Venusberg (akụkọ ifo)

Venusberg (German; French Mont de Vénus, "Ugwu Venus") bụ ebumnuche nke akụkọ ifo ndị Europe na-atụgharị n'akụkọ ifo na akụkọ dị iche iche kemgbe oge ikpeazụ . Ọ bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke akụkọ ifo nke "otu nwoke na-anwụ anwụ nke eze nwanyị na-agụ akụkọ rafuo na-eleta ụwa ọzọ " (dị ka ọ dị na Thomas the Rhymer ). Na akụkọ ifo German nke narị afọ nke 16, akụkọ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na onye na-egwupụta egwu Tannhäuser bụ onye na-achọsi ike ife chi nwanyị Venus ofufe.

Mmalite

Venusberg dị ka aha ụwa ọzọ ma ọ bụ ala ifo bụ nke mbụ a kpọtụrụ aha na German na Formicarius site Johannes Nider (1437/38) n'ihe gbasara mmasị na-arị elu na amoosu n'oge ahụ.

The mbụ version nke akụkọ nke akụkọ ifo, a knight na-achọ mgbaghara n'ihi na ọ hụrụ chi na-ekpere arụsị n'ugwu enchanted, ma ịbụ onye popu jụrụ na-alaghachi n'ugwu, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ebube kpaliri popu izipu ozi mgbe ya na-akpọ ya azụ, na mbụ e dekọrọ n'ụdị a ballad site Provencal odee Antoine de la Sale (akụkụ nke La Sale 4). Na nsụgharị a, ikekwe dabere na mbụ Italian, "eze nwanyị nke fairies" aha ya bụ Sibylla kama Venus na ọ dịghị mkpakọrịta na Tannhäuser.

Tannhauser folk ballad

Akụkọ nke La Sale's ballad na-ejikọta aha Tannhäuser na akụkọ akụkọ German nke mmalite narị afọ nke 16. A na-edekọ ballad German Tannhauser n'ọtụtụ nsụgharị malite na 1510, ma na German High German na obere German variants. A ka na-anakọta nsụgharị folklorist site na ọdịnala ọnụ na mmalite-na-etiti narị afọ nke 20, karịsịa na mpaghara Alpine (a na-anakọta ụdị Styrian nke nwere aha Waldhauser na 1924). Mbufe e dere n'oge n'ihe dị ka afọ 1520 bụ site na otu mpempe akwụkwọ a ma ama n'oge ahụ, yana ihe atụ mara site na Augsburg, Leipzig, Straubing, Vienna, na Wolfenbüttel. Ụdị mbụ dị ugbu a sitere na Jörg Dürnhofers Liederbuch, nke Gutknecht nke Nuremberg bipụtara ihe dị ka 1515. Nke a Lied von dem Danheüser na-enyocha ndụ onye ama ama bụ Tannhauser, bụ onye nọrọ otu afọ n'ugwu ahụ na-efe Venus ma laghachi ebe ahụ mgbe o kwenyesiri ike na Pope Urban IV ajụla mgbaghara maka mmehie ya. Ụdị Nuremberg na-egosipụtakwa Venusberg na agbụ ugwu Hörselberg dị nso Eisenach na Thuringia, n'agbanyeghị na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ na-akọwapụta ebe ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara, dịka ọmụmaatụ na Swabia, na nso Waldsee. ^[1]

Ihe ewu ewu nke ballad na-aga n'ihu nke ọma na narị afọ nke 17. Heinrich Kornmann (1614) na Johannes Praetorius (1668) dekọrọ nsụgharị ya.

Nkọwa

A kọwawo akụkọ akụkọ Venusberg dị ka ụdị nke Christianized nke ụdị akụkọ akụkọ a ma ama nke mmadụ na-eleta ụwa ọzọ : mmadụ nke elf ma ọ bụ akụkọ ifo rafuo na-enweta obi ụtọ nke alaeze ahụ mara mma ma emesịa agụụ maka ebe obibi ya dị elu dị ukwuu. A na-enye ọchịchọ ya, ma ọ naghị enwe obi ụtọ (na-ekwukarị na ọtụtụ afọ agafewo n'ụwa n'oge ọ na-anọghị ya) na n'ikpeazụ laghachi azụ n'ala.

