K.C.S.

E F2 MATHEMATICS TOPICALS

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INDICES
1. 1989 Q4 P2

253/4 ×0.92 ×22

Simplify
55/2 ×33
in the form A/B where A and B are integers (2 marks)

2. 1990 Q4 P2
Solve for x in
52x-1 = 12x (3 marks)

3. 1991 Q 4 P2
Solve for x in
4x+1 = 32 (3 marks)

4. 1993 Q8 P2
Solve for x in
9x + 32x – 1 = 53 (3 marks)
5. 1995 Q 5 P2
Find the value of x in the following equations:
49x + 1 + 72x = 350 (4 marks)

6. 1996 Q 9 P2
Find the value of x which satisfies the equation (4 marks)
2
16 x = 84x-3

7. 1997 Q 7 P2
Find the value of m in the following equation
(1/27) m х (81)-1 = 243 (3 marks)

8. 1998 Q 10 P2
Given that P = 3y, express the equation 32y – 1 + 2 x 3y-1 = 1 terms of P. (1mark)
Hence or otherwise find the value of y in the equation
32y – 1 + 2 x 3y-1 (3 marks)

9. 1999 Q 4 P2
Simplify 2 x  52 x  2− x (2 marks)

10. 2000 Q 12 P2
Find the value of x which satisfy the equation
52x – 6 x 5x + 5 = 0 (4 marks)

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11. 2001 Q 2 P2
Solve for x in the equation 32(x-3) ÷8 (x+4) = 64 ÷ 2x (3 marks)

12. 2002 Q 7 P2
812 x  27 x
Solve for x in the equation = 729 (3 marks)
9x

13. 2005 Q 1 P2
Find the value of y in the equation
243  32 y
= 81 (3 marks)
729  3 y  3(
2 y −1 )

14. 2008 Q 2 P1
Simplify
2
27  24
3

−
3 (3 marks)
5
32

15. 2009 Q 5 P1
Without using logarithm tables or calculators, evaluate
1 2
−
64 2  27000 3
(4 marks)
2−4  30  52

16. 2010 Q 8 P1
Without using mathematical tables or a calculator, evaluate

1
−
 81 
2
4
27   
3
(3 marks)
 16 

17. 2012 Q5 P1
Given that 92y x 2x =72, find the values of x and y (3 marks)

18. 2014 Q6 P1
−2 2
243 5 ×1253
Simplify −3 (3marks)
92

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EVALUATION OF NUMERIC EXPRESSIONS
(Using Mathematical tables)

1. 1989 Q1 P1
Use logarithms to evaluate (4 marks)
3
√(35.6 × 0.06132 )

2. 1990 Q1 P2
1.34
Evaluate (4 marks)
(5.24)0.8 ×0.0029

3. 1991 Q1 P2
Use mathematical tables to evaluate (3 marks)
2.935 ×0.0765
√[ ]
32.74

4. 1992 Q1 P1
3 7.08
Use logarithms to evaluate √[ ] (4 marks)
76.8 ×7.034

5. 1993 Q2 P1
√0.0645
Use logarithms to evaluate (3 marks)
0.0082

6. 1994 Q1 P1
Use logarithms to evaluate

4 4.562 ×0.038
√ (4 marks)
0.82

7. 1995 Q1 P2
Use logarithms to evaluate (4 marks)
( 0.07284 )
2

3 0.06195

8. 1996 Q1 P1
36.15  0.02573
Use logarithms to evaluate 3 (3 marks)
1.938
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9. 1997 Q1 P1
(1934 )
2
 0.00324
Use logarithms to evaluate (4 marks)
436

10. 1998 Q1 P2
1
Use logarithms to evaluate 55.9  ( 0.2621  0.01177 ) 5 (4 marks)

11. 1999 Q1 P2
3
 6.79  0.3911  4
Use logarithms to evaluate   (4 marks)
 log5 

12. 2000 Q11 P2

1.23  0.0089
Use the logarithms to evaluate 3 (4 marks)
76.54

13. 2001 Q1 P1
Find the reciprocal of 0.342. Hence evaluate:
0.0625
(3 marks)
0.342

14. 2001 Q3 P1
Use logarithms to evaluate
1
( 3.256  0.0536 ) 3 (4 marks)

15. 2002 Q1 P2
(0.0056)1/2
Use logarithms to evaluate (3 marks)
1.38×27.42

16. 2002 Q5 P1
Use reciprocal and square tables to evaluate, to 4 significant figures, the
1
expression: + 4.3462 (3 marks)
24.56

17. 2003 Q1 P2
2347  0.4666
Use logarithm tables to evaluate (4 marks)
3 0.0924

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18. 2004 Q1 P2
34.33
Use logarithms to evaluate (4 marks)
5.25  0.042

19. 2004 Q8 P1
Use tables of reciprocals only to work out
3 13
+ (3 marks)
0.6735 0.156

20. 2006 Q1 P2
In this question, show all the steps in your calculations, giving your
answers at each stage
Use logarithms, correct to 4 decimal places, to evaluate (4 marks)
36.72  ( 0.46 )
2

3
185.4

21. 2007 Q1 P2
2
 0.032  14.26  3
Using logarithm tables, evaluate   (3 marks)
 0.006 

22. 2008 Q1 P2
In this question, show all the steps in your calculations, giving the answer at
each stage. Use logarithms correct to decimal places, to evaluate.
6.373log 4.948
0.004636

(3 marks)
23. 2011 Q1 P2
Use logarithms, correct to 4 decimal places, to evaluate
83.46  0.0054
3
1.562
(4 marks)

24. 2012 Q2 P1
Find the reciprocal of 0.216 correct to 3decimal places, hence evaluate
(3 marks)
3
√0.512
0.216

25. 2015 Q4 P1

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Use logarithms, correct to 4 significant figures, to evaluate
72.56 X 0.64
√ (4 marks)
(1.845)2

EQUATIONS OF STRAIGHT LINES

1. 1989 Q23 P1
A rhombus PQRS is such that Q lies on the x axis. The coordinates of vertices
P and R are (2, 4) and (6, 2) respectively.
Determine
▪ The coordinates of Q (4 marks)
▪ The coordinates of S (4 marks)

2. 1992 Q9 P2
A perpendicular is drawn from a point (3, 5) to the line 2y + x = 3. Find the
equation of the perpendicular. (3 marks)

3. 1995 Q 5 P1
A perpendicular to the line y - 4x + 3 = 0 passes through the point (-8, 5)
Determine its equation (2 marks)

4. 1997 Q 24 P1
The co-ordinates of the points P and Q are (1, -2) and (4, 10) respectively.
A point T divides the line PQ in the ratio 2: 1

(a) Determine the coordinates of T (2 marks)

(b) (i) Find the gradient of a line perpendicular to PQ (2 marks)

(ii) Hence determine the equation of the line perpendicular PQ and
passing through T (2 marks)
(iii) If the line meets the y- axis at R, calculate the distance TR, to three
significant figures (2 marks)

5. 1999 Q 7 P2
The equation of a line is
3
− 5 𝑥 + 3y = 6
Find the:
(a) Gradient of the line (1 mark)
(b) Equation of a line passing through point (1, 2) and
perpendicular to the given line. (3 marks)

6. 2000 Q 1 P2
Find equation of the perpendicular to the line x + 2y – 4 and passes
through point (2,1) (3 marks)

7. 2001 Q 5 P1
A line L1 passes though point (1, 2) and has a gradient of 5. Another line
L2, is perpendicular to L1 and meets it at a point where x = 4. Find the
equation for L2 in the form of y = mx + c (4 marks)

8. 2003 Q 4 P2
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A straight line passes through points A (-3, 8) and B (3, -4).Find the
equation of the straight line through(3,4) and parallel to AB. Give the
answer in the form y – mx +c, and c are constants. (3 marks)

9. 2004 Q 16 P1
P(5,-4)and Q (-1,-2) are points on a straight line. Find the equation of the
perpendicular bisector of PQ: giving the answer in the form y = mx+c.
(4 marks)

10. 2005 Q 11 P1
On the diagram below, the line whose equation is 7y – 3x + 30 = 0 passes
through the points A and B. Point A on the x- axis while point B is
equidistant from x- and y – axes.

Calculate the co-ordinates of the points A and B (3 marks)

11. 2005 Q 12 P2
Two lines L1 and L2 intersect at a point P. L1 passes through the points
(-4, 0) and (0, 6). Given that L2 has the equation: y = 2x – 2, find, by
calculation, the coordinates of P. (3 marks)

12. 2006 Q 9 P1
A line with gradient of -3 passes through the points (3. k) and (k.8). Find the
value of k and hence express the equation of the line in the form ax + by = c,
where a, b, and c are constants. (3 marks)

13. 2007 Q 7 P2
Find the equation of a straight line which is equidistant from the
points (2, 3) and (6, 1), expressing it in the form ax + by = c where a, b
and c are constants (4 marks)

14. 2008 Q 11 P1
Three vertices of a rhombus ABCD are; A(-4,-3), B(1,-1) and C(3,4)
are constants.
(2 marks)
a) Draw the rhombus on the grid provided below. (2 marks)
b) Find the equation of the line AD in the form y = mx + c, where and c
are constants. (2 marks)

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15. 2008 Q 15 P1
The equation of line L1 is 2y-5x-8=0 and line L2 passes through the points
(-5, 0) and (5,-4). Without drawing the lines L1 and L2 show that the
two lines are perpendicular to each other. (3 marks)

16. 2009 Q 9 P1
A line which joins the points A (3,k) and B (-2,5) is parallel to another
line whose equation is 5y +2x = 10 .Find the value of k. (3 marks)

17. 2009 Q 14 P1
The diagonals of a rhombus PQRS intersect at T. Given that P(2,2),Q(3,6)
and (-1,5):
(a) Draw the rhombus PQRS on the grid provided;
(b) State the coordinate of T. (2 marks)

18. 2010 Q 3 P1
A straight line l passes through the point (3,-2) and is perpendicular to a line
whose equation is 2y – 4x =1. Find the equation of / in the form y= mx + c,
where m and c are constants. (3 marks)

19. 2011 Q 12 P1
Three vertices of a parallelogram PQRS are P(-1, -2),Q(8,-5)and R(5,0).
a) On the grid provided below draw the parallelogram PQRS (1 mark)

b) Determine the length of the diagonal QS. (2 marks)

20. 2012 Q13 P1

A line L passes through point (3, 1) and is perpendicular to the line
2y = 4x + 5.
Determine the equation of line L. (3 marks)

21. 2013 Q12 P1

A straight line passes through points (-2, 1) and (6, 3).
Find:
a) equation of the line in the form y = mx + c; (2 marks)
b) the gradient of a line perpendicular to the line in (a) (1 mark)

22. 2014 Q17 P1

A line L passes through (-2, 3) and (-1, 6) and is perpendicular to a line P
at (-1, 6).

