Shear Wall Design Based on ACI 318-02

INPUT DATA
CONCRETE STRENGTH
REBAR YIELD STRESS

FACTORED AXIAL LOAD

FACTORED MOMENT LOAD
FACTORED SHEAR LOAD

LENGTH OF SHEAR WALL

THICKNESS OF WALL
DEPTH AT FLANGE
WIDTH AT FLANGE
TOTAL WALL HEIGHT TO TOP
REINF. BARS AT BULB
WALL DIST. HORIZ. REINF.
WALL DIST. VERT. REINF.
HOOP REINF - WIDTH, B, DIR.
HOOP REINF - LENGTH DIR.

ANALYSIS

f Pn (k)
7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY

(rn )min. =
0

0.0025
(rV )min. =
where
0 10000

 PROJECT :

5
5
CLIENT :
JOB NO. :

20000

[ for Acv (fc')0.5 =

0.0025
Acv =
fc'
fy

Pu
Mu
Vu

D
B

14 #
2
2
t

hw =

#
#
legs of #
legs of #

30000
=
=

= 777 k

=
=
=
=

f Mn (ft-k)

186.68 kips
[ for Acv (fc')0.5 =
5903 in 2
1
60

= 1472 k
= 52214 ft-k

27.33
18
40
40
98
14
5
5
5
5

40000

<
ksi
ksi

ft
in
in
in
ft

@ 12
@ 12
'50000
DATE :

DESIGN SUMMARY
SHEAR WALL LENGTH
SHEAR WALL THICKNESS
BULB END WIDTH
BULB END DEPTH
BULB REINFORCING
WALL HORIZ. REINF
WALL VERT. REINF
HOOP REINF - WIDTH, B, DIR
HOOP REINF - LENGTH DIR.

in. o.c.
in. o.c.

60000

THE MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT RATIOS ARE GIVEN BY ACI 318-02 SECTION 21.7.2.1 AND SECTION 14.3 AS
B

Vu , and bar size #5 horizontal]

186.68 kips <
D
14
2
2
5
5

THE WALL DESIGN IS INADEQUATE

Vu , and bar size #5 horizontal]

(gross area of concrete section bounded by web thickness and length in the
(Vu,LTMAX 2fLBdc
THE PROVIDED REINFORCEMENT RATIOS ARE
rn = 0.0029
rV =

where

rV
f
> (rn )min.
0.0029

ac =
>
=
>

0.6
(rV )min.

2.0 ( for hw / L
rn [Satisfactory]
=
[Satisfactory]
[Satisfactory]
The proposed spacing is less than the maximum permissible value of 18 in and is satisfactory. Since wall Vu
two curtains reinforcement required. (ACI 318-02, Sec.21.7.2.2)
THE DESIGN SHEAR FORCE IS GIVEN BY ACI 318-02 SECTION 21.7.4.1 & 21.7.4.4 AS
fVn =MIN [ f Acv (ac (fc')0.5 + rn fy), f 8 Acv (fc')0.5 ] =

3.59 >2)
834.02 kips > Vu

(only for hw / L > 2.0, ACI 318-02 Sec. 21.7.4.3)

AS
(u,LT 2fLBd
where
Ag =
Ast =

STRESS BLOCK ARE GIVEN BY

Cb = d
f

cMAX
CHECK FLEXURAL & AXIAL CAPACITY
THE MAXIMUN DESIGN AXIAL LOAD STRENGTH, ACI 318-02, Sec. 21.7.5.1 & Eq.(10-2), IS
f Pmax =0.8 f [ 0.85 fc' (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast] =

AT 25 % TENSION
AT 50 % TENSION
=

76.43 in2.

where d = (L-0.5D) = 308 in

ON THE INTERACTION DIAGRAM ABOVE.

