Lipoprotein metabolism
- PMID: 9519338
Lipoprotein metabolism
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemias are important risk factors for coronary heart disease. To prevent and treat the different forms of hyperlipidaemias it is important to understand lipoprotein metabolism. The current knowledge on lipoprotein metabolism is based on many different biochemical and metabolic studies which are summarized here for a clinically orientated overview. Exogenous fat is transported in chylomicrons from the intestine to the liver. After entry in the blood stream the chylomicrons are hydrolyzed by the endothelial-bound lipoprotein lipase. The chylomicron remnants are rapidly taken up into the liver via the LDL receptor and the LDL receptor-related protein. Apolipoprotein E and lipoprotein lipase are the recognition signals for these receptors. The liver utilizes the exogenous fat and can release surplus lipids via VLDL into the blood. The VLDL are another substrate for lipoprotein lipase. The remaining VLDL remnants can either be taken up into the liver or are hydrolyzed to LDL. LDL delivers cholesterol to all body cells via the LDL receptor. The level of LDL cholesterol is regulated by the amount of LDL receptor, and defects in the LDL receptor molecule lead to hypercholesterolaemia. The level of triglyceride-rich remnants is regulated by the amount and activity of lipoprotein lipase and defects in this enzyme cause mixed hyperlipidaemias. Both these forms of hyperlipoproteinaemias are the most frequent and represent major risk factors for arteriosclerosis.
Similar articles
-
[Physiology and pathophysiology of the metabolism of lipoproteins].Wien Med Wochenschr. 1994;144(12-13):286-90. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1994. PMID: 8650930 Review. German.
-
[The great Scandinavian Medical Jahre Prize 1994. Role of lipoprotein lipase in lipoprotein metabolism].Nord Med. 1995;110(1):4-8. Nord Med. 1995. PMID: 7831108 Swedish.
-
[Lipids, lipoproteins, arterial accidents and oral contraceptives].Contracept Fertil Sex (Paris). 1986 Jan;14(1):81-7. Contracept Fertil Sex (Paris). 1986. PMID: 12341243 French.
-
Interrelationship of triglycerides with lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins.Am J Cardiol. 1990 Sep 4;66(6):20A-23A. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(90)90565-i. Am J Cardiol. 1990. PMID: 2203246 Review.
-
An apolipoprotein(a) peptide delays chylomicron remnant clearance and increases plasma remnant lipoproteins and atherosclerosis in vivo.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Aug;25(8):1704-10. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000170819.57945.03. Epub 2005 May 19. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005. PMID: 15905467
Cited by
-
EDEM3 Modulates Plasma Triglyceride Level through Its Regulation of LRP1 Expression.iScience. 2020 Apr 24;23(4):100973. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100973. Epub 2020 Mar 11. iScience. 2020. PMID: 32213464 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of statin therapy and exercise on postprandial triglycerides in overweight individuals with hypercholesterolaemia.Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Jun;86(6):1089-1099. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14217. Epub 2020 Feb 18. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020. PMID: 31925809 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Assessment of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio in non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome patients.Egypt Heart J. 2020 May 24;72(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s43044-020-00057-1. Egypt Heart J. 2020. PMID: 32449038 Free PMC article.
-
Synthesis, Chemical and Biomedical Aspects of the Use of Sulfated Chitosan.Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 22;14(16):3431. doi: 10.3390/polym14163431. Polymers (Basel). 2022. PMID: 36015688 Free PMC article.
-
Transiently Elevated TC and sdLDL-C Levels and Falsely Low LDL-C Levels in Patients with Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.Onco Targets Ther. 2021 Feb 15;14:1061-1071. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S285856. eCollection 2021. Onco Targets Ther. 2021. PMID: 33623393 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Other Literature Sources
Molecular Biology Databases