WOUNDS AND
INJURIES
Indian Red Cross Society
SECTIONS
D.2 D.3 D.4
Small cuts and Head injuries Chest injuries
abrasions
D.5 D.6 D.7 D.8 D.9
Abdominal Bleeding from Amputation Crush Injuries Shock
Injuries varicose veins
SMALL CUTS AND ABRASIONS
1 Observation
2 What should I do?
3 Hygiene
OBSERVATION
You will observe the injured person in pain and
he/she might be having :
01 The skin /tissue is damaged
02 Bleeding through open skin
03 Discolored skin
WHAT SHOULD
I DO IN THIS
SITUATION?
Press on the wound with a
1 clean cloth/bandage
Rinse with clean water until
2 all the dirt is removed
If the wound/ bleeding is large do not waste time cleaning it , first priority
is to stop bleeding
Cover with a clean cloth and Use
3 adhesive strips to close a clean cut
otherwise use a bandage
Do not apply the bandage too
4 tightly if there is swelling or
numbness
Advise the injured person to keep
5 the wound dry after getting wet
and the wound should be regularly
cleaned.
If a dressing needs to be changed
6 then do not tear it off instead use
saline water and it would come off
easily
WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF INFECTION?
If there is an infection always refer to a
doctor
Indications:
1. Pain that is getting worse
2. Swelling, hot or red skin around the wound
3. The wound shows discharge, or
4. The person having a fever or feeling unwell
HYGIENE
Wash your hands before and after
taking care of patient
Maintain hygiene by washing
hands with soap and water or an
alcohol based sanitizer
HEAD INJURIES
1 Nose
2 Gums
NOSE BLEED
Ask the person to hold their nose
with their fingers.
To prevent children from
swallowing blood, instruct them
to lean forward and breathe
through their mouths.
Hold the nose in place for 10 to 15
minutes. If necessary, take care of
them.
Seek medical attention if the bleeding
doesn't stop within 20 minutes or if the
nose was impacted forcefully.
Additionally, get assistance if the
person appears pale, drowsy, or
passes out.
GUMS BLEEDING
Rinse the mouth with water
or saline solution.
Put a thick cotton ball in the
bleeding area and bite on it.
Take the person to a
healthcare facility for further
assistance
CHEST
INJURIES
In case of chest injury do the
following:
Help the injured person sit up
halfway and apply pressure to
stop bleeding.
Any open chest wounds should
not be covered, and airtight
dressings should not be used.
Encourage the injured individual and
reassure them.
Encourage them to place their hand over
the wound and lean towards the side that
is hurt.
Place them on their side if they pass out
but are still breathing.
Give CPR if they stop breathing.
Make arrangements for emergency
transport to the local hospital.
ABDOMINAL
INJURIES
If there is abdominal
bleeding, apply firm pressure
to stop it.
Put a bandage made of fresh
cotton over the wound.
To stop the wound from opening, adjust
the victim's position.
If intestines come out, don't touch them and simply
cover them with a fresh plastic bag or pad.
Don't provide the injured person food or liquids.
Put the person in the recovery position if they pass
out but are still breathing.
CPR should be given if the person stops breathing.
BLEEDING
FROM
VARICOSE
VEINS
If there's bleeding from a varicose vein:
Ask the person to lie down on the
floor.
Raise and support the affected leg
to slow down the bleeding.
Apply direct pressure to the
bleeding site.
Put a bandage on the wound.
If there's bleeding from a varicose vein:
Ask the person to lie down on the floor.
Raise and support the affected leg to
slow down the bleeding.
Apply direct pressure to the bleeding
site.
Put a bandage on the wound.
AMPUTATION
By directly pressing on the wound,
you can stop the bleeding.
Put a bandage made of fresh
cotton over the wound.
In a clean plastic bag, place the
amputated body portion.
Never put ice directly on the severed
section; instead, if at all possible, place
the bagged amputated part in an ice-
filled container.
Keep liquids and antiseptic products
away from the amputation site.
Indicate on the package the name of the
victim and the time the amputation
happened.
CRUSH
INJURY
In case of a crush injury:
Keep the victim's head as low as
possible.
Watch for changes in the victim's
breathing and consciousness.
If the victim stops breathing, start
CPR.
SHOCK
Hypovolemic Shock:
When someone loses a lot of blood, shock
is most frequently caused.
Both external and internal bleeding may
cause this.
Shock can also be brought on by other
bodily fluids lost due to illnesses like
diarrhoea or serious burns.
Cardiogenic Shock:
When the heart is unable to
adequately pump blood, shock may
occur.
This can be a result of severe heart
issues or a heart attack.
Additional Shock:
Additionally, severe infections, certain hormonal
issues, low blood sugar, being too cold, lung injuries,
severe allergies, drug overdoses, and spinal cord
injuries can all result in shock.
Keep in mind that shock is a dangerous condition
that requires prompt medical attention
After Shock Development:
Symptoms:
Rapid pulse (heart beating fast)
Pale appearance and cold, clammy skin
Rapid, shallow breathing
Dizziness, weakness, and feeling faint
Eyes appearing to stare
Anxiety, restlessness, and agitation
Seizures (uncontrolled movements)
Confusion or unresponsiveness
Low or no urine output
Bluish lips and fingernails
Sweating
Nausea, vomiting, and feeling thirsty
Restlessness, aggression, and complaining of
chest pain
Actions for someone in shock:
If they're awake, reassure and reassurance the
person.
If you notice any severe bleeding, stop it.
Unless they have injuries to their head, chest, or
abdomen, assist them in laying comfortably on their
back. Turn them on their side if they are throwing up.
If you don't think they have fractured bones or spinal
injuries, lift and support their legs.
Adjust any restrictive garments.
Remove their damp clothing, then wrap them in a
blanket to keep them warm. Do not rub their body or
use hot water bottles or warm rugs.
Except in rare circumstances like low body
temperature, low blood sugar, dehydration, or heat
exhaustion when they are conscious, don't give them
food or drink.
Observe how they are breathing and how conscious
they are.