AT AXIAL LOAD ONLY

AT MAXIMUM LOAD
AT 0 % TENSION

AT BALANCED STRAIN CONDITION =

AT AXIAL LOAD OF( 0.1 fc' Ag )
AT FLEXURE ONLY

where
46303

CHECK BOUNDARY ZONE REQUIREMENTS

21.7.6.3, and 21.7.6.5(a) PROVIDED THAT

c < (L hw) / (600 du)
c =
kips.

and
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
b1 =
5738 kips.
0.65 (ACI 318-02, Sec.9.3.2.2)
7663 in2.

THE DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITY AT MAXIMUM AXIAL LOAD STRENGTH ARE FROM 0 TO 15597 ft-kips.

FOR THE BALANCED STRAIN CONDITION UNDER COMBINED FLEXURE AND AXIAL LOAD, THE MAXIMUM STRAIN IN
AND IN THE TENSION REINFORCEMENT MUST SIMULTANEOUSLY REACH THE VALUES SPECIFIED IN ACI 318-02 SEC

ec = 0.003 AND es = fy / Es = 0.002069 . THE DEPTH TO THE NEUTRAL AXIS AND EQUIVALENT RECTANGULAR CO

ec / (ec + es) = 182 in

4720
3950
3276
2098
766
0

Mu

fc < 0.2 fc'

fc = (Pu / A) + (Mu y / I ) =
a = Cb b 1 =

IN ACCORDANCE WITH ACI SEC. 9.3.2 THE DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITY WITHOUT AXIAL LOAD IS
AT AN AXIAL LOAD OF (0.1 fc' Ag ) THE STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR
A DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITY 43880 ft-kips.

f Pn (kips)
5738
5738
f Mn (ft-kips)
0
15597
24201
31446
37035
46064
43880
51667
155

SUMMARY OF LOAD VERSUS MOMENT CAPACITIES ARE SHOWN IN THE TABLE BELOW, AND THEY ARE PLOTTED
in
0.85 ( ACI 318-02, Sec. 10.2.7.3 )
THE DESIGN AXIAL AND MOMENT CAPACITIES AT THE BALANCED STRAIN CONDITION ARE 2098 kips AND 46064 ft-k

THE DESIGN FORCES Pu & Mu ARE ALSO PLOTTED ON THE INTERACTION DIAGRAM. FROM THE INTERACTION DIAG
THE ALLOWABLE MOMENT AT AN AXIAL LOAD Pu IS
f Mn = < [Unsatisfactory]
where f = MAX[0.9 - 0.25Pu / MIN(fPb , 0.1fc'Ag) , 0.65] = 0.65

[Unsatisfactory]
f Mn = 0.9
f REDUCES TO 0.65 AND USING THIS VALU

(ACI 318-02 Sec. 9.3.2.2)

AN EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISION OF BOUNDARY ZONE CONFINEMENT REINFORCEMENT IS GIVEN BY ACI SE

99 in. ( distance from the extreme compression fiber to neutral axis at Pu & Mn loads.
du = 8.2 in. ( design displacement, assume 0.007hw as a conservative short cut, see ACI 31
1.186 ksi. ( the maximun extreme fiber compressive stress
y = 164 in. ( distance from the extreme compression fiber to neutral axis at Pu & Mu loads.
A = 8894 in2. ( area of transformed section. )
I = 100653710 in4. ( moment of inertia of transformed section. )
And the longitudinal reinforcement ratio at the wall end = 0.020 > 400 / fy [Unsatisfactory]
HENCE SPECIAL BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILING REQUIRED !
The boundary element length = MAX( c-0.1L, 0.5c, D+12 ) = 66.05 in. ( ACI 318-02, Sec. 21.7.6.4 )
The maximum hoop spacing = MIN[ B/4 , 6d b , 6 , 4+(14-hx)/3 ] = 6 in.o.c. ( ACI 318-02, Sec. 21.4.4.
The required hoop reinforcement Ash, B DIR = (0.09 s hc fc' ) / fyh = 0.082 in2. <
( ACI 318-02, Eq.21-4 ) Ash, L DIR = (0.09 s hc fc' ) / fyh = 0.144 in .
2 <
PAGE :
DESIGN BY :
REVIEW BY :

L = 27.33 ft
t = 18.00 in
B = 40.00 in
D + 10 = 66.05 in
# 14
# 5 @ 12 in o.c.
# 5 @ 12 in o.c.
# 5 @ 6 in o.c.
# 5 @ 6 in o.c.