(a) Find the equation of L (2marks)

(b) Find the equation of P in the form ax + by = c,where a, b and c
are constants. (2marks)
(c) Given that another line Q is parallel to L and passes through
point (1, 2) find the x and y intercepts of Q (3marks)
(d) Find the point of the intersection of lines P and Q (3marks)

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23. 2015 Q21 P1
(a) A straight line L, whose equation is 3y — 2x = —2 meets the x-axis at R.
Determine the co-ordinates of R. (2 marks)
(b) A second line L2 is perpendicular to L1 at R. Find the equation of L2 in
the form y = mx + c, where m and c are constants. (3 marks)

(c) A third line L3 passes through (—4,1) and is parallel to L2 Find:

(i) the equation of L3 in the form y = mx + c, where m and c are constants
(2 marks)
(ii) the co-ordinates of point S, at which L intersects L (3 marks)

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TRANSFORMATIONS
REFLECTION, ROTATION, TRANSLATION, ENLARGMENT

1. 1989 Q22 P2
(a) O n the grid provided, draw a square (s) with vertices (6, 3), (7, 0) (9, 4)
and (10, 1).Draw also two straight lines AB and AC where the coordinates
of A, B and C are (1,-2), (3, 2) and (0, 1) respectively.

S′ is the image of S under reflection in the line AB and S′′ is the image of S′
under refection in the line AC. Draw S′ and S′′ (5 marks)

(b) Describe the transformation which maps S onto S′′ if the transformation is
(ii) translation (1 mark)
(iii) rotation (2 marks)

2. 1991 Q7 P2
The image of P (0, 2), under an enlargement with a scale factor 3 is P′ (4, 6).
Find the centre of enlargement (3 marks)

3. 1991 Q15 P2
In the figure below A′B′ is the image of AB under rotation. Use geometrical
instruments to locate the centre of rotation for the figure (3 marks)
B

A′ B′

4. 1992 Q3 P1
The points Aʹ (3, 2) and Bʹ (4,-1) are the images of A and B respectively under
a translation.
Given that he coordinates of A are (0, 1) find the coordinates of B.
(3 marks)

5. 1995 Q6 P2
A translation maps a point (1, 2) onto) (-1, 2). What would be the coordinates
of the object whose image is ( -3 , -3) under the same translation? (2 marks)

6. 1999 Q2 P1

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A point (-5, 4) is mapped onto (-1, -1) by a translation. Find the image of
(-4, 5) under the same translation. (3 marks)

7. 1999 Q11 P2
In the figure below triangle ABO represents a part of a school badge. The badge
has as symmetry of order 4 about O. Complete the figures to show the badge.
(3 marks)

C
8. 2000 Q9 P2
A triangle is formed by the coordinates A (2, 1) B (4,1) and C(1,6). It is rotated
clockwise through 900 about the origin. Find the coordinates of this image.
(3 marks)
9. 2001 Q7 P2
A translation maps a point P (3, 2) onto P' (5,-4)
a) Determine the translation vector. (1 marks)

b) A point Q′ is the image of the point (2, 5) under the same translation.
Find the length of P′Q′, leaving the answer in surd form. (2 marks)

10. 2003 Q7 P2
In the figure below, triangle A ′B′ C′ is the image of triangle ABC under a
rotation, centre O.

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By construction, find the label the centre O of the rotation. Hence, determine
the angle of the rotation. (3 marks)

11. 2005 Q4 P2
The diagram below is a part of a figure which has rotational symmetry of
order 4 about O.

(a) Complete the figure (1 mark)

(b) Draw all the lines of symmetry of the completed figure (2 marks)

12. 2006 Q18 P1

On the Cartesian plane below, triangle PQR has vertices P(2, 3), Q ( 1,2) and
R (4,1) while triangles P ″Q ″ R″ has vertices P″ (-2, 3), Q ″ ( -1,2) and R ″ ( -4, 1)

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(a) Describe fully a single transformation which maps triangle PQR onto
triangle P ″Q ″ R″ (2 marks)
(b) On the same plane, draw triangle P′Q′R′, the image of triangle PQR, under
reflection in line y = -x (2 marks)
(c) Describe fully a single transformation which maps triangle P′Q′R′, onto
triangle P″ Q ″ R″ (2 marks)

(d) Draw triangle P ″′Q″′ R″′ such that it can be mapped onto triangle
PQR by a positive quarter turn about ( 0,0) (2 marks)
(e) State all pairs of triangle that are oppositely congruent (2 marks)

13. 2008 Q21 P1

The diagram below shows a triangle ABC with A (3, 4), B (1, 3) and C (2, 1).

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a) Draw A ′B′C′ the image of ABC under a rotation of +900 about (0, 0).
(2 marks)
b) Draw  A″B″C ″ the image of A ′B′C ′under a reflection in the line y=x.
(2 marks)
c) Draw  A″′B″′C″′ the image of ∆ A″B″C″ under a rotation of -900 about
(0, 0) (2 marks)
d) Describe a single transformation that maps ABC onto  A′″B′″C′″
(2 marks)
e) Write down the equations of the lines of symmetry of the quadrilateral
BB″A′′′A′ (2 marks)

14. 2010 Q22 P1

In the figure below, ABCD is a square .Points P, Q, R and S are the midpoints of
AB, BC, CD and DA respectively.

(a).Describe fully:
(i) a reflection that maps triangle QCE onto triangle SDE. (1 mark)
(ii) an enlargement that maps triangle QCE onto triangle SAE.
(2 marks)
(iii) a rotation that maps triangle QCE onto triangle SED. (3 marks)

(b).The triangle ERC is reflected on the line BD. The image of ERC
under the reflection is rotated clockwise through an angle of 900 about P.

Determine the images of R and C:

(i) Under the reflection (2 marks)
(ii) After two successive transformations (2 marks)

15. 2011 Q7 P2
The vertices of a triangle are A (1,2), B(3, 5) and C(4, 1).The coordinates of
C’ the image of C under a translation vector T, are (6, -2).
(a) Determine the translation vector T. (1 mark)
(b) Find the coordinates of A′ and Bʹ under translation vector T. (2 marks)

16. 2012 Q21 P1

The vertices of quadrilateral OPQR are O(0,0), P(2,0), Q(4,2) and R(0,3). The
vertices of its image under a rotation are O'(1, -1), P'(1, -3) Q'(3, -5) an R'(4, -1).

(a) (i) On the grid provided, draw OPQR and its image O'P'Q'R' (2 marks)

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(ii) By construction, determine the centre and angle of rotation. (3 marks)

(b) On the same grid as (a) (i) above, draw O''P''Q''R'', the image of O'P'Q'R'
under a reflection in the line y = x (2 marks)
(c) From the quadrilaterals drawn, state the pairs that are:
(i) Directly congruent; (2 marks)
(ii) Oppositely congruent (2 marks)

17. 2013 Q23 P1

(a) On the grid provided, draw the square whose verticals are A (6, -2),
B (7, -2), C (7, -1) and D (6, -1). (1 mark)
(b) On the same grid, draw:
(i) A BʹCʹDʹ, the image of ABCD, under an enlargement scale factor 3,
centre(9, -4); (3 marks)
(ii) AʹʹBʹʹCʹʹDʹʹ, the image of AʹBʹCʹDʹ, under a reflection in the line x = 0;
(2 marks)
(iii) AʹʹʹBʹʹʹCʹʹʹDʹʹʹ, the image of AʹʹBʹʹCʹʹDʹʹ under a rotation of + 900
about (0,0)
(2 marks)
(c) Describe a single transformation that maps AʹBʹCʹDʹ onto AʹʹʹBʹʹʹCʹʹʹDʹʹʹ
(2 marks)

18. 2014 Q16 P1

Points A (-2, 2) and B (-3, 7) are mapped onto Aʹ (4, -10) and Bʹ (0, 10) by an
enlargement.
Find the scale factor of the enlargement. (3marks)

19. 2015 Q22 P1

On the grid below, an object T and its image T’ are drawn

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a) Find the equation of the mirror lien that maps T onto Tʹ. (1 mark)

b i)Tʹ is mapped onto Tʺ by positive quarter turn about (0,0). Draw Tʺ (2 marks)

ii) Describe a single transformation that maps T onto Tʺ (2 marks)

c) Tʺ is mapped onto Tʺʹ by an enlargement, centre (2,0), scale factor -2 .

Draw Tʺʹ (2 marks)

d) Given that he area of Tʺʹ is 12cm2, calculate the area of Tʺʹ . (3 marks)

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SIMILARITY AND CONGRUENCY
1. 1989 Q15 P2
In the figure below, ABCD IS A cyclic quadrilateral and BC is parallel to AD.
Show that triangle ABX is congruent to triangle DXC. (4 marks)

2. 1990 Q7 P2
In the triangle ABC shown below DE is parallel to BC. If AE = 3cm and EC = 2cm,
determine the ratio of the triangle ADE to that of the triangle ABC. (2 marks)

3. 1991 Q6 P1
In the figure below AD // BC. AC and BD intersect at E. Given that AE: EC = 1:5
and BD =12 cm, calculate the length of DE. (3 marks)
A D

B
C
4. 1992 Q5 P1
In the figure above, triangle ABC is similar to triangle AED and BC // ED. Given
that the ratio AB: AE = 2:5, find the ratio of the area of triangle ABC to that of
the trapezium BCDE.
(3 marks)

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5. 1992 Q21 P1
In the figure given below (not drawn to scale) DC is a tangent to the circle centre O.
AOBC is a straight line.
D

6cm

A C
O
B 4cm

(a) Show that ΔADC is similar to Δ DBC.

(b) Given that BC = 4cm AND DC = 6cm, calculate
(i) the length of AB (3 marks)
(ii) the size of angle ACD (2 marks)

6. 1992 Q15 P2
In the figure below, the chord AB and CD intersect at E. Show that ΔAED is
similar to ΔBEC. (3 marks)
C A
E

7. 1993 Q16 P1
In the triangle ABC below AC=8cm, BC=5cm and angle BCA = 300. Point D
divides BC in the ratio 1:4 and point E divides AC in the ratio 2:3. Find the area
of the quadrilateral ABDE (3 marks)

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8. 1993 Q2 P2
A football tube in the form of a sphere is inflated so that its radius increases
in the ratio of 4:3. Find the ratio in which the volume is increased (2 marks)

9. 1994 Q9 P9
A container of height 30cm has a capacity of 1.5 litres. What is the height of
a similar container of capacity 3.0 m3? (3 marks)

10. 1995 Q7 P2
The ratio of the lengths of the corresponding sides of two similar rectangular
water tanks is 3:5. The volume of the smaller tank is 8.1 m3. Calculate the
volume of the larger tank. (3 marks)

11. 1996 Q10 P2

Pieces of soap are packed in a cuboid container measuring 36cm by 24cm by
18cm. Each piece of soap is similar to the container. If the linear scale factor
between the container and the soap is 1/6, find the volume of each piece of soap.
(2 marks)
12. 2002 Q15 P2
In the diagram below, ABCD is a trapezium with AB parallel to DC. The
diagonals AC and BD intersect at E.

a) Giving reasons show that triangle ABE is similar to triangle CDE. (2 marks)
b) Giving that AB = 3DC, find the ratio of DB to EB. (2 marks)

13. 2005 Q8 P2
The volumes of two similar solid cylinders are 4752 cm3 and 1408 cm3. If
the area of the curved surface of the smaller cylinder is 352 cm2, find the
area of the curved surface of the larger cylinder. (4 marks)

14. 2008 Q9 P2
In the figure below, angles BAC and ADC are equal. Angle ACD is a right angle.
The ratio of the sides AC: BC = 4:3

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Given that the area of triangle ABC is 24cm2,find the area of triangle ACD

(4 marks)

15. 2009 Q21 P1

A glass in the form of a frustum of a cone is represented by the diagram below.
The glass contains water to a height of 9 cm. The bottom of the glass is a circle of
radius 2 cm while the surface of the water is a circle of radius 6 cm.

