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Educ 79 – METHODS OF RESEARCH

MID TERM EXAMINATION

Name: Donnabelle I. Nonod Course: MAED MATH

Date: March 9, 2024 Score: ______________________

Part I. Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the letter of the correct answer.

1. This refers to the consistency stability and dependability of the data.

a. Reliability b. Validity
c. Dependability d. Outcomes

2. It used when the study wants to know the change in characteristics of the study population in a given
area.
a. Pretest-Posttest Design or Before-After Survey
b. Static Group Comparison
c. Posttest Only Design or After-Only Survey
d. Pretest-Posttest Control Design

3. Which of the following refers to the blueprint of the research?

a. research design b. research title
c. research problem d. research

4. It is called as one-shot survey because the data are collected only once?
a. Pretest – posttest design or before after the survey b. Static group comparison
c. Posttest only design or after only survey d. Pretest-posttest only design

5. It refers to the extent to which a measurement does what it is supposed to do which is to measure what is
to intends to measure.
a. Reliability b. Validity
c. Dependability d. Outcomes

6. Which of the following states that there are two groups involved, an experimental group and a control
group. The experimental group receive or is exposed to the intervention/treatment (X)?
a. Pretest-Posttest Design or Before After Survey
b. Static Group Comparison
c. Posttest Only Design or After-Only Survey
d. Pretest-Posttest Control Design
7. Which is appropriate for collecting descriptive information about a population or subjects of the study?
a. Non/Pre-Experimental Designs
b. True Experimental Designs
c. Quasi-Experimental Design
d. Experimental Design

8. It is where the researcher must make sure that the use of a particular design does not endanger the
respondent’s life.
a. Ethical Issues b. Practical and Administrative Issues
c. Technical Issues d. Other Concerns

9. Which of the following refers to the subjects that are randomly assigned to the experimental group and
the control group to achieved pre-intervention/treatment equality of two groups?
a. Non/Pre-Experimental Design
b. True Experimental Designs
c. Quasi-Experimental Designs
d. Experimental Designs

10. Which of the following refers to a process of choosing a representative sample of population?
a. population b. population frame
c. sampling d. sampling frame

11. The frame is a list of all the elements or sampling units is a population. The sample is draw from the
sampling frame.
a. population b. population frame
c. sampling d. sampling frame

12. This is the population for which representative information is desired.

a. target population b. population frame
c. sample d. sampling frame

13. Which of the following refers to the total number of to be studied?

a. population b. population frame
c. sampling d. sampling frame

14. It is where investigator selects the sample units they become available;
a. accidental sampling b. convenient sampling
c. purposive sampling d. probability sampling

15. This type of sampling the investigator uses a specific purpose in selecting a sample.
a. accidental sampling b. convenient sampling
c. purposive sampling d. probability sampling

16. Which of the following refers an individual, an element, or group of individuals or elements on which
information is obtained?
a. population b. population frame
c. sample d. sampling frame

17. Is a process of selecting sample cases or subset of sample cases from a population, giving all sampling
units equal chances of being included as a sample?
a. simple random sampling b. using table of random digits
c. drawing a lots d. purposive sampling

18. It is a method of selecting a sample group or cluster of elements.

a. stratified random sampling b. Simple random sampling
c. systematic random sampling d. cluster sampling

19. It is the process of selecting a random sample from subgroups which a population has been subdivided.
a. stratified random sampling
b. sample random sampling
c. systematic random sampling
d. cluster sampling

20. A systematic literature review is:

a. one which generates a literature review using a treasure hunt system.
b. a replicable, scientific and transparent process.
c. one which gives equal attention to the principal contributors to the area.
d. a manufactured system for generating literature reviews tailored to your subject.

21. “APA” is a standard reports style, APA stands for

a. Author Publication Association
b. Academic Peer Agreement
c. American Psychological Association
d. America Psychology Association

22. What is the purpose of the conclusion in a researchers already said.

a. It just a summary what the article already said.
b. It summarized the key findings in relation to the research questions.
c. It contains a useful review of the relevant literature.
d. It outlines the methodological procedures that were employed.

23. Which of the following is not an advantage of a questionnaire?

a. Provides structured data
b. Allows the respondent to complete in their own time
c. Allows complex questions
d. Allows access to a dispersed sample group.

