 17% | 3.3% | 900 RV | Kellen Curry (R) campaign |
Race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[13]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[14][15][16]
| Race ratings: New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 5, 2024 | October 29, 2024 | October 22, 2024 | October 15, 2024 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | |||||
| Decision Desk HQ and The Hill | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | Likely Democratic | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Endorsements
Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
Election spending
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[17] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[18] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
| U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
| Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
| April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
| July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
| October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
| Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
| Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
| Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tom Suozzi | Democratic Party | $4,514,693 | $2,360,689 | $2,217,240 | As of January 24, 2024 |
| Mazi Pilip | Republican Party, Conservative Party | $2,988,677 | $2,979,787 | $8,889 | As of December 31, 2024 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[19][20][21]
If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.
| By candidate | By election |
|---|---|
Election context
District election history
2022
See also: New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022
General election
General election for U.S. House New York District 3
George Devolder-Santos defeated Robert Zimmerman in the general election for U.S. House New York District 3 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | George Devolder-Santos (R / Conservative Party) | 53.7 | 145,824 |
 | Robert Zimmerman (D / Working Families Party) | 46.2 | 125,404 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0 | 103 | ||
| Total votes: 271,331 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Melanie D'Arrigo (Working Families Party)
- Mekita Coe (People's Party)
2020
See also: New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020
New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Republican primary)
New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primary)
General election
General election for U.S. House New York District 3
Incumbent Tom Suozzi defeated George Devolder-Santos and Howard Rabin in the general election for U.S. House New York District 3 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tom Suozzi (D / Working Families Party / Independence Party) | 55.9 | 208,555 |
| George Devolder-Santos (R / Conservative Party) | 43.4 | 161,931 | |
 | Howard Rabin (L) | 0.6 | 2,156 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0 | 139 | ||
| Total votes: 372,781 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Bob Cohen (Working Families Party)
- Mark Naughton (Independent)
2018
General election
General election for U.S. House New York District 3
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tom Suozzi (D) | 59.0 | 157,456 |
 | Dan DeBono (R) | 41.0 | 109,514 | |
| Total votes: 266,970 (100.00% precincts reporting) | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Costa Michailidis (Independent)
- Josh Sauberman (Independent)
Earlier results
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2016 Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as a race to watch. Incumbent Steve Israel (D) chose not to seek re-election in 2016, leaving the seat open. Tom Suozzi (D) defeated Jack Martins (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Suozzi defeated Anna Kaplan, Jon Kaiman, Steven Stern, and Jonathan Clarke in the Democratic primary. The primary elections took place on June 28, 2016.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
2014
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
2000
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2024 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This was a battleground election. Other 2024 battleground elections included:
- Ohio's 9th Congressional District election, 2024
- United States Senate election in New Jersey, 2024
- United States Senate election in Ohio, 2024 (March 19 Republican primary)
See also
- Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)
- New York's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Politico, "Democrats pick Suozzi to replace George Santos in special election," December 7, 2023
- ↑ Politico, "New York Republicans pick Mazi Melesa Pilip to succeed George Santos," December 14, 2023
- ↑ CNN, "New York Democrats nominate former congressman for special election to succeed George Santos," December 7, 2023
- ↑ Politico, "Support for Israel at heart of crucial New York special election," December 15, 2023
- ↑ Politico, "Suozzi on ‘clueless’ calls to limit Israel aid," January 8, 2024
- ↑ Associated Press, "The House expels Rep. George Santos. An ethics report had accused him of breaking federal law," December 1, 2023
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSpecCalendar - ↑ New York Post, "House GOP PAC unloads on Tom Suozzi with $2.3M attack ads to back Mazi Pilip in special election for Santos seat," January 21, 2024
- ↑ Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, "DCCC Releases First TV Ad in Bellwether NY-03 Special Election," January 2, 2024
- ↑ The House Majority PAC, "House Majority PAC Launches New Digital Ad in NY-03," January 4, 2024
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
- ↑ News Day, "Anna Kaplan, a North Hempstead Democrat, announces candidacy for Congress," January 11, 2016
- ↑ Newsday, "Jon Kaiman to run for Rep. Steve Israel’s seat," January 24, 2016
- ↑ Queens Chronicle, "Long Islanders vie for Rep. Israel’s seat," January 14, 2016
- ↑ Gurfein for America, "Home," accessed November 23, 2015
- ↑ Politico, "Rep. Steve Israel, member of Democratic leadership, retiring," January 5, 2016
- ↑ New York State Board of Elections, "Filings received for the 2016 Primary Election," accessed May 15, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "New York House Races Results," June 28, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "Judge orders special GOP primary in 3rd Congressional District," August 17, 2016
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
