Public policy made simple. Dive into our information hub today!

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District

From Ballotpedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District
Incumbent
Assumed office: January 3, 2023

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Hillary Scholten (D).

As of the 2020 Census, Michigan representatives represented an average of 775,726 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 707,973 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 (August 6 Democratic primary)

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 (August 6 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Hillary Scholten defeated Paul Hudson, Louis Palus, and Alexander Avery in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten (D)
 
53.7
 
225,510
Image of Paul Hudson
Paul Hudson (R)
 
43.8
 
183,952
Image of Louis Palus
Louis Palus (Working Class Party)
 
1.3
 
5,546
Image of Alexander Avery
Alexander Avery (L) Candidate Connection
 
1.3
 
5,281

Total votes: 420,289
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Hillary Scholten defeated Salim Al-Shatel in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 6, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten
 
90.6
 
64,546
Image of Salim Al-Shatel
Salim Al-Shatel Candidate Connection
 
9.4
 
6,665

Total votes: 71,211
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Paul Hudson defeated Michael Markey Jr. in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 6, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Paul Hudson
Paul Hudson
 
54.7
 
39,410
Image of Michael Markey Jr.
Michael Markey Jr.
 
45.3
 
32,678

Total votes: 72,088
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Alexander Avery advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on July 20, 2024.

Candidate
Image of Alexander Avery
Alexander Avery (L) Candidate Connection

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Working Class Party convention

Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Louis Palus advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on June 23, 2024.

Candidate
Image of Louis Palus
Louis Palus (Working Class Party)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2022

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten defeated John Gibbs, Jamie Lewis, and Louis Palus in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten (D) Candidate Connection
 
54.9
 
185,989
Image of John Gibbs
John Gibbs (R) Candidate Connection
 
42.0
 
142,229
Image of Jamie Lewis
Jamie Lewis (L)
 
2.0
 
6,634
Image of Louis Palus
Louis Palus (Working Class Party)
 
1.2
 
4,136

Total votes: 338,988
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 2, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten Candidate Connection
 
100.0
 
59,661

Total votes: 59,661
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

John Gibbs defeated incumbent Peter Meijer in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 2, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of John Gibbs
John Gibbs Candidate Connection
 
51.8
 
54,136
Image of Peter Meijer
Peter Meijer
 
48.2
 
50,440

Total votes: 104,576
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Jamie Lewis advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on July 10, 2022.

Candidate
Image of Jamie Lewis
Jamie Lewis (L)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Working Class Party convention

Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Louis Palus advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on June 26, 2022.

Candidate
Image of Louis Palus
Louis Palus (Working Class Party)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2020

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Peter Meijer defeated Hillary Scholten, Richard Fuentes, and Shannon Hogan in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Peter Meijer
Peter Meijer (R)
 
53.0
 
213,649
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten (D)
 
47.0
 
189,769
Richard Fuentes (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
1
Shannon Hogan (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
0

Total votes: 403,419
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 4, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Hillary Scholten
Hillary Scholten
 
100.0
 
65,008

Total votes: 65,008
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Peter Meijer defeated Lynn Afendoulis, Tom Norton, Joe Farrington, and Emily Rafi in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 4, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Peter Meijer
Peter Meijer
 
50.2
 
47,273
Image of Lynn Afendoulis
Lynn Afendoulis Candidate Connection
 
26.1
 
24,579
Image of Tom Norton
Tom Norton
 
15.8
 
14,913
Joe Farrington
 
4.2
 
3,966
Emily Rafi Candidate Connection
 
3.7
 
3,462

Total votes: 94,193
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2018

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Justin Amash defeated Cathy Albro and Ted Gerrard in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Justin Amash
Justin Amash (R)
 
54.4
 
169,107
Image of Cathy Albro
Cathy Albro (D)
 
43.2
 
134,185
Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers Party)
 
2.4
 
7,445
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.0
 
3

Total votes: 310,740
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Cathy Albro defeated Fred Wooden in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Cathy Albro
Cathy Albro
 
68.2
 
42,619
Image of Fred Wooden
Fred Wooden Candidate Connection
 
31.8
 
19,903

Total votes: 62,522
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Justin Amash advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Justin Amash
Justin Amash
 
100.0
 
69,817

Total votes: 69,817
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2016

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Justin Amash (R) defeated Douglas Smith (D) and Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election on November 8, 2016. No candidate faced a primary opponent in August.[1][2][3][4]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJustin Amash Incumbent 59.5% 203,545
     Democratic Douglas Smith 37.5% 128,400
     U.S. Taxpayers Ted Gerrard 3% 10,420
Total Votes 342,365
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