(a) Calculate the volume of the water in the glass. (3 marks)

(b) When a special marble is submerged into the water in the glass, the water
level rises by 1 cm.
Calculate :
(i) the volume of the marble (4 marks)
(ii) the radius of the marble (3 marks)

16. 2011 Q 16 P1
A small cone of height 8 cm is cut off from a bigger cone to leave a frustum
of height 16cm. If the volume of the smaller cone is 160cm3, find the volume
of the frustum (3 marks)

17. 2013 Q24 P1

The figure below represents a cone of height 12 cm and base radius of 9 cm
from which a similar smaller cone is removed, leaving a conical hole of height 4 cm.

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a) Calculate:
i. The base radius of the conical hole; (2 marks)
ii. The volume, in terms of π, of the smaller cone that was removed . (2 marks)

b) (i) Determine the slant height of the original cone. (1 mark)

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TRIGONOMETRY
1. 1989 Q4 P1
When the angle of elevation of the sun is 580, a vertical pole casts a shadow
of length 5m on a horizontal ground. Find the height of the pole (2 marks)

2. 1990 Q12 P1
The angle of elevation of the top of a cliff from point P is 450. From a point Q
which is 10m from P towards the foot of the cliff, the angle of elevation is 480.
Calculate the height of the cliff. (4 marks)

3. 1990 Q12 P2
Towns A,B,C and D are such that A is 15km north of B,C is 8km east of B,D
is directly east of A and on a bearing 0600 from C. Find the distance between
towns A and d, giving your answer to two significant figures (3 marks)

4. 1994 Q23 P2
A flag 10m long is fixed on top of a tower. From a point on horizontal
ground, the angles of elevation of the top and bottom of the flag post are
400 and 330 respectively.
Calculate

(a) The height of the tower (6 marks)

(b) The shortest distance from the point on the ground to the top of
the flag post
(2 marks)
5. 1996 Q4 P1
A man walks directly from point A towards the foot of a tall building 240m away.
After covering 180m, he observes that the angle of the top of the building is 450.
Determine the angle of elevation of the top of the building from A.
(3 marks)
6. 1997 Q5 P1
There are two signposts A and B on the edge of the road. A is 400 m to the west
of b. A tree is on a bearing of 0600 from A and a bearing of 3300 from B

Calculate the shortest distance of the tree from the edge of the road.
(3 marks)
7. 1998 Q6 P1
A point A is directly below a window. Another point B is 15 m from A
and at the same horizontal level. From B angle of elevation of the top of the
bottom of the window is 300 and the angle of elevation of the top of the window
is 350.
Calculate the vertical distance.
(a) From A to the top of the window (1 mark)
(b) From A to the bottom of the window (1 mark)
(c) From the bottom to top of the window (1 mark)

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8. 1998 Q4 P2
4
In the figure below ABC = 300, < ACB = <ADC= 900, AD = 3 √3 cm and DC = 4cm

Calculate the length of (a) AC (2 marks)

(b) BC (2 marks)

9. 2000 Q7 P1
Given that sin θ = 2/3 and θ is an acute angle find:
(a) Tan θ giving your answer in surd form (2 marks)

10. 2001 Q20 P2

An electric pylon is 30m high. A point S on top of the pylon is vertically above
another point on the ground . Points A and B are on the same horizontal ground
as R. Point A is due south of the pylon and the angle of elevation of S from A is 260.
Point B is due west of the pylon and the angle of elevation of S from B is 320.

a) Distance from A and B (6 marks)

b) Bearing B from A (2 marks)

11. 2003 Q12 P1

Two straight paths are perpendicular to each other at point p. One path
meets a straight road at point A while the other meets the same road at B.
Given that PA is 50 metres while PB is 60 metres. Calculate the obtuse angle
made by path PB and the road. (3 marks)

12. 2005 Q7 P1
Given that sin (90 – x)0 = 0.8, where x is an acute angle, find without using
mathematical tables the value of tan x0. (2 marks)

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13. 2006 Q11 P1
The diagram below represents a school gate with double shutters. The
shutters are such opened through an angle of 630.
The edges of the gate, PQ and RS are each 1.8 m

Calculate the shortest distance QS, correct to 4 significant figures

(3 marks)

14. 2007 Q8 P1
2√ 5
Given that x is an acute angle and cos 𝑥 = cos x = , find without using
5
mathematical tables or a calculator, tan ( 90 – x)0. (2 marks)

15. 2007 Q15 P1

Points L and M are equidistant from another point K. The bearing of
L from K is 3300. The bearing of M from K is 2200.Calculate the bearing of M
from L (3 marks)

16. 2007 Q18 P1

In the diagram below PA represents an electricity post of height 9.6 m. QB and RC
represents two storey buildings of heights 15.4 m and 33.4 m respectively. The
angle of depression of A from B is 5.50 While the angle of elevation of C from B is
30.50 and BC = 35m.

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(a) Calculate, to the nearest metre, the distance AB (2 marks)
(b) By scale drawing find,
(i) The distance AC in metres (5 marks)
(ii)  BCA and hence determine the angle of depression of A from C
(3 marks)

17. 2008 Q20 P1

The diagram below represents two vertical watch-towers AB and CD on a level
ground. P and Q are two points on a straight road BD. The height of the tower AB
is 20m road a BD is 200m.

20 M C

B
P Q D
a) A car moves from B towards D. At point P, the angle of depression of the car
from point A is 11.30. Calculate the distance BP to 4 significant figures.
(2 marks)
b) If the car takes 5 seconds to move from P to Q at an average speed
of 36 km/h, calculate the angle of depression of Q from A to 2
decimal places (3 marks)

c) Given that QC=50.9m, calculate;

(i) The height of CD in meters to 2 decimal places; (2 marks)
(ii) The angle of elevation of A from C to the nearest degree. (3 marks)

18. 2009 Q12 P1

An electric pole is supported to stand vertically on a level ground by a tight wire.
The wire is pegged at a distance of 6 metres from the foot of the pole as shown.

wire

6 metres

The angle which the wire makes with the ground is three times the angle it
makes with the pole. Calculate the length of the wire to the nearest centimetre.
(3 marks)

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19. 2010 Q13 P1
Given that 3θ0 is an acute angle and sin 3θ0,find the value of θ. (3 marks)

20. 2011 Q5 P1
Given that sin (x + 60)0 = cos (2x), find tan (x + 60)0 (3 marks)

21. 2012 Q10 P1

3
Given that tan 𝑥 0 = , find the cos (90 − 𝑥)0 giving the answer to 4
7
Significant figures (2 marks)

22. 2015 Q5 P1
A piece of wire is bent into the shape of an isosceles triangle. The base angles
are each 48° and the perpendicular height to the base is 6 cm. Calculate,
correct to one decimal place, the length of the wire. (3 marks)

23. 2015 Q20 P1

In the figure below, AC = 12cm, AD =15 cm and B is point on AC,
<BAD= DB=300.

Calculate , correct to one decimal place

a) The length of CD: (3 marks)
b) The length of AB (3 marks)
c) The area of triangle BCD (2 marks)
d) The size of <BDC (2 marks)

24. 2015 Q15 P2

Solve the equation sin ( ½ x – 300) = cos x for 0 < x < 900. (2 marks)

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MEASUREMENT
1. 1989 Q9 P1
The base of an open rectangular tank is 3.2m by 2.8m. Its height is 2.4m. It
contains water to a depth of 1.8m. Calculate the surface area inside the tank that is
not in contact with water. (2 marks)

2. 1989 Q16 P2
The solid shown in the figure below consists of a cylinder and a hemisphere of
equal diameters of 14cm. If the height of the solid is 22cm, find its volume.
(4 marks)

3. 1990 Q9 P1
The figure below shows a sector of a circle. If the area of the sector is 30.8cm2,
Calculate the length of the arc AB. (Take 𝜋 to be 22/7) (3 marks)

4. 1990 Q11 P1
The figure below shows a vertical section of a hemispherical pot centre O.
The radius OA of the pot is 20cm. If the pot contains water to a depth of
8cm, calculate the diameter of the water surface. (3 marks)
O

20cm
B A

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5. 1990 Q14 P1
The figure below shows an equilateral triangle ABC inscribed in a circle of
radius 6cm. Calculate the length of the side of the triangle. (2 marks)

C
6. 1990 Q13 P2
A metal bar 14cm long and 5cm in diameter is melted down and cast
into circular washers. Each washer has an external diameter of 4cm and
an internal diameter of 11/2cm and is 0.3cm thick. Calculate the number
of complete washers obtained.
(Take 𝜋 22/7) (4 marks)

7. 1991 Q12 P1
A cone of radius 20cm has a slant height of 52cm. A frustum is cut off from
this cone Such that its top is 10cm and its slant height is 26cm (see
diagram below).
Calculate the area of the curved surface of the frustum.
(3 marks)

52cm
10cm

26cm

20cm

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8. 1991 Q17 P2
The metal solid shown in the figure below is made up by joining a hemisphere
of radius 7cm to a cylinder of the same radius. The mass and density of the
solid are 40kg and 17.5gm per cm3, respectively. Calculate the height of the
cylindrical part of the solid. (8 marks)

9. 1992 Q4 P1
The two diagonals of a parallelogram are 20cm and 28.8cm. The acute angle
between them is 620.Calculate the of the parallelogram. (3 marks)

10. 1992 Q15 P1

In the figure below, ABCD is a square of side 4cm. BXD and BYD are arcs of
circles centres A and C respectively. Calculate the area of the shaded region.
(Take 𝜋 3.14) (4 marks)

11. 1992 Q17 P1

A room is to be constructed such that its external length and breadth are 7.5m
and 5.3m respectively. The thickness of the wall is 15cm, and its height is
3.3cm. A total space of 5m3 is to be left out in the walls for a door and
windows.
(a) Calculate the volume of the material needed to construct the walls
without the door and the windows. (4 marks)

(b) The block used in constructing the walls are 45 cm x 20cm x 15 cm.
0.225m3 of cement mixture is used to join the blocks. Calculate the
number of blocks needed to construct the room. (4 marks)

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12. 1992 Q22 P1
The diagram alongside shows a model of a cylindrical water tank. The total
surface area of the model is 0.4m2 and the surface area of the actual tank is
14.4m2.