SIGN IS INADEQUATE.
L

CTION 14.3 AS
d bar size #5 horizontal]
d bar size #5 horizontal]
ckness and length in the shear direction)
Since wall Vu > 2 Acv (fc')0.5 ,

[Satisfactory]
E MAXIMUM STRAIN IN THE CONCRETE
IFIED IN ACI 318-02 SEC. 10.3.2

NT RECTANGULAR CONCRETE

098 kips AND 46064 ft-kips.

f Mn = 0.9 Mn = 51667 kips.

AND USING THIS VALUES GIVES

THEY ARE PLOTTED

THE INTERACTION DIAGRAM,

NT IS GIVEN BY ACI SECTION 21.7.6.2,

al axis at Pu & Mn loads. )

tive short cut, see ACI 318-02 Sec. 21.7.6.2a. )
e fiber compressive stress at Pu & Mu loads. )
al axis at Pu & Mu loads. )
[Unsatisfactory]

Sec. 21.7.6.4 )
ACI 318-02, Sec. 21.4.4.2 & 21.7.6.5a )
# 5 provided [Satisfactory]
# 5 provided [Satisfactory]
INPUT DATA DESIGN SUMMARY
CONCRETE STRENGTH f 'c = 1 ksi SHEAR WALL LENGTH
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi SHEAR WALL THICKNESS
WALL DEAD LOAD P dl = k BULB END DEPTH
WALL DEAD LOAD MOMENT M dl = ft-k BULB END WIDTH
WALL LIVE LOAD P ll = k BULB REINFORCING
WALL LIVE LOAD MOMENT M ll = ft-k WALL HORIZ. REINF
AXIAL DUE TO SEISMIC P sl = k WALL VERT. REINF
MOMENT DUE TO SEISMIC M sl = ft-k HOOP-SHORT DIR
SHEAR DUE TO SEISMIC V sl = k HOOP-LONG DIR
SEISMIC ZONE Z = 4
L
RELIABILITY / REDUNDANCY FACTOR r = 1.3
COEFFICIENT,TAB.16-Q Ca = 0.4 D
t
TOTAL WALL HEIGHT TO TOP Hw = 98 ft
UNSUPPORTED WALL HEIGHT Lu = 17 ft B
LENGTH OF SHEAR WALL L = 27.33 ft
THICKNESS OF WALL t = 18 in WALL NUMBER
DEPTH AT BULB END D = 40 in < D min
WIDTH AT BULB END B = 40 in
REINF. PER SECT. 14.3 WHEN ALLOWED? = 0 No
REINF. BARS AT BULB 14 # 14
TRY WALL DIST. HORIZ. BAR SIZE 2 # 5 @ 12
TRY WALL DIST. VERT. BAR SIZE 2 # 5 @ 12
HOOP REINF - SHORT DIR. 5 legs of # 5
HOOP REINF - LONG DIR. 5 legs of # 5

