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Magnesium Hydride

This document summarizes the conception and testing of a 10 kg magnesium hydride tank for hydrogen storage. Some key points: - The tank contained 73 magnesium hydride discs that could store up to 600 g of hydrogen. - Loading the tank took 40 minutes and unloading took 150 minutes, powered by heat transfer fluid at temperatures of 240-340°C. - Loading times improved over the first cycles as heat exchanges and material properties improved. - The storage capacity decreased slightly over the first 14 cycles then stabilized, remaining dependent on temperature. - A smaller scale tank was cycled 600 times with less than 0.15% mass loss, demonstrating stability of the magnesium hydride material

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244 views16 pages

Magnesium Hydride

This document summarizes the conception and testing of a 10 kg magnesium hydride tank for hydrogen storage. Some key points: - The tank contained 73 magnesium hydride discs that could store up to 600 g of hydrogen. - Loading the tank took 40 minutes and unloading took 150 minutes, powered by heat transfer fluid at temperatures of 240-340°C. - Loading times improved over the first cycles as heat exchanges and material properties improved. - The storage capacity decreased slightly over the first 14 cycles then stabilized, remaining dependent on temperature. - A smaller scale tank was cycled 600 times with less than 0.15% mass loss, demonstrating stability of the magnesium hydride material

Uploaded by

franiq2007
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Conception and test of a 10 kg magnesium hydride tank

B. Delhomme, P. de Rango, P. Marty, S. Miraglia Institut Nel CRETA LEGI, Grenoble, FRANCE

Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen as energy vector : - Fitting of electricity production - Electricity production in off-grid sites - Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) High pressure storage : Pressure = 200 - 350 Bar Energy needed = 25 % H2 LHV

A safe and efficient mean of storage is still needed


Liquid storage : Temperature = 20 K Energy needed = 30 % H2 LHV

Solid storage : magnesium hydride : Moderate pressure : 1 - 15 bar Temperature : 300 - 380 C Energy needed = 30 % H2 LHV

Possibility to use wasted heat for the hydrogen desorption

Magnesium hydride
Material : - MgH2 ball-milled with TiVCr - powders are then compacted with Expanded Natural Graphite (ENG)

75 kJ.mol-1

Equilibrium pressure

Exothermic Endothermic

Properties : - Storage capacity : 6.5 wt. % - Fast reaction kinetics - Improved thermal conductivity - Temperature range : 300 - 400 C - Pressure range : 0.1 - 1 MPa

Pressure (MPa)

Temperature (C)

10 kg MgH2 tank

73 MgH2 discs

Metallic mesh used to improve H2 circulation High temperature heat transfer fluid : MARLOTHERM

Test bench

Measurement : Temperature : 16 K type thermocouples Hydrogen mass flow Pressure

Tank loading
Typical loading conditions : - H2 pressure = 11 bar - Oil temperature = 240 C

Loading time = 40 min

Tank unloading
Unloading conditions : - Oil temperature = 340 C - H2 flow = 35 Nl.min-1 3 kWe (H2 LHV, FC=50 %)

Unloading time = 150 min

Loading time improvement

Large improvement of the thermal conductivity from the first cycle

Loading time

heat exchanges

Loading time improvement


Deformation of the composites : Improvement of the thermal contact between the composites and the tank wall

Loading time improvement

Evolution of MgH2 crystallite size : - before ball-milling : broad peaks with low intensity crystallites with nanometer scale - this partially amorphous state disappears after the first cycle

Loading time improvement


Hydride recrystallization observed by TEM : After ball-milling After 1 cycle

100 nm

100 nm

Evolution of the storage capacity

- Diminution of the storage capacity over the 14 first cycles, then a slight increase is observed. - the hydrogen capacity is linked with the imposed temperature

Life time stability


Small scale tank cycled 600 times :

0.15 wt.% loss after 600 cycles

mMgH2164 g

Evolution of storage capacity : - diminution during the first cycles - slight increase until 80 cycles - slight decrease from 80 to 600 cycles Degradation of (un)loading times : no evolution after 390 cycles

Conclusions
A 10 kg MgH2 tank (600 g H2) was realised and tested for different experimental conditions : - High energetic density of 360 Wh.kg-1(composites + tank + measurement devices). - Loading performed in 35 min. - A mean discharging hydrogen flow of 35 Nl.min-1 can be maintained during 2h30. - During the first 10 cycles, an improvement of (un)loading time is observed due to improvement of heat exchanges. - Large microstructure modifications observed from the first hydrogenation cycles. However, reaction kinetic remain fast : (un)loading times limited by heat exchanges and hydrogen circulation. - A small scale tank was cycled up to 600 times. Only a slight diminution of hydrogen capacity is observed after 600 cycles.

Acknowledgement
NESSHY Novel Efficient Solid Storage for H2 FP6 Integrated Project SES6-518271 (2006-2011)

Thank you four your attention

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