(i) If the height of the tank is 2.1m, find the height of the model. (4 marks)

ii) If the capacity of the model is 23.15litres, find the capacity of the tank to
the nearest litre. (4 marks)

13. 1992 Q20 P2

A swimming pool 30m long is 1m deep at its shallow end 4m deep at its deep
end. The pool is 14m wide.

(a) Find the volume of water, in cubic metres, when the pool is full. (4 marks)

(b) A circular pipe of diameter 14cm is used to empty the swimming pool.
Water flows through pipe at a rate of 5m per sec.
Calculate the time it would take, to the nearest minute, to empty the pool.
(4 marks)
14. 1993 Q7 P1
The figure alongside shows the cross-section of a metal bar of length
40mm.The ends are equal semi-circles.

Determine its mass if the density of the metal is 8.8 g/cm3 (Take 𝜋 = 22/7)
(4 marks)

15. 1993 Q15 P1

A rostum is made by cutting off the upper part of a cone along a plane parallel

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2
to the base at 3 up the height. What fraction the volume of the cone does the
rostum represent?
(3 marks)

16. 1993 Q3 P2
A plug is made up of a hemi-spherical cap of radius 4.2cm, and a cylinder of
diameter 3.5cm and height 5.0cm as shown in the diagram alongside.
Calculate the volume of the plug. (3 marks)

17. 1993 Q9 P2
The cross-section of a head of a bolt is the form of a regular hexagon as
shown in the figure below. Determine the area of the cross-section (4 marks)

18. 1993 Q10 P2

To fence one side of his farm, a farmer requires 25 posts placed 4m apart.
How many posts would he require if the posts were 3m apart? (2 marks)

19. 1995 Q9 P2
A solid cone of height 12cm and radius 9cm is recast into a soli sphere.
Calculate the surface area of the sphere (4 marks)

20. 1995 Q 4 P2
Calculate volume of a prism whose length is 25cm and whose cross- section
is an equilateral triangles of 3 cm (3 marks)

21. 1995 Q 14 P2
Two containers, one cylindrical and one spherical, have the same volume.
The height of the cylindrical container is 50 cm and its radius is 11 cm.
Find the radius of the spherical container. (2 marks)

22. 1996 Q 7 P2
In the figure below BAD and CBD are right angled triangles.

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Find the length of AB (4 marks)

23. 1997 Q 6 P1
A cylinder of radius 14 cm contains water. A metal solid cone of base radius 7 cm
and height 18cm is submerged into the water. Find the change in height of the
water level in the cylinder. (4 marks)

24. 1997 Q 16 P2
A metal bar is a hexagonal prism whose length is 30 cm. The cross – section is a
regular hexagon with each side of the length 6 cm.
Find
(i) the area of the hexagonal face (3 marks)
(ii) the volume of the metal bar (2 marks)

25. 1998 Q 11 P1
A cylindrical container of radius 15cm has some water in it. When a solid is
submerged into the water, the water level rises by 1.2 cm.
(a) Find, the volume of the water displaced by the solid leaving your
answer in terms of Л (2 marks)
(b) If the solid is a circular cone of height 9 cm, calculate the radius of
the cone to 2 decimal places. (2 marks)

26. 1998 Q 21 P1
A cylindrical can has a hemisphere cap. The cylinder and the hemisphere
are of radius 3.5 cm. The cylindrical part is 20 cm tall. Take Л to be 22/7
Calculate
(a) the area of the circular base (2 marks)
(b) the area of the curved cylindrical surface (2 marks)
(c) the area of the curved hemisphere surface (2 marks)
(d) The total surface area. (2 marks)

27. 1998 Q 11 P2
A balloon, in the form of a sphere of radius 2 cm, is blown up so that the volume
increase by 237.5%. Determine the new volume of balloon in terms of 𝜋
(2 marks)
28. 1999 Q4 P1
An open right circular cone has a base radius of 5 cm and a perpendicular
height of 12 cm. (2 marks)

29. 1999 Q 8 P1
A girl wanted to make a rectangular octagon of side 14cm. She made it from a
square piece of a card of size y cm by cutting off four isosceles triangles whose
equal sides were x cm each, as shown below.

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(a) Write down an expression for the octagon in terms of x and y (1 mark)
(b) Find the value of x (1 mark)
(c) Find the area of the octagon (1 mark)

30. 1999 Q 13 P1
An artisan has 63 kg of metal of density 7, 000kg/m3. He intends to use to make
a rectangular pipe with external dimensions 12 cm by 15 cm and internal
dimensions 10 cm by 12 cm.
Calculate the length of the pipe in metres (4 marks)

31. 1999 Q 23 P1
The diagram below shows a cross- section of a bottle. The lower part ABC is
a hemisphere of radius 5.2 cm and the upper part is a frustrum of a cone.
The top radius of the frustrum is one third of the radius of the hemisphere.
The hemisphere part is completely filled water as shown in the diagram.

When the container is inverted, the water now completely fills only the
frustrum part.
(a) Determine the height of the frustrum part (5 marks)
(b) Find the surface area of the frustrum part of the bottle. (3 marks)

32. 2000 Q 9 P1
The figure below shows an octagon obtained by cutting off four congruent
triangles from rectangle measuring 19.5 by 16.5 cm (3 marks)

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Calculate the area of the octagon

33. 2000 Q 20 P1
A solid made up of a conical frustrum and a hemisphere top as shown in
the figure below. The dimensions are as indicated in the figure.

(a) Find the area of

(i) The circular base (1 mark)
(ii) The curved surface of the frustrum (3 marks)
(iii) The hemisphere surface (2 marks)

(b) A similar solid has a total area of 81.51 cm2. Determine the radius of its base.
(2 marks)

34. 2000 Q 3 P2
Two sides of a triangle are 5 cm each and the angle between them is 1200.
Calculate the area of the triangle. (3 marks)

35. 2000 Q 4 P2
A piece of wire P cm long is bent to form the shape shown in the figure below

The figure consists of a semicircular arc of radius r cm and two perpendicular

sides of length x cm each. Express x in terms of P and r, (1 mark)

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Hence show that the area A cm2, of the figures is given by
1
A = ½ 𝜋 r2 + 8 (p - 𝜋r)2 (2 marks)

36. 2001 Q 2 P1
The figure below represents a kite ABCD, AB = AD = 15 cm. The diagonals BD
and AC intersect at O. AC = 30 cm and AO = 12 cm.

Find the area of the kite (3 marks)

37. 2001 Q 4 P1
The diagram below represents a solid made up of a hemisphere mounted on
a cone. The radius of the cone and the radius of the hemisphere is each 6 cm and
the height of the cone is 9 cm.

Calculate the volume of the solid. Take 𝜋 as 22/7 (3 marks)

38. 2001 Q 12 P2
The figure represents a pentagon prism of length 12cm. The cross – section is
a regular pentagon, centre O, whose dimensions are shown.

Find the total surface area of the prism. (4 marks)

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39. 2001 Q 23 P2
The diagram below represents a pillar made of cylindrical and regular
hexagonal parts. The diameter and height of the cylindrical part are 1.4m
and 1m respectively. The side of the regular hexagonal face is 0.4m and
height of hexagonal part is 4m.

a) Calculate the volume of the:

i) Cylindrical part (2 marks)
ii) Hexagonal part (3 marks)
b) An identical pillar is to be built but with a hollow centre cross – section
area of 0.25m2. The density of the material to be used to make the pillar
is 2.4g/cm3.
Calculate the mass of the new pillar. (3 marks)

40. 2002 Q 6 P1
The figure below is a polygon in which AB = CD = FA = 12cm BC = EF = 4cm and
BAF =- CDE = 1200. AD is a line of symmetry.

Find the area of the polygon. (4 marks)

41. 2002 Q 11 P1
The internal and external diameters of a circular ring are 6cm and 8cm
respectively.
Find the volume of the ring if its thickness is 2 millimeters.
(3 marks)

42. 2002 Q 3 P2
A triangular flower garden has an area of 28m2. Two of its edges are 14 metres
and 8 metres. Find the angle between the two edges. (2 marks)

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43. 2003 Q 10 P1
The length of a solid prism is 10cm. Its cross section is an equilateral triangle
of side 6cm. Find the total surface area of the prism. (3 marks)

44. 2003 Q 11 P1
A wire of length 21cm is bent to form the shape down in the figure below,
ABCD is a rectangle and AEB is an equilateral triangle. (2 marks)

1
If the length of AD of the rectangle is 12 times its width, calculate the
width of the rectangle.

45. 2003 Q 13 P1
The length of a hollow cylindrical pipe is 6metres. Its external diameter is
11cm and has a thickness of 1cm. Calculate the volume in cm3 of the
material used to make the pipe. Take 𝜋 as 3.142. (3 marks)

46. 2003 Q 17 P1
A rectangular tank whose internal dimensions are 1.7m by 1.4m by 2.2m is
three – quarters full of milk.

a) Calculate the volume of milk in the tank in cubic metres.

b) The milk is to be packed in small packets. Each packet is in the shape of a right
pyramid on an equilateral triangular base of side 16cm.
The height of each packet is 13.6cm. Full packets obtained are sold at
Sh.25 per packet.
Calculate
i) The volume of milk in cubic centimetres, contained in each
packet to 2 significant figures (4 marks)
ii) The exact amount that will be realized from the sale of all the
packets of milk. (2 marks)
47. 2003 Q 9 P2
The surface area of a solid hemisphere is radius r cm is 75𝜋 cm2. Find the
volume of the solid, leaving your answer in terms of 𝜋. (4 marks)

48. 2004 Q 13 P1

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The figure below represents a hexagon of side 5cm.

Find the volume of the prism. (4 marks)

49. 2004 Q 19 P1
The figure below represents a model of a solid structure in the shape of a
frustum of a cone with hemispherical top. The diameter of the
hemispherical part is 70cm and is equal to the diameter of the top of the
frustum. The frustum has a base diameter of 28cm and slant height of 60cm.

Calculate
a) The area of hemispherical surface. (2 marks)
b) The slant height of the cone from which the frustum was cut (2 marks)
c) The total surface area of the model. (4 marks)

50. 2005 Q 3 P1
The area of a rhombus is 60cm2. Given that one of its diagonals is 15 cm long,
Calculate the perimeter of the rhombus (3 marks)

51. 2005 Q 12 P1
A cylindrical piece of wood of radius 4.2 cm and length 150 cm is cut length into
two equal pieces. Calculate the surface area of one piece
22
(Take 𝜋 as ) (4 marks)
7
52. 2005 Q 19 P1
The diagram below represents a rectangular swimming pool 25m long and
10m wide. The sides of the pool are vertical.