DESIGN LOADS BOUNDARY ELEMENT REQUIRE

CASE 1: 1.4 * DL + 1.7 * LL Pu = 1472 k ULTIMATE AXIAL LOAD
Mu = 52214 ft-k ULTIMATE MOMENT
CASE 2: 1.2 * DL + f1 * LL + 1.0 * E Pu = 1472 k GROSS AREA
Mu = 52214 ft-k GROSS MOMENT OF INERTIA
CASE 3: 0.9 * DL + 1.0 * E Pu = 1472 k DIST. TO EXTREME COMP.
Mu = 52214 ft-k MAXIMUM COMP. STRESS
CAPACITY REDUCTION FACTORS LIMIT COMP. STRESS
PURE BENDING OR TENSION f = 0.90 SPECIAL BOUNDARY DETAILING
AXIAL LOAD + BENDING f = 0.65 MIN. LENGTH OF ZONE
SHEAR f = 0.60 MIN. THICKNESS OF ZONE
CONCRETE BLOCK FACTOR b = 0.85 BOUNDARY ZONE AREA
WALL SHEAR & REINFORCEMENT REQD COMP. CAP.
ULTIMATE SHEAR Vu = 777 k REQD TENS. CAP. AT BOUNDARY
GROSS WALL SHEAR AREA Acv = 5,903 in^2 MIN. RQRD ZONE REINF
WALL HEIGHT/LENGTH RATIO Hw/Lw = 3.59 ACTUAL REINF. PROVIDED
SHEAR COEFFICIENT a = 2 CHECK CONFINEMENT REQUIRE
LIMIT SHEAR STRESS Vc = 373 k MAX. ALLOW. HOOP SPACING
MAX. CONC. SHEAR STRESS vc = 0.06 ksi CORE DIM IN LONG DIRECT
HALF SHEAR CAPACITY * Vc / 2 = 187 k REQD. HOOP REINF. - SHORT DIR
MAX. WALL SHEAR CAP. f *Vn max = 1493 k ok PROV. HOOP REINF - SHORT DIR
USE TWO LAYERS OF REINF. t > 10 in & Vu > Vc CORE DIM IN SHORT DIR
CONC SHEAR CAPACITY f * Vc = 224 k REQD. HOOP REINF. - LONG DIR.
RQRD STEEL CAPACITY f * Vs = 553 k PROV. HOOP REINF. - LONG DIR.
RQRD HORIZ. STEEL RATIO ph = 0.0026
RQRD HORIZ. SHEAR REINF. Ash = 0.56 in^2/ft.
WALL HORIZONTAL BARS 2 # 5
REQD HORIZ. BAR SPACING s = 12 in o.c.
RQRD VERT. STEEL RATIO pv = 0.0025
RQRD VERT. SHEAR REINF. Asv = 0.54 in^2/ft.
WALL VERTICAL BARS 2 # 5
REQD VERT. BAR SPACING s = 12 in o.c.
TOTAL WALL DIST VERT. BARS 41 # 5
TOTAL WALL DIST REINF. Asw = 12.71 in^2
L= 27.33 ft
t= 18.0 in
D= 40.0 in
B= 40.0 in
14 # 14
2 # 5 @ 12 in o.c.
2 # 5 @ 12 in o.c.
5 # 5 @ 6 in o.c.
5 # 5 @ 6 in o.c.

7000

6000

5000

4000
*P(k)

3000

2000
f

1000

0
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000

f * M (ft-k)

MENT REQUIREMENTS
Pu = 1,472 k
Mu = 52,214 ft-k
Ag = 7663 in^2
OF INERTIA Ig = 89631855 in^4
c = 164 in
fc = 1.34 ksi
Fc = 0.2 ksi
ARY DETAILING REQUIRED !
D min = 45 in
B min = 18 in
Az = 1,600 in^2
P cap = 3648 k
AT BOUNDARY T cap = 704 k
As reqd = 8.0 in^2
As = 31.5 in^2 ok
MENT REQUIREMENTS !
OP SPACING Sh = 6 in o.c.
hcl = 38 in
NF. - SHORT DIR. Ashs = 0.09 in^2
NF - SHORT DIR Ashs = 1.55 in^2
hcs = 38 in
NF. - LONG DIR. Ashl = 0.09 in o.c.
NF. - LONG DIR. Ashl = 1.55 in^2
INPUT DATA DESIGN SUMMARY
CONCRETE STRENGTH f 'c = 1 ksi SHEAR WALL LENGTH
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi SHEAR WALL THICKNESS
WALL DEAD LOAD P dl = k BULB END DEPTH
WALL DEAD LOAD MOMENT M dl = ft-k BULB END WIDTH
WALL LIVE LOAD P ll = k BULB REINFORCING
WALL LIVE LOAD MOMENT M ll = ft-k WALL HORIZ. REINF
AXIAL LOAD DUE TO WIND P wl = k WALL VERT. REINF
MOMENT DUE TO WIND M wl = ft-k
SHEAR DUE TO WIND V wl = k
SEISMIC ZONE = 0 wind
L
RELIABILITY / REDUNDANCY FACTOR r = 1.3
COEFFICIENT,TAB.16-Q Ca = 0.4 D
t
TOTAL WALL HEIGHT TO TOP Hw = 98 ft
UNSUPPORTED WALL HEIGHT Lu = 0 ft B
LENGTH OF SHEAR WALL L = 27.33 ft
THICKNESS OF WALL t = 18 in WALL NUMBER
DEPTH AT BULB END D = 40 in
WIDTH AT BULB END B = 40 in
REINF. PER SECT. 14.3 WHEN ALLOWED? = 0 No
REINF. BARS AT BULB 14 # 14
TRY WALL DIST. HORIZ. BAR SIZE 2 # 5 @ 12
TRY WALL DIST. VERT. BAR SIZE 2 # 5 @ 12
HOOP REINF - SHORT DIR. 5 legs of # 5
HOOP REINF - LONG DIR. 5 legs of # 5

