CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1) Summary

Top Learning Objectives –

 getting land to farm on.

 constructing factories and homes.

 Using wood for fuel or to create furnishings.

Notes on the key subjects –

 Extinction

→ A species goes extinct when it disappears entirely from the planet.

→ A species is considered extinct when the last member of it passes away.

 Deforestation

→ Deforestation is the term used to describe the clearing of trees from forests.

→ Numerous animals lose their habitat as a result of deforestation.

 Deforestation's root causes –

One or more of the following factors may contribute to deforestation:

→ acquiring land for farming.

→ constructing factories and homes.

→ Using wood for fuel or to create furnishings.

→ Deforestation can also be brought on by natural factors like severe drought and forest

fires.

 Repercussions of deforestation

→ Earth’s temperature and pollution level rise as a result of deforestation.

→ The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rises as a result.

 Droughts

→ A drought is a localized scarcity of water. Lack of rainfall can cause droughts.

 Desertification

→ Desertification is the process by which a desert is created when vegetation is eroded

by arid weather.

→ The desertification of terrain is also brought on by human actions like deforestation

and inadequate irrigation.

 Global Warming

→ Climate change on a global scale is referred to as global warming.

→ The ice caps at the poles typically melt when the average temperature rises.

→ Global warming is caused by excessive pollution and deforestation.

 Species

→ A population of people known as a species can reproduce and give birth to viable

offspring.

Create a greener world

 Using recycled paper

→ Due to their demand for wood pulp, the paper industry is one of the main contributors

to deforestation.

→ Paper recycling can aid in lowering the amount of wood pulp used by the paper

industry.

 Reforestation

→ Reforestation is the planting of new trees to replenish the devastated forests.

Conservation of Wildlife
 Fauna and flora

→ The flora and fauna of a place are the plants and animals that can be found there,

respectively.

 Protection of the environment and wildlife

→ We must protect the forest and its species because human gluttony poses a threat.

→ We need wildlife to keep the natural world in balance.

 Wildlife reserve

→ A wildlife sanctuary is a place that naturally protects species from being hunted,

preyed upon, competed with, or poached, like an island.

 National Park

→ A national park is a park used to preserve biodiversity.

→ The Union Government created and maintains them.

Biosphere Reserves

 Biodiversity and the biosphere

→ The region of the planet known as the biosphere is home to living things or sustains

life.

→ The term "biological diversity" or "biodiversity" refers to the range of living things,

their interactions, and their interactions with the environment.

 Endemic species

→ The term "endemic species" refers to plant and animal species that are unique to a

given region.

 Biosphere Reserve

→ Areas that are shielded from human interference are known as biosphere reserves.

→ These places support endangered species conservation.

→ The government started Project Tiger to safeguard and conserve the nation's declining

tiger population.

→ Project Tiger has been connected to several Natural parks.

 Endangered species

→ Animals that may go extinct because of a population decline in population are

referred to as endangered species.

 Ecosystem

→ An ecosystem is made up of all the living and non-living things in a place, such as the

soil, climate, river deltas, and microorganisms.

 Red Data Book

→ The sourcebook known as Red Data Book is used to keep track of all the endangered

species of both plants and animals.

 Migration

→ Animals migrate or move often from one location to another.

→ Usually, it's done for reproduction and to get away from hostile environments.

→ Animals like fish and birds frequently migrate.

Importance of learning this chapter –

 Protecting endangered species and their habitats requires the conservation of both

plants and animals.

 Conserving living resources enables the maintenance of an ecosystem that is in

balance.

 With conservation techniques in place, we may rejoice in the numerous species

diversity that exists on Earth.

 Additionally, it aids in mending environmental harm that has already occurred.

Application of learning this chapter –

The foundation of life on Earth is made up of plants and animals, thus it is crucial to protect

them from extinction and keep a healthy population of them to increase biodiversity or the

diversity of flora and fauna around the world.

 Biodiversity – Biodiversity is the term used to describe the range of living things that

can be found in a given location.

 Biosphere Reserve – A region designated for the preservation of biodiversity,

including native species, plants, and animals as well as tribal traditions.

 Deforestation – Deforestation is the process of removing forests and utilizing the

resulting land for other uses.

 Desertification – Desertification is the progressive transformation of a piece of land

into a desert as a result of soil erosion that removes humus and renders the soil barren.

 Ecosystem – An ecosystem is the interaction of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living)

elements.

 Endangered Animals: Animals considered to be endangered are those whose

populations are declining to the point at which they may go extinct.

 Endemic Species – Endemic species are types of living things that can only be found

in a specific region.

 Extinct – Species that were existent in the past but have now entirely disappeared are

referred to as extinct species.

 Fauna and Flora – The plants and animals that can be found in a specific location are

referred to as the flora and fauna of that place.

 Migratory Birds – Because of the local climate changes, migratory birds travel to far-

off regions every year during a specific time.

 National Park – Animals are permitted to freely use the habitats and natural resources

in national parks, which are designated as such.

of extinction.

 Reforestation – Reforestation is the process of replenishing depleted forests with new

trees of the same species that were already present there.

 Wildlife Sanctuaries – Wildlife sanctuaries are regions that are set aside in a forest

and where wild animals are safeguarded and kept.