2014

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2014

The 3rd Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014.
Incumbent Justin Amash (R) defeated challengers Bob Goodrich (D) and Tonya Duncan (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJustin Amash Incumbent 57.9% 125,754
     Democratic Bob Goodrich 39% 84,720
     Green Tonya Duncan 3.1% 6,691
Total Votes 217,165
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

General election candidates


August 5, 2014, primary results

Republican Party Republican Primary

Democratic Party Democratic Primary

2012

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2012

The 3rd Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Justin Amash won re-election in the district.[6]

General election

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Steve Pestka 44.2% 144,108
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJustin Amash Incumbent 52.6% 171,675
     Libertarian Bill Gelineau 3.2% 10,498
     Write-in Steven Butler 0% 2
Total Votes 326,283
Source: Michigan Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Primary results

Democratic Primary

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2012
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngSteve Petska 58.9% 13,408
Trevor Thomas 41.1% 9,373
Total Votes 22,781

2010
On November 2, 2010, Justin Amash won election to the United States House. He defeated Pat Miles (D), James Rogers (L), Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) and Charlie Shick (G) in the general election.[7]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2010
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJustin Amash 59.7% 133,714
     Democratic Pat Miles 37.5% 83,953
     Libertarian James Rogers 1.2% 2,677
     U.S. Taxpayers Ted Gerrard 1% 2,144
     Green Charlie Shick 0.7% 1,575
Total Votes 224,063


2008
On November 4, 2008, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Henry Sanchez (D) and Erwin Haas (L) in the general election.[8]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2008
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 61.1% 203,799
     Democratic Henry Sanchez 35.4% 117,961
     Libertarian Erwin Haas 3.5% 11,758
Total Votes 333,518


2006
On November 7, 2006, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated James Rinck (D), Jeff Steinport (L) and Rodger Gurk (G) in the general election.[9]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2006
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 63.1% 171,212
     Democratic James Rinck 34.6% 93,846
     Libertarian Jeff Steinport 1.4% 3,702
     Green Rodger Gurk 1% 2,592
Total Votes 271,352


2004
On November 2, 2004, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Peter Hickey (D), Warren Adams (L) and Marcel Sales (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election.[10]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2004
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 66.6% 214,465
     Democratic Peter Hickey 31.5% 101,395
     Libertarian Warren Adams 1.1% 3,695
     U.S. Taxpayers Marcel Sales 0.8% 2,548
Total Votes 322,103


2002
On November 5, 2002, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Kathryn Lynnes (D), Tom Quinn (L) and Richard Lucey (Reform) in the general election.[11]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2002
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 70% 153,131
     Democratic Kathryn Lynnes 28.3% 61,987
     Libertarian Tom Quinn 1.2% 2,613
     Reform Richard Lucey 0.5% 1,124
Total Votes 218,855


2000
On November 7, 2000, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Timothy Steele (D), Erwin Haas (L), Tom Grego (U.S. Taxpayers), Kenneth Lowndes (Reform) and Jerry Berta (Natural Law) in the general election.[12]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2000
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 65% 179,539
     Democratic Timothy Steele 33.1% 91,309
     Libertarian Erwin Haas 0.9% 2,403
     U.S. Taxpayers Tom Grego 0.4% 1,093
     Reform Kenneth Lowndes 0.4% 1,053
     Natural Law Jerry Berta 0.3% 866
Total Votes 276,263


1998
On November 3, 1998, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Ferguson, Jr. (D), Erwin Haas (L) and Lucille Wiggins (Natural Law) in the general election.[13]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1998
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 73.1% 146,364
     Democratic John Ferguson, Jr. 24.7% 49,489
     Libertarian Erwin Haas 1.3% 2,537
     Natural Law Lucille Wiggins 0.9% 1,861
Total Votes 200,251


1996
On November 5, 1996, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Betsy Flory (D), Erwin Haas (L) and Eric Anderson (Natural Law) in the general election.[14]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1996
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 68.6% 169,466
     Democratic Betsy Flory 29.5% 72,791
     Libertarian Erwin Haas 1.2% 2,994
     Natural Law Eric Anderson 0.7% 1,739
     N/A Write-in 0% 53
Total Votes 247,043


1994
On November 8, 1994, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Betsy Flory (D), Barrie Leslie Konicov (L) and Susan Normandin (Natural Law) in the general election.[15]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1994
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVernon Ehlers incumbent 73.9% 136,711
     Democratic Betsy Flory 23.5% 43,580
     Libertarian Barrie Leslie Konicov 1.6% 2,960
     Natural Law Susan Normandin 1% 1,815
     N/A Scattering 0% 11
Total Votes 185,077