The floor of the pool slants uniformly such that the depth at the shallow

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end is 1m at the deep end is 2.8 m.
(a) Calculate the volume of water required to completely fill the pool.
(3 marks)
(b) Water is allowed into the empty pool at a constant rate through an inlet pipe.
It takes 9 hours for the water to just cover the entire floor of the pool.
Calculate:
(i) The volume of the water that just covers the floor of the pool (2 marks)
(ii) The time needed to completely fill the remaining of the pool. (3 marks)

53. 2006 Q 19 P1
The diagram below (not drawn to scale) represents the cross- section of a
solid prism of height 8.0 cm (3 marks)

(a) Calculate the volume of the prism (3 marks)

(b) Given that the density of the prism is 5.75g/cm3, calculate its mass in
grams (2 marks)
(c) A second prism is similar to first one but is made of a different
materials. The volume of the second prism is 246.24cm3
(i) Calculate the area of the cross section of the second prism (3 marks)

(ii) Given that the ratio of the mass of the first to that of the second is
2: 5, find the density of the second prism (2 marks)

54. 2006 Q 23 P1
The figure below is a model representing a storage container. The model whose
total height is 15cm is made up of a conical top, a hemispherical bottom and the
middle part is cylindrical. The radius of the base of the cone and that of the
hemisphere are each 3cm. The height of the cylindrical part is 8cm.

(a) Calculate the external surface area of the model (4 marks)

(b) The actual storage container has a total height of 6 metres. The outside
of the actual storage container is to be painted. Calculate the amount
of paint required if an area of 20m2 requires 0.75 litres of the paint (6 marks)
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55. 2007 Q 7 P1
A square brass plate is 2 mm thick and has a mass of 1.05 kg. The density of
the brass is 8.4 g/cm3. Calculate the length of the plate in centimetres (3 marks)

56. 2007 Q 9 P1
A cylindrical solid of radius 5 cm and length 12 cm floats lengthwise in water
to a depth of 2.5 cm as shown in the figure below.

Calculate the area of the curved surface of the solid in contact with water,
correct to 4 significant figures (4 marks)

57. 2007 Q 22 P1
Two cylindrical containers are similar. The larger one has internal
cross- section area of 45cm2 and can hold 0.945 litres of liquid when
full. The smaller container has internal cross- section area of 20cm2

(a) Calculate the capacity of the smaller container (4 marks)

(b) The larger container is filled with juice to a height of 13 cm. Juice is
then drawn from is and emptied into the smaller container until the
depths of the juice in both containers are equal.
Calculate the depths of juice in each container (2 marks)

(c) On fifth of the juice in the larger container in part (b) above is further
drawn and emptied into the smaller container. Find the difference in
the depths of the juice in the two containers. (4 marks)

58. 2008 Q 4 P1
Mapesa travelled by train from Butere to Nairobi. The train left Butere on a
Sunday at 23 50 hours and travelled for 7 hours 15 minutes to reach Nakuru.
After a 45 minutes stop in Nakuru, the train took 5 hours 40 minutes to
reach Nairobi.
Find the time, in the 12 hours clock system and the day Mapesa arrived
in Nairobi. (2 marks)

59. 2008 Q 7 P1
A liquid spray of mass 384g is packed in a cylindrical container of internal
radius 3.2cm. Given that the density of the liquid is 0.6g/cm3, calculate to
2 decimal places the height of the liquid in the container. (3 marks)

60. 2008 Q 9 P1
A solid metal sphere of radius 4.2 cm was melted and the molten material
used to make a cube. Find to 3 significant figures the length of the side of
the cube.

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(3 marks)
61. 2008 Q 13 P1
A rectangular and two circular cut-outs of metal sheet of negligible
thickness are used to make a closed cylinder. The rectangular cut-out has
a height of 18cm.
Each circular cut-out has a radius of 5.2cm. Calculate in terms of , the
surface area of the cylinder (3 marks)

62. 2008 Q 22 P1
The diagram below represents a conical vessel which stands vertically.
The which stands vertically. The vessels contains water to a depth of
22
30cm. The radius of the surface in the vessel is 21cm. (Take = ).
7

21cm

30cm

a) Calculate the volume of the water in the vessels in cm3

b) When a metal sphere is completely submerged in the water, the level

of the water in the vessels rises by 6cm.
Calculate:
(i) The radius of the new water surface in the vessel; (2 marks)

(ii) The volume of the metal sphere in cm3 (3 marks)

(iii) The radius of the sphere. (3 marks)

63. 2009 Q 6 P1
The figure below represents a plot of land ABCD such that AB = 85 m,
BC= 75m, CD = 60m, DA=50m and angle ACB=90◦

Determine the area of the plot in hectares correct to two decimal places.
(4 marks)

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64. 2009 Q 7 P1
A watch which loses a half minute every hour was set to reach the correct
time at 05 45h on Monday. Determine the time in the 12 hour system, the
watch will show on the watch will show on the following Friday at 1945h.
(3 marks)
65. 2010 Q 14 P1
A cylindrical solid whose radius and height are equal has a surface area of
154 cm2. Calculate its diameter, correct to 2 decimal places. (Take  =3.142).
(3 marks)
66. 2010 Q 15 P1
The figure below shows two sectors in which CD and EF are arcs of
concentric circles ,centre O. Angle COD =2 radians and CE=DF= 5cm.

If the perimeter of the shape CDFE is 24 cm, calculate the length of OC.

67. 2010 Q 18 P1
A carpenter constructed a closed wooden box with internal
Measurements 1.5 metres long,0.8 metres wide and 0.4 metres high. The
wood used in constructing the box was 10 cm thick and had a density of 0.6
g/cm3.
a). Determine the:
(i) Volume in cm3,of the wood used in constructing the box (4 marks)
(ii) Mass of the box in kilograms, correct to 1 decimal place. (2 marks)

b). Identical cylindrical tins of diameter 10 cm, height 20 cm with a mass

of 120 g each were packed in the box.
Calculate the:
(i) Maximum number of tins that were packed. (2 marks)
(ii) Total mass of the box with the tins. (2 marks)

68. 2011 Q 2 P1
The diagonal of a rectangular garden measures 111/4m while its width
3
measures 64 m. Calculate the perimeter of the garden. (2 marks)

69. 2011 Q 7 P1
The external length, width and height of an open rectangular container are
41 cm, 21 cm and 15.5cm respectively. The thickness of the material
making the container is 5mm. If the container has 8 litres of water, calculate
the internal height above the water level. (4 marks)

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70. 2011 Q 17 P1
A solid consists of a cone and a hemisphere. The common diameter of the
Cone and the hemisphere is 12cm and the slanting height of the cone is
10cm.
a) Calculate correct to two decimal places;
i) The surface area of the solid; (3 marks)
ii) The volume of the solid. (4 marks)

b) If the density of the material used to make the solid is 1.3g/cm3, calculate
its mass in kilograms. (3 marks)

71. 2012 Q4 P1
In the parallelogram PQRS shown below, PQ=8cm and angle SPQ = 300
S R

300

P 8cm Q

If the area of the parallelogram is 24cm3, find its perimeter. (3 marks)

72. 2012 Q15 P1

The figure below represents a solid cone with a cylindrical hole drilled into
it. The radius of the cone is 10.5cm an its vertical height is 15cm.The hole
has a diameter of 7cm and depth of 8cm.

Calculate the volume of the solid. (3 marks)

73. 2012 Q18 P1

The figure below represents a solid cuboid ABCDEFGH with a rectangular
base.AC = 13cm, BC = 5cm and CH = 15cm.

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(a) Determine the length of AB. (1 mark)

(b) Calculate the surface area of the cuboid (3 marks)

(c) Given that the density of the material used to make the cuboid is
7.6g/cm3, calculate its mass in kilograms. (4 marks)

(d) Determine the number of such cuboids that can fit exactly in a container
measuring 1.5m by 1.2m by 1m. (2 marks)

74. 2013 Q7 P1
Chelimo’s clock loses 15 seconds every hour. She sets the correct time on the
clock at 0700h on a Monday. Determine the time shown on the clock when
the correct time was 1900h on Wednesday the same week. (3 marks)

75. 2013 Q14 P1

A cylindrical pipe 2 ½ metres long has an internal diameter of 21 millimetres
and an external diameter of 35 millimetres. The density of the material that
makes the pipe is 1.25 g/cm3.
22
Calculate the mass of mass of the pipe in kilograms. (Take π = 7 ). (4 marks)

76. 2013 Q15 P1

The figure below represents a pentagonal prism of length 12 cm.The
cross-section is a regular pentagon of side 5 cm.

12cm
5cm

Calculate the surface area of the prism correct to 4 significant figures. (4 marks)

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77. 2014 Q3 P1
The mass of solid cone of radius 14cm and height 18cm is 4.62kg.
find its density in g/cm3 (3marks)

78. 2014 Q13 P1

The figure below shows a rectangular container of dimensions 40cm by 25cm
by 90cm. a cylindrical pipe of radius 7.5cm is fitted in the container as shown.

Water is poured into the container in the space outside the pipe such that the
water level is 80% the height of the container. Calculate the amount of the water,
in litres, in the container in 3 significant figures. (4marks)

79. 2014 Q14 P1

A minor arc of a circle subtends an angle of 1050 at the centre of the circle. If
the radius of the circle is 8.4cm, find the length of the major arc
22
(take = 7 ) (3marks)

80. 2015 Q3 P1
The volume of a cube is 1728 cm3. Calculate, correct to 2 decimal places,
the length of the diagonal of a face of the cube. (3 marks)

81. 2015 Q23 P1

The figure below represents a conical flask. The flask consists of a cylindrical
part and a frustum of a cone. The diameter of the base is 10cm while that of the
neck is 2 cm. the vertical height of the flask is 12cm.

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Calculate, correct to 1 decimal place
a) The slant height of the frustum part (2 marks)

b) The slant height of the smaller cone that was cut off to make the
frustum part (2 marks)
c) The external surface area of the flask. (Take π = 3.142) (6 marks)

82. 2015 Q3 P2
An arc 11 cm long, subtends an angle of 70° at the centre of a circle. Calculate
the length, correct to one decimal place, of a chord that subtends an angle of 90°
at the centre of the same circle. (4 marks)

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ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
1. 1989 Q2 P1
Factorize completely a2 – 15ab + 36b2 (2 marks)

2. 1990 Q3 P1
Simplify (3 marks)

(6𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏) − 7𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑏)

2𝑎2 − 2𝑏 2
3. 1991 Q8 P2
𝑎 𝑏
Simplify + (3 marks)
2(𝑎+𝑏) 2(𝑎−𝑏)

4. 1992 Q6 P1
If the expression 25y2 – 70y + d is a perfect square, where d is a constant,
find the value of d. (3 marks)

5. 1993 Q1 P1
Factorize 2x2 y2 – 5xy - 12 (3 marks)

6. 1993 Q14 P2
𝑥−2 2𝑥+20
Simplify + (4 marks)
𝑥+2 𝑥 2 −4

7. 1994 Q 2 P1
Simplify 28x2 + 3x – 1 (2 marks)

8. 1995 Q 2 P1
Simplify (3 marks)
2x − 2 x −1
÷
6 x − x − 12
2
2x − 3

9. 1995 Q 8 P2
Simplify completely
3x 2 − 1 2 x + 1
−
x2 − 1 x + 1
10. 1996 Q 2 P1
Factorize completely
3x2 – 2xy – y2 (2 marks)

11. 1997 Q 2 P1
Find the greatest common factor of x3y2 and 4xy4. Hence factorize
completely the expression x3 y2 – 4xy4 (3 marks)

12 1998 Q 2 P1
Factorize a2 – b2
Hence find the exact value of 25572 - 25472 (2 marks)

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13. 1999 Q 1b P1
Simplify the expression
5a – 4b = 2 [a- (2b + c)] (2 marks)

14. 1999 Q 15 P1
By substituting y for (2-a) or otherwise simplify the expression
(x + 2 –a)2 + (2 – a-x)2 – 2(x- 2 + a) (x + 2 – a). (3 marks)
Give your answer in terms of a and as a product of two squares.