DESIGN LOADS BOUNDARY ELEMENT REQUIRE

CASE 1: 1.4 * DL + 1.7 * LL Pu = 1472 k ULTIMATE AXIAL LOAD
Mu = 52214 ft-k ULTIMATE MOMENT
CASE 2: 0.75 * (1.4*DL + 1.7*LL + 1.7*W) Pu = 1472 k GROSS AREA
Mu = 52214 ft-k GROSS MOMENT OF INERTIA
CASE 3: 0.9 * DL+ 1.3 * W Pu = 1472 k DIST. TO EXTREME COMP.
Mu = 52214 ft-k MAXIMUM COMP. STRESS
CAPACITY REDUCTION FACTORS LIMIT COMP. STRESS
PURE BENDING OR TENSION f = 0.90 SPECIAL BOUNDARY DETAILING
AXIAL LOAD + BENDING f = 0.65
SHEAR f = 0.60
CONCRETE BLOCK FACTOR b = 0.85
WALL SHEAR & REINFORCEMENT
ULTIMATE SHEAR Vu = 777 k
NET WALL SHEAR AREA Acv = 4,723 in^2
WALL HEIGHT/LENGTH RATIO Hw/Lw = 3.59
AXIAL LOAD AT Vu Nu = 1472 k
MOMENT AT Vu Mu = 52214 ft-k
MAX. CONC. SHEAR STRESS vc = 0.06 ksi
HALF SHEAR CAPACITY f * Vc / 2 = 92 k
MAX. WALL SHEAR CAP. f *Vn max = 1493 k ok
USE TWO LAYERS OF REINF. t > 10 in
CONC SHEAR CAPACITY f * Vc = 183 k
RQRD STEEL CAPACITY f * Vs = 594 k
RQRD HORIZ. STEEL RATIO ph = 0.0035
RQRD HORIZ. SHEAR REINF. Ash = 0.75 in^2/ft.
WALL HORIZONTAL BARS 2 # 5
REQD HORIZ. BAR SPACING s = 9 in o.c.
RQRD VERT. STEEL RATIO pv = 0.0025
RQRD VERT. SHEAR REINF. Asv = 0.54 in^2/ft.
WALL VERTICAL BARS 2 # 5
REQD VERT. BAR SPACING s = 12 in o.c.
TOTAL WALL DIST VERT. BARS 41 # 5
TOTAL WALL DIST REINF. Asw = 12.71 in^2
L= 27.33 ft
t= 18.0 in
D= 40.0 in
B= 40.0 in
14 # 14
2 # 5 @ 9 in o.c.
2 # 5 @ 12 in o.c.

7000

6000

5000

4000
*P(k)

3000

2000
f

1000

0
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000

f * M (ft-k)

MENT REQUIREMENTS
Pu = 1,472 k
Mu = 52,214 ft-k
Ag = 7663 in^2
OF INERTIA Ig = 89631855 in^4
c = 164 in
fc = 1.34 ksi
Fc = 0.2 ksi
ARY DETAILING NOT REQUIRED