1992
On November 3, 1992, Paul Henry won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Carol Kooistra (D), Richard Whitelock (L) and Susan Normandin (Natural Law) in the general election.[16]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1992
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngPaul Henry incumbent 61.3% 162,451
     Democratic Carol Kooistra 36.2% 95,927
     Libertarian Richard Whitelock 1.2% 3,232
     Natural Law Susan Normandin 1.2% 3,228
     N/A Write-in 0% 110
Total Votes 264,948


1990
On November 6, 1990, Howard Wolpe won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Brad Haskins (R) in the general election.[17]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1990
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngHoward Wolpe incumbent 57.9% 82,376
     Republican Brad Haskins 42.1% 60,007
     N/A Write-in 0% 7
Total Votes 142,390


District map

Redistricting

2020-2021

See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2020 census

Michigan’s congressional district boundaries became law on March 26, 2022, 60 days after the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) published its report on the redistricting plans with the secretary of state.[18][19] On December 28, 2021, the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) approved what was named the "Chestnut" map by a vote of 8-5. Two Democrats, two Republicans, and four nonpartisan members voted to approve the plan with the five remaining commissioners in favor of other plans. As required, "at least two commissioners who affiliate with each major party, and at least two commissioners who do not affiliate with either major party" voted in favor of the adopted map.[20]

The MICRC was established after voters approved a 2018 constitutional amendment that transferred the power to draw the state's congressional and legislative districts from the state legislature to a redistricting commission. Under the terms of the amendment, "Within 30 days after adopting a plan, the commission shall publish the plan and the material reports, reference materials, and data used in drawing it, including any programming information used to produce and test the plan." The adopted plan becomes law 60 days after the MICRC publishes that report.[20]

Beth LeBlanc of The Detroit News wrote that, “Unlike other congressional maps the commission had to choose from, Chestnut was set apart by its inclusion of Grand Rapids and Muskegon in the same district, its grouping of Battle Creek and Kalamazoo and its ability to keep Jackson County whole, instead of breaking off part of the county into an Ann Arbor area district.”[21] According to Clara Hendrickson and Todd Spangler of the Detroit Free Press, "According to three measures of partisan fairness based on statewide election data from the past decade, the map favors Republicans. But those measures also show a significant reduction in the Republican bias compared to the map drawn a decade ago by a Republican legislature, deemed one of the most politically biased maps in the country. One of the partisan fairness measures used by the commission indicates Democratic candidates would have an advantage under the new map."[22] This map took effect for Michigan’s 2022 congressional elections.

How does redistricting in Michigan work? In Michigan, a non-politician commission is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district plans. The commission comprises 13 members, including four Democrats, four Republicans, and five unaffiliated voters or members of minor parties. In order for a map to be enacted, at least seven members must vote for it, including at least two Democrats, two Republicans, and two members not affiliated with either major party.[23]

The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission prepared this document specifically explaining the redistricting process after the 2020 census.

Michigan District 3
until January 2, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

Michigan District 3
starting January 3, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

2010-2011

This is the 3rd Congressional District of Michigan after the 2001 redistricting process.
See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2010 census

In 2011, the Michigan State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd the 203rd most Democratic district nationally.[24]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have defeated Donald Trump (R) 53.3%-44.8%.[25]

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd the 203rd most Democratic district nationally.[26]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 53.3% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 44.8%.[27]

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+6. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 6 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd Congressional District the 183rd most Republican nationally.[28]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.03. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.03 points toward that party.[29]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. Michigan Secretary of State, "2016 Michigan Candidate Listing," accessed April 20, 2016
  2. Politico, "Michigan House Primaries Results," August 2, 2016
  3. Michigan Secretary of State, "2016 Michigan Candidate Listing," accessed September 6, 2016
  4. CNN, "Election Results," accessed November 8, 2016
  5. Politico, "GOP rival announces Justin Amash primary," accessed October 8, 2013
  6. Politico, "2012 Election Map, Michigan," accessed November 3, 2012
  7. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  8. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
  9. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
  10. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
  11. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
  12. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
  13. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
  14. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
  15. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
  16. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
  17. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
  18. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named march26
  19. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MICRCemail
  20. 20.0 20.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MIConst
  21. The Detroit News, "Michigan redistricting panel wraps adoption of state House, Senate, congressional maps" December 28, 2021
  22. Detroit Free Press, "Michigan's redistricting commission adopts final congressional map for the next decade" December 28, 2021
  23. Michigan Radio, "Redistricting proposal passes in Michigan," November 6, 2018
  24. Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
  25. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  26. Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
  27. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  28. Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
  29. FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018


Senators
Representatives
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
District 7
District 8
District 9
District 10
District 11
District 12
District 13
Democratic Party (8)
Republican Party (7)