15. 1999 Q 22 P1
If x2 + y2 = 29 and x + y = 3
(a) Determine the values of
(i) x2 + 2xy + y2 (1 mark)
(ii) 2xy (1 mark)
(iii) x2 – 2xy + y2 (1 mark)
(iv) x–y
(b) Find the value of x and y (3 marks)

16. 2000 Q 2 P1
3𝑎2 +4𝑎𝑏+𝑏
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
4𝑎2 +3𝑎𝑏−𝑏2

17. 2001 Q 6 P1
3x 2 − 4 xy − y 2
Simplify the expression
9 x2 − y2
18. 2002 Q 2 P1
Simplify: (x + 2y)2 – (x- 2y)2 (3 marks)

19. 2002 Q 11 P2
4x2 − y2
Simply the expression
2 x 2 − 7 xy + 3 y 2
20. 2003 Q2 P1
1 2 1 2
Simplify the expression (𝑎 + 𝑏) − (𝑎 − 𝑏) (3 marks)

21. 2004 Q 3 P1
2𝑎2 − 3𝑎𝑏−2𝑏2
Simplify the expression
4𝑎2 −𝑏2

22. 2005 Q 4 P1
9𝑡 2 − 25𝑎2
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
6𝑡 2 +19𝑎𝑡+15𝑎2

23. 2006 Q 3 P1
𝑝2 +2𝑝𝑞+𝑞 2
Simplify (4 marks)
𝑝3 −𝑝𝑞 2 +𝑝2 𝑞−𝑞 3

24. 2007 Q 3 P1
Expand the expression
( x2 – y2) ( x2 + y2) ( x4 – y4) (2 marks)
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25. 2007 Q 6 P1
15𝑎2 𝑏−10𝑎𝑏2
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
3𝑎2 −5𝑎𝑏+2𝑏2

26. 2008 Q 3 P1
a 4 − b4
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
a 3 − ab2
27. 2009 Q 8 P1
12 x 2 + ax − 6a 2
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
9 x 2 − 4a 2
28. 2010 Q 12 P1
𝑥 2 +𝑥−4𝑥𝑦−4𝑥
Simplify the expression (3 marks)
(𝑥+1) (4𝑥𝑦 2 −𝑥𝑦)

29. 2011 Q 6 P1
4𝑥−9𝑥 3
Simplify the expression: (3 marks)
3𝑥 2 −4𝑥−4

30. 2011 Q 8 P1
Factorise
2x2y2 – 5xy – 12 (2 marks)

31. 2012 Q3 P1
Expand and simplify the expression
(2x2 – 3y3)2 + 12x2y3 (2 marks)

32. 2013 Q4 P1
Simplify the expression:
16m2 −9n2
(3 marks)
4m2 mn−3n2

33. 2014 Q8 P1
Expand and simplify (x + 2y)2 – (2y – 3)2 (2marks)

34. 2015 Q12 P1

4 𝑎2 +2𝑏−4𝑐
Given that a = 3 , b = 5 and c = - ½ evaluate 1 2 (3 marks)
(𝑏 −3𝑎)
4

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LINEAR INEQUALITIES
1. 1999 Q 2 P2
Find the range of x if 2 ≤ 3 – x < 5 (2 marks)

2. 2000 Q 6 P2
Find all the integral value of x which satisfy the inequalities
2 (2-x) < 4x -9 < x + 11 (3 marks)

3. 2001 Q 16 P2
The diagram below shows the graph of:
3 3
y = 10x – 2 , 5x + 6y= 30 and x= 2

By shading the unwanted region, determine and label the region R that satisfies
3 3
the three inequalities. y ≥ x – , 5x + 6y ≥ 30 and x ≥ 2 (4 marks)
10 2

4. 2002 Q 8 P1
Solve the following inequalities and represent the solutions on a single number line:
3 – 2x < 5
4 – 3x ≥ -8 (3 marks)

5. 2003 Q 12 P2
A mixed school can accommodate a maximum of 440 students. The number
of girls must be at least 120 while the number of boys must exceed 150.
Taking x to represent the number of boys and y the number of girls, write
down all the inequalities representing the information above. (3 marks)

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6. 2004 Q 15 P2
Form the three inequalities that satisfy the given region R.

7. 2006 Q 5 P1
2𝑥+5
Solve the inequality 3 – 2x  x ≤ and show the solution on the number
3
line (4 marks)

8. 2010 Q 5 P1
The sum of three consecutive odd integers is greater than 219.Determine the
first three such integers. (3 marks)

9. 2011 Q 4 P2
a) Solve the inequalities 2x -5> -11 and 3 + 2x ≤13, giving the answer as a
combined inequality. (3 marks)
b) List the integral values of x that satisfy the combined inequality in (a) above
(1 mark)
10. 2013 Q16 P1
Given the inequalities x – 5 ≤ 3 x – 8 < 2 x – 3.
a) Solve the inequalities; (2 marks)
b) Represent the solution on a number line. (1 mark)

11. 2014 Q12 P1

Solve 4 ≤ 3x – 2 ˂ 9 + x hence list the integral value that satisfies the inequality.
(3marks)

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LINEAR MOTION
1. 1989 Q21 P1
Two towns T and S are 300km apart. Two buses A and B started from T at the same
time travelling towards S. Bus B, travelling at an average speed of 10kmh-1 greater
than that of A reached S 11/4 hours earlier.

(a) Find the average speed of A (6 marks)

(b) How far was A from T when B reached S (2 marks)
2. 1991 Q5 P1
Mwangi and Otieno live 40km apart. Mwangi starts from his home at 7.30 am and
cycles towards Otieno’s house at 16km/h. Otieno starts from his home at 8.00am
and cycles at 8km/h towards Mwangi. At what time do they meet?
(4 marks)
3. 1992 Q14 P1
A vehicle moves at an initial speed of 20m/s with a constant acceleration of 2m/s2
for five seconds before brakes are applied. If the car comes to rest under constant
deceleration in 4 seconds, determine the total distance travelled during the 9 seconds
(3 marks)
4. 1992 Q2 P2
A minibus covered a distance of 180km at an average speed of 90km/hr. It travelled
at a sped of 80km/hr for 2/3 of its journey. At what speed did it travel the remaining
part of the journey (3 marks)

5. 1993 Q9 P1
In a race, Ogot, running at a constant speed of 8m/s, is 5m ahead of Ondiek maintains
a constant speed of 10m/s, how far does Ondiek run before catching up with Ogot?
(3 marks)
6. 1995 Q16 P1
A bus takes 195 minutes to travel a distance of (2x + 30) km at an average speed
of ( x – 20) km/h
Calculate the actual distance traveled. Give your answers in kilometres.
(3 marks)
7. 1996 Q16 P16
Two lorries A and B ferry goods between two towns which are 3120 km apart.
Lorry A travelled at 5 km/h faster than lorry B and B takes 4 hours more than
lorry A to cover the distance.
Calculate the speed of lorry B (5 marks)

8. 1997 Q14 P1
Two towns P and Q are 400 km apart. A bus left P for Q. It stopped at Q for one
hour and then started the return journey to P. One hour after the departure of the
bus from P, a trailer also heading for Q left P. The trailer met the returning bus ¾
of the way from P to Q. They met t hours after the departure of the bus from P.

(a) Express the average speed of the trailer in terms of t (1 mark)

(b) Find the ration of the speed of the bus so that of the trailer. (2 marks)

9. 1997 Q15 P2
The athletes in an 800 metres race take 104 seconds and 108 seconds respectively
to complete the race. Assuming each athlete is running at a constant speed.
Calculate the distance between them when the faster athlete is at the finishing line.
(2 marks)

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10. 1998 Q16 P1
A and B are towns 360 km apart. An express bus departs form A at 8 am and
maintains an average speed of 90 km/h between A and B. Another bus starts
from B also at 8 am and moves towards A making four stops at four equally
spaced points between B and A. Each stop is of duration 5 minutes and the
average speed between any two spots is 60 km/h.
Calculate distance between the two buses at 10 am. (3 marks)
11. 1999 Q9 P2
Two towns A and B are 220km apart. A bus left town A at 11. 00am and travelled
towards B at 60 km/h. At the same time, a matatu left town B for town A and
travelled at 80 km/h. The matatu stopped for a total of 45 minutes on the way
before meeting the bus.
Calculate the distance covered by the bus before meeting the matatu.
(3 marks)
12. 2000 Q2 P2
A passenger noticed that she had forgotten her bag in a bus 12 minutes after
the bus had left. To catch up with the bus, she immediately took a taxi which
travelled at 95 km/h.
The bus maintained an average speed of 75 km/h. Determine
a) The distance covered by the bus in 12 minutes (1 mark)
b) The distance covered by the taxi to catch up with the bus (2 marks)

13. 2001 Q15 P1

A town N is 340 km due west of town G and town K is due west of town N. A helicopter
Zebra left G for K at 9.00 am. Another helicopter Buffalo left N for K at 11.00 am.
Helicopter Buffalo travelled at an average speed of 20 km/ h faster than Zebra.
If both helicopters reached K at 12.30 pm find the speed of helicopter Buffalo.
(3 marks)
14. 2003 Q6 P2
A train moving at an average speed of 72km/h takes 15 seconds to completely
cross a bridge that is 80 metres long.
a) Express 72km/h in metres per second (1 mark)
b) Find the length of the train in metres (2 marks)

15. 2004 Q4 P2
Two trains T1 and T2 travelling in the opposite directions, on parallel tracks are just
beginning to pass one another. Train T1 is 72 m long and travelling at 108 km/h. T2
is 78 m long and is travelling at 72 km/h.
Find the time, in seconds, the two trains take to completely pass one another

16. 2005 Q17 P1

The distance between towns M and N is 280 km. A car and a lorry travel from M to
N. The average speed of the lorry is 20 km/h less than that of the car. The lorry
takes 1 h 10 min more than the car to travel from M and N.