Oge a nnabata

A natara ballad ahụ na German Romanticism . Ludwig Tieck bipụtara akụkọ a na mkpokọta Romantische Dichtungen nke 1799. Ụdị Praetorius nke 1668 gụnyere na Des Knaben Wunderhorn, nchịkọta uri ndị German nke Achim von Arnim na Clemens Brentano bipụtara na 1806. Agụnyere nchịkọta na mkpokọta Deutsche Sagen nke Brothers Grimm na 1816. Nkwagharị na-esote gụnyere Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff 's novella Das Marmorbild ( The Marble Statue, 1818), yana ọrụ Ludwig Bechstein (1835) na Ludwig Uhland ( Volkslieder, 1844). Na Heinrich Heine 's laconic poem Tannhäuser: A Legend (1837), dike ahụ nọrọ afọ asaa n'ebe ahụ tupu ọ gawa Rom, mgbe Carl Borromäus von Miltitz ' akụkọ mkpirikpi " Die zwölf Nächte "( ' ) na-akọ akụkọ dị iche iche e debere na nnukwu ụlọ dị nso na Venusberg, nke dike na Venus na-alaghachi azụ otu ugboro n'afọ.

Aubrey Beardsley malitere ide ọgwụgwọ mkparị nke akụkọ ifo nke na-agaghị agwụ agwụ n'ihi ntọghata ya na Katọlik, ịjụ ọrụ ya gara aga, na ọrịa na ọnwụ na-esote; e bipụtara akụkụ mbụ ya na The Savoy ma mesịa wepụta ya n'ụdị akwụkwọ nke Leonard Smithers nwere aha Under the Hill . N'afọ 1907, e bipụtara ihe odide mbụ ahụ ma kpọọ ya Akụkọ nke Venus na Tannhäuser .

William Morris na-akọgharị akụkọ ahụ na "The Hill of Venus", akụkọ ikpeazụ nke uri ya 1868–1870 Paradaịs Ụwa . Guy Willoughby n'akwụkwọ ya bụ Art and Christhood: The Aesthetics of Oscar Wilde na-ekwusi ike na ndị ọrụ na-eto eto nke Eze ntorobịa ama ama na akụkọ ifo Oscar Wilde na-akpalite nke Tannhäuser. HG Wells 'Sleeper na-ekiri mmegharị na The Sleeper Awakes (1910). Ọ na-ezokwa aka na ya na obere akụkọ ya " Nwoke ahụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ebube " (1898).

John Heath-Stubbs dere uri na akụkọ a na-akpọ "Tannhauser's End" (Poems Collected page 294). Aleister Crowley dere egwuregwu akpọrọ Tannhauser nke sochiri agwa Tannhauser na Venus. Onye na-ede uri bekee Algernon Charles Swinburne 's "Laus Veneris" ("In Praise of Venus") bụ ịkọ akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser na onye mbụ. Swinburne mekwara epigraph French ochie nke na-ekwu na ọ bụ isi mmalite ya. Anthony Powell kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke <i id="mwjw">Venusberg</i> ya. Onye ọbịa ọzọ bụ Thomas the Rhymer (Thomas Ercildoune, c. 1220–1297). Ihe nkiri Tannhauser Gate motif nke ihe nkiri ( Blade Runner, 1982) na akụkọ ifo cyberpunk malitere dị ka ntụnye aka n'ụzọ ndị knight jiri chọpụta ma gaa ebe a chere na ọ bụ ihe egwu egwu kacha.

Ihe omume "Castle Anthrax" na Monty Python na Holy Grail (1975) dabere na akụkọ ifo Venusberg. Onye ode akwụkwọ Philip José Farmer zoro aka na Tannhäuser na Venusberg na akụkọ akụkọ sayensị 1967 Riders of the Purple Wage . Atụmatụ akụkọ Neil Gaiman " N'ebe ọ bụla " na-egosipụta akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser n'ụzọ sara mbara, dị ka usoro TV BBC Life on Mars si dị.