(a) If the speed of the lorry is x km/h, find x (5 marks)

(b) The lorry left town M at 8: 15 a.m. The car left town M and overtook
the lorry at 12.15 p.m . Calculate the time the car left town M.
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(3 marks)

17. 2006 Q20 P1

A bus left Mombasa and travelled towards Nairobi at an average speed of
60km/hr. after 21/2 hours; a car left Mombasa and travelled along the same road
at an average speed of 100km/ hr. If the distance between Mombasa and Nairobi
is 500km, Determine

(a) (i) The distance of the bus from Nairobi when the car took off
(2 marks)
(ii) The distance the car travelled to catch up with the bus (4 marks)

(b) Immediately the car caught up with the bus, the car stopped for 25 minutes.
Find the new average speed at which the car travelled in order to reach
Nairobi at the same time as the bus. (4 marks)

18. 2007 Q16 P1

A rally car travelled for 2 hours 40 minutes at an average speed of 120km/h.
The car consumes an average of 1 litre of fuel for every 4 kilometres.
A litre of the fuel costs Kshs 59
Calculate the amount of money spent on fuel (3 marks)

19. 2008 Q21 P2

Two policemen were together at a road junction. Each had a walkie talkie. The
maximum distance at which one could communicate with the other was 2.5 km.
One of the policemen walked due East at 3.2 km/h while the other walked due North
at 2.4 km/h the policeman who headed East travelled for x km while the one who
headed North travelled for y km before they were unable to communicate.

(a) Draw a sketch to represent the relative positions of the policemen.

(1 mark)
(b) (i) From the information above form two simultaneous equations in
x and y. (2 marks)

20. 2009 Q4 P1
A bus travelling at an average speed of 63km/h left a station at 8.15 a.m.
A car later left the same station at 9.00 a.m. and caught up with the bus at
10.45 a.m. Find the average speed of the car. (3 marks)

21. 2009 Q22 P1

The diagram below shows the time graph for a train travelling between two
stations. The train starts from rest and accelerates uniformly for 150 seconds.
It then travels at a constant speed for 300 seconds and finally decelerates
uniformly for 200 seconds.

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Given that the distance between the two stations is 10 450m, calculate the:
(a) maximum speed , in Km/h the train attained (3 marks)
(b) acceleration (2 marks)
(c) distance the train travelling during the last 100 seconds (2 marks)
(d) time the train takes to travel the first half of the journey (3 marks)

22. 2010 Q4 P1
A bus left a petrol station at 9.20 a.m and y travelled at an average speed of
75 km/h to a town N. At 9.40 a.m a taxi travelling at an average speed of
95 mk/h, left the same petrol station and followed the route of the bus.

Determine the distance, from the petrol station, covered by the taxi at
the time it caught up with the bus. (3 marks)

23. 2011 Q3 P1
A motorist took 2 hours to travel from one town to another town and
1 hour 40 minutes to travel back. Calculate the percentage change in the
speed of the motorist. (3 marks)

24. 2011 Q18 P1

Makau made a journey of 700 km partly by train and partly by bus. He started
his journey at 8.00 am. By train which traveled at 50km/h. After alighting from
the train, he took a lunch break of 30 minutes. He then continued his journey by
bus which traveled at 75km/h. The whole journey took 111/4 hours.

a) Determine
(i) the distance travelled by bus (4 marks)
(ii) the time Makau started traveling by bus (3 marks)

b) The bus developed a puncture after traveling 1871/2 km. It took 15

minutes to replace the wheel.
Find the time taken to complete the remaining part of the journey
(3 marks)
25. 2012 Q7 P1
Koech left home to a shopping centre 12km away, running at 8km/h.
Fifteen minutes later, Mutua left the same home an cycled to the shopping
centre at 20km/h.Calculate the distance to the shopping centre at which
Mutua caught up with Koech. (3 marks)

26. 2012 Q13 P2

The graph below shows the relationship between distance s metres and time
t seconds in the interval 0≤ t ≤ 6

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Use the graph to determine:
(a) The average rate of change of distance between t=3 seconds and t-6 seconds
(2 marks)
(b) The gradient at t-3 secs (2 marks)

27. 2013 Q20 P1

Two towns, A and B are 80km apart. Juma started cycling from town A to
town B at 10.00 am at an average speed of 40 km/h. Mutuku started his
journey from town B to town A at 10.30 am and travelled by car at an
average speed of 60 km/h.

a) Calculate:
i.The distance from town A when Juma and Mutuku met; (5 marks)
ii.The time of the day when the two met. (2 marks)

b) Kamau started cycling from town A to town B at 10.21 am. He met

Mutuku at the same time as Juma did. Determine Kamau’s
average speed. (3 marks)

28. 2014 Q19 P1

The figure below represents a speed time graph for a cheetah which
covered 825m in 40 seconds.

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(a) State the speed of the cheetah when recording of its motion started (1 mark)
(b) Calculate the maximum speed attained by the cheetah (3marks)
(c) Calculate the acceleration of the cheetah in:
(i) The first 10 seconds (2marks)
(ii) The last 20 seconds (1mark)
(d) Calculate the average speed of the cheetah in first 20 seconds (3marks)

29. 2015 Q16 P1

Musa cycled from his home to a school 6km away in 20 minutes. He
stopped at the school for 5 minutes before taking a motorbike to a town
40km away. The motorbike travelled at 75km/h. On the grid provided,
draw a distance-time graph to represent Musa's journey. (3 marks)

30. 2015 Q18 P2

Mute cycled to raise funds for a charitable organisation. On the first day, he
cycled 40 km. For the first 10 days, he cycled 3 km less on each subsequent day.
Thereafter, he cycled 2km less on each subsequent day.

a) calculate
i)the distance cycled on the 10th day (2 marks)
ii)The distance cycled on the 16th day (3 marks)

b) If Mute raised kshs 200 per km, calculate the amount of money collected (5 marks)

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STATISTICS I
1. 1990 Q2 P2
The shoe sizes for 40 pupils in a class were recorded as shown in the table below

Shoe size 4 5 6 7 8 9
Number of pupils 1 4 18 14 2 1

Determine the mean shoe size in the class (2 marks)

2. 1991 Q6 P2
The height in centimeters of 60 children attending a clinic were recorded as follows:

Height (cm) 33-35 36-38 39-41 42-44 45-47 48-50 51-53 54-56
No. of 1 3 14 15 16 8 2 1
children

Calculate the median height (3 marks)

3. 1993 Q4 P1
The mean age of 15 boys in a class is 19 years. On a day when one of the boys
was absent, the rest gave their ages as follows:

20, 22, 16, 18, 17, 21, 18, 20, 17, 18, 19, 20, 19, 21.

Find the age of the absent boy (3 marks)

4. 1995 Q3 P1
Every week the number of absentees in a school was recorded. This was done
for 39 weeks these observations were tabulated as shown below

Number of absentees 0.3 4 -7 8 -11 12 - 15 16 - 19 20 - 23

(Number of weeks) 6 9 8 11 3 2

Estimate the median absentee rate per week in the school (2 marks)

5. 1997 Q8 P1
The following enrolment figures for twenty primary schools were collected.

934 923 936 931 924 933 933 937 926 923
934 931 929 934 927 927 932 934 927 940

(a) Determine the mode (1 mark)

(b) The differences from an assumed mean were obtained and rearranged as follows.
-2 -2 -1 1 2 2 2 4 6 6
7 8 8 9 9 9 9 11 12 15

(i) Determine the assumed mean. (1 mark)

(ii) Use the assumed mean in (b)(i) to find the mean enrolment.
(2 marks)

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6. 1998 Q12 P1
Six weeks after planting the height of bean plants were measured correct to the
nearest centimetre. The frequency distribution is given in the table below.

Height (x) 0≤x≤4 4≤x≤8 8≤ x ≤ 12 12 ≤ x ≤ 16 16 ≤ x ≤ 20

Frequency 3 8 19 14 6
Cumulative
Frequency

(a) Enter the cumulative frequency values in the above table (1 mark)
(b) Estimate the median height of the plants (2 marks)

7. 1999 Q13 P2
The number of people who attended an agricultural show in one day was
510 men, 1080 women and some children. When the information was represented
on a pie chart, the combined angle for the men and children was 2160. Find
the angle representing the children. (3 marks)

8. 1999 Q19 P2
Patients who attend a clinic in one week were grouped by age as shown
in the table below:
Age x years 0≤x<5 5 ≤ x < 15 15≤ x 25 25≤ x < 45 45 ≤ x < 75
No. of 14 41 59 70 15
patients
i. Estimate the mean age (4 marks)
ii. On the grid provided draw a histogram to represent the distribution
1 cm to represent 5 unit on the horizon axis
2 cm to represent 5 units on the vertical axis (4 marks)

9. 2000 Q4 P1
The table below shows heights of 50 students
Height (cm) Frequency
140 – 144 3
145 – 149 15
150- 154 19
155- 159 11
160-164 2

(a) State the modal class (1 mark)

(b) Calculate the median height (2 marks)

10. 2000 Q16 P2

The frequency distribution table below shows the weekly salary (K£) paid to
workers in a factory

Salary (K£) 50 ≤ x < 100 100≤ x <150 150≤ x < 25 250 ≤ x <350 350≤ x <500
No. of 13 16 38 24 9
workers

On the grid provided draw a histogram to respect the information shown above
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11. 2003 Q3 P2
The table below shows the number of goals scored by a football team in 20 matches
Goals scored 0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of matches 5 6 4 3 1 1
Find:
a) The mode (1 mark)
b) The mean number of goals (2 marks)

12. 2006 Q15 P1

The histogram below represents the distribution of marks obtained in a test.

The bar marked A has a height of 3.2 units and a width of 5 units. The bar
marked B has a height of 1.2 units and a width of 10 units

If the frequency of the class represented by bar B is 6, determine the frequency

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of the class represented by bar A.

13. 2007 Q19 P1

A frequency distribution of marks obtained by 120 candidates is to be
represented in a histogram. The table below shows the grouped marks.
Frequencies for all the groups and also the area and height of the rectangle
for the group 30 – 60 marks.

Marks 0-10 10-30 30-60 60-70 70-100

Frequency 12 40 36 8 24
Area of rectangle 180
Height of rectangle 6

(a) (i) Complete the table (4 marks)

(ii) On the grid provided below, draw the histogram (2 marks)

(b) (i) State the group in which the median mark lies (1 mark)

(ii) A vertical line drawn through the median mark divides the total area of the
histogram into two equal parts
Using this information or otherwise, estimate the median mark (3marks)

14. 2009 Q16 P1

The following data was obtained for the masses of certain animals.

Mass (x kg) Frequency

1.5  x  5.5 16
5.5  x 7.5 20
7.5  x  13.5 18
13.5  x  15.5 14

Complete the histogram on the grid provided below: (3 marks)

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15. 2009 Q18 P1
The marks scored by a group of pupils in a mathematics test were as recorded in
the table below.
Marks Frequency
0-9 1
10-19 2
20-29 4
30-39 7
40-49 10
50-59 16
60-69 20
70-79 6
80-89 3
90-99 1

(a) (i) State the modal class (1 mark)

(ii) Determine the class in which the median mark lies (2 marks)

(b) Using an assumed mean of 54.4 calculate the mean mark. (7 marks)

16. 2010 Q16 P1

The histogram below represents the distribution of heights a of seedlings
of a certain plant.

The shaded area in the histogram represents 20 seedlings. Calculate

the percentage number of seedlings with heights of at least 23 cm but less
than 27 cm. (3 marks)

17. 2010 Q23 P1

The frequency distribution table below represents the number of kilograms
of meat sold in a butchery.

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Mass in Kg 1-5 6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 21 - 25 26 - 30 31 – 35
Frequency 2 3 6 8 3 2 1

(a) State the modal frequency (1 mark)

(b) Calculate the mean mass. (5 marks)

18. 2011 Q10 P1

The masses of people during a clinic session were recorded as shown in the
table below.
Mass (kg) 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74
No. of 1 2 12 10 2 2 1
people
Calculate the mean mass. (3 marks)

19. 2011 Q24 P1

The frequency table shows the daily wages paid to casual workers by a
certain company.
Wages in Sh. 100-150 150-200 200-300 300-400 400-600
No. Of workers 160 120 380 240 100
(a) Draw a histogram to represent the above information. (5 marks)
(b) (i) State the class in which the median wage lies (1 mark)
(ii) Draw a vertical line, in the histogram showing where the median lies
(1 mark)
(c) Using the histogram, determine the number of workers who earn sh.
450 or less per day. (3 marks)

20. 2012 Q17 P1

The table below shows the height, measured to the nearest cm, of 101
pawpaw trees.

Height in 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59

cm.
Frequency 2 15 18 25 30 6 3 2

(a) State the modal class. (1 mark)

(b) Calculate to 2 decimal places:
(i) The mean height; (4 marks)
(ii) The differences between the median height and the mean height

(5 marks)
21. 2012 Q8 P2
The masses in kilograms of 20 bags of maize were;
90,94,96,98,99,102,105,91,102,99,105,94,99,90,94,99,98,96,102 and 105

Using an assumed mean of 96kg, calculate the mean mass, per bag, of the maize

(3 marks)

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22. 2013 Q2 P1
The production of milk, in litres, of 14 cows on a certain day was recorded as
follows
22, 26, 15, 19, 20, 16, 27, 15, 19, 22, 21, 20, 22 and 28.

a) The mode; (1 mark)

b) The median. (2 marks)

23. 2014 Q18 P1

The lengths, in cm, of pencils used by pupils in a standard one class on a
certain day were recorded as follows.

3 7 9 9 20 14 10 6 8 13
14 3 27 13 8 12 5 15 14 15
7 12 11 6 10 19 9 14 6 9
10 16 16 13 9 12 11 7 10 11

(a) Using a class width of 3, and starting with the shortest length of the pencils,
make a frequency distribution table for the data.
(b) Calculate:
(i) The mean length of the pencils (3marks)
(ii) The percentage of pencils that were longer than 8cm but shorter
than 15cm.
(2marks)
(c) On the grid provided, draw a frequency polygon for the data (3marks)

24. 2014 Q5 P2
The table below shows the frequency distribution of marks scored by
students in a test.

Marks Frequency
1-10 2
11-20 4
21-30 11
31-40 5
41-50 3

Determine the median mark correct to 2 s.f. (2marks)

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25. 2015 Q10 P1
The marks scored by a group of students in a test were recorded as shown
in the table below
Marks 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
No. Of 3 6 5 12 8 9 7
students

On the grid provided, and on the same axes, represent the above data using
a) a histogram; (3 marks)
b) a frequency polygon (1 mark)

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VECTORS (I)
1. 1989 Q11 P2
3 2
In the figure below, AB = p, AC = q, AD = 5 AC and CE = 3
CB
C

D
E

A B
Express DE in terms of p and q (3 marks)

2. 1990 Q8 P2
In a triangle ABC, D is the midpoint of AB and E is appoint on BC such that
2
BE = 3 BC. If AD = P and AC = Q, express EC in terms of p and q. (2 marks)

3. 1990 Q10 P2
A point T divides a line AB internally in the ratio 5: 2. Given that A is
(-4, 10) And B is (10, 3) find the coordinates of T. (4 marks)

4. 1991 Q6 P1
In the diagram below OABC is a parallelogram.

C T

O A
AB is produced to T such that BT : AB = 1:2. M is the midpoint of AC. Given
that OA = a and OC = c. Express MT in term of a and c. (3 marks)

5. 1992 Q24 P1
OABC is a trapezium such that the coordinates of O, A, B and C are (0,0),(2,-1),
(4, 3) and (0, y).
a) Find the value of y (2 marks)
b) M is a midpoint of AB and N is a midpoint of OM. Show that A, N and C
are collinear. (6 marks)

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6. 1993 Q21 P1
OABC is a trapezium in which OA = a, OC = c and CB = 3a. CB is produced to
such that CB : BD = 3: 1. E is a point on AB such that AB = 2AE. Show that O,
E and d are collinear. (8 marks)

7. 1993 Q16 P2
In the figure below CA = b CB = a, AX = XY and AY = YB.
C

b a

A X Y B
Express CX in terms of a and b (3 marks)

8. 1994 Q10 P2
In the figure below OC = 3 CA and OD = 3DB. By taking OA = a, OB = b, show
that CD // AB. (3 marks)
O

C D

A B

9. 1994 Q15 P2
In the figure below ABCD is a parallelogram. AOC and BOD are diagonals
of the parallelogram. Show that the diagonals of the parallelogram bisect
each other. Give reasons. (3 marks)
A B

D C

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10. 1995 Q 18 P1
The figure below is a right pyramid with a rectangular base ABCD and VO
as the height. The vectors AD= a, AB = b and DV = c

a) Express
(i) AV in terms of a and c (1 mark)
(ii) BV in terms of a, b and c (2 marks)

(b) M is point on OV such that OM: MV = 3:4, Express BM in terms of

a, b and c . Simplify your answer as far as possible (5 marks)

11. 1997 Q12 P2

In the figure below, OA =3i + 4j and OB = 8i – j. C is a point on AB such that
AC:CB = 3:2, and D is a point such that OB//CD and 2OB=CD

Determine the vector DA in terms of i and j. (4 marks)

12. 1997 Q 11 P2
ABC is a triangle and P is on AB such that P divides AB internally in the
ratio 4:3. Q is a point on AC such that PQ is parallel to BC. If AC = 14 cm

(i) State the ratio AQ:QC (1 mark)

(ii) Calculate the length of QC (1 mark)

13. 1998 Q 9 P2
In the figure, KLMN is a trapezium in which KL is parallel to NM and KL = 3 NM

Given that KN = w, NM = u and ML = v. Show that 2 u = v+ w (2 marks)

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14. 1999 Q 21 P1
In triangle OAB, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = b and P lies on AB such that AP: BP = 3:5
𝑂𝐴 = a 𝑂𝐵
(a) Find the terms of a and b the vectors
(i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 (1 mark)
(ii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑃 (1 mark)
(iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝑃 (1 mark)
(iv) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ O
𝑂𝑃 (2 marks)
5 9
(b) Point Q is on OP such AQ =− 𝑎+ 𝑏 .
8 40
Find the ratio OQ: QP (3 marks)

15. 2002 Q 10 P2
The coordinates of points O,P,Q and R are (0,0) , (3,4) , (11,6) and (8,2)
respectively. A point T is such that vectors OT, QP and QR satisfy the vector
equation. OT = QP + ½ QR .Find the coordinates of T. (3 marks)

16. 2004 Q 21 P1
a) If A, B and C are the points (2,-4),(4,0)and (1,6) respectively, use the
vector method to find the co-ordinates of point D given that ABCD is a
parallelogram.
b) The position vectors of points P and Q are p and q respectively is another
3 1
point with position vector r = 2 q - 2 p. Express in terms of p and q.
i) PR
ii) RQ hence show that P, Q and R are collinear.
iii) Determine the ratio PQ: QR.
17. 2005 Q 18 P1
The points P, Q, R and S have position vectors 2p, 3p, r and 3r respectively,
relative to an origin O. A point T divides PS internally in the ratio 1:6

(a) Find, in the simplest form, the vectors OT and QT in terms P and r
(4 marks)
(b) (i) Show that the points Q, T, and R lie on a straight line (3 marks)
(ii) Determine the ratio in which T divides QR (1 mark)

18. 2006 Q 12 P1
Two points P and Q have coordinates (-2, 3) and (1, 3) respectively. A
translation map point P to P’ ( 10, 10)
a) Find the coordinates of Q’ the image of Q under the translation
(1mark)

b) The position vector of P and Q in (a) above are p and q respectively

given that mp – nq = . Find the value of m and n (3 marks)

19. 2006 Q 22 P1
In the diagram below, the coordinates of points A and B are ( 1,6) and (15,6)
respectively). Point N is on OB such that 3 ON = 2OB. Line OA is produced to L
such that OL = 3 OA

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(a) Find vector LN (3 marks)
(b) Given that a point M is on LN such that LM: MN = 3: 4, find the
coordinates of M (2 marks)
(c) If line OM is produced to T such that OM: MT = 6:1
(i) Find the position vector of T (4 marks)
(ii) Show that points L, T and B are collinear (4 marks)

20. 2009 Q 20 P1
−8 12
The position vectors of point A and B with respect to the O, are( ) and ( )
5 −5
respectively. Point M is the midpoint of AB and N is the midpoint of OA.
(a) Find:
i) The coordinates of N and M (3 marks)
ii) The magnitude of NM (3 marks)

(b) Express vector NM in term of OB. (1 marks)

−5
(c) Point P maps onto P by a translation( ) .Given that
8
OP=OM+2MN, find the coordinates of P’ (3 marks)

21. 2009 Q 6 P2
2 6
Vector OA = ( ) and OB=( ). Point C is on OB such CB=2OC and point D is
1 −3
on AB such that AD=3DB.Express CD as a column vector. (3 marks)

22. 2010 Q 7 P1
In the figure below, OPQR is a trapezium in which PQ is parallel to OR and M
is the mid-point of QR and OP=p, OR=r and PQ = 1/3 OR.

Find OM in terms of p and r. (3 marks)

23. 2011 Q 13 P2
Vector OP=6i + j and OQ+ -2i +5j. A point N divides PQ internally in the ratio
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3:1. Find PN in terms of i and j. (3 marks)

24. 2012 Q9 P1
Given that OA = 2i + 3j and 3i – 2j
Find the magnitude of AB to one decimal place (3 marks)

25. 2015 Q11 P1

3 4
Given that P = 5a – 2 b where a = ( ) and b = ( ) find
2 1
a) Column vector p (2 marks)
−6
b) P’, the image P under translation vector ( ) (1 mark)
4

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