24. Which of the section of the research report is not contained in a research proposal?
a. justification of the study
b. research question
c. actual result and discussion about them
d. purposed of the study

25. The following are the purpose of review of related literature except:
a. it can help you identify a research problem
b. provides important clues/leads to help determined the topic of inquiry
c. it shows what is unknown
d. provides the foundation and justification for your research problem.

26. What is research design?

a. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
b. The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
c. The style in which present your research finding e.g. graph.
d. A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

27. An operational definition is:

a. one that bears no relation to the underlying concept.
b. an abstract, theoretical definition of a concept.
c. a definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures.
d. one that refers to opera and their work.

28. What will normally be the last of the following sections to be written?
a. Abstract b. Literature review
c. Results d. Conclusion

29. Which of the following is a non-probability sampling method?

a. Random Sampling b. Systematic Sampling
c. Stratified Sampling d. Snowball sampling

30. A questionnaire which are distributed to the respondents who write their answer to the questions in
appropriate spaces in the questionnaire.
a. structured interview
b. semi-structured questionnaire
c. face-to-face interview
d. self-administered questionnaire

31. The following are the things must be considered in illustrating and explaining conceptual framework of
the research study EXCEPT ONE:
a. The approved title must needed your approved title
b. Identify the independent and dependent variables
c. Make and Illustrate a conceptual framework to present the concepts underlying your research study
d. Presentation of conceptual framework

32. It refers to as a judgmental sampling.

a. non-probability sampling
b. probability sampling
c. purposive sampling
d. accidental sampling

33. Which of the following is NOT the advantage studying a sample?

a. It is faster
b. It is control
c. It is more accurate

For number 34-38. For instance, you want to study the extent of participation in school activities of 24 fourth
year student in school A. and you want to draw a random sample of 10 students. A decision been made to
choose the sample without replacement. It is also assumed that the class is homogeneous in regard to a
number of characteristics sampling may be done by “draw lots” or by using a table of random sampling.

34. What is the population?

a. 24 student’s b. 10 students
c. 14 student’s d. 5 students
35. Which of the following refers to any kind of information researchers obtain on the subject, respondents
or participants of a study?
a. data b. information
c. collection d. rating

36. A kind data where information are collected directly from the subjects being studied such as people,
areas or objects?
a. tertiary data b. secondary data
c. primary data d. quarterly data

37. Which of the following is a type of sampling that is based on concept of random selection, a procedure
that assure that all elements in the population are given an equal chance of being selected as a sample unit?
a. non-probability sampling b. probability sampling
c. purposive sampling d. accidental sampling

38. What is the sampling frame?

a. a list of 24 fourth year high school students
b. a list of random sample of 10 students
c. a list of 14 fourth year high school students
d. a list of random sample of 10 students

39. After drawing a sample, the chosen element is returned to the container selected. What kind of random
sampling is being illustrated?
a. restricted type
b. unrestricted type
c. simple random sampling
d. cluster sampling

40. It is a set of ordered steps a researcher takes to ensure that all parts of an investigation are completed to
a high standard.
a. Research Design
b. Research Process
c. Research Idea
d. Research Framework

II. Read and discuss the following:

1. Why is research important to human life?
Answer:
Research is important to human life because of the following reason:
a. Expansion of knowledge; this serves as a foundation for advancements in science, technology,
medicine and other numerous domains.
b. Problem Solving and Creativity; research enables us to pinpoint challenges and device solution to
tackle them.
c. Enhance of living standards; research result in the creation of new products and technologies
that elevate the quality of life.
d. Development of thinking skills and intellectual growth; involvement in research fosters thinking
abilities and intellectual curiosity. It nurtures a culture of inquiry, exploration and lifelong
learning.
2. What is the purpose of educational research?
Answer:
The purpose of educational research is to improve the understanding, effectiveness and
outcome of educational practices, policies and system. It seeks to generate knowledge, inform
decision-making, and enhance teaching and learning processes.

3. Mention at least 10 characteristics of Research and explain it in your own words?

Answer:
Characteristics of Research
a. Clear Purpose – the research should have a clear stated and well-defined purpose or
objectives.
b. Relevance- it should address significant problem or question that contributes to existing
knowledge or addresses practical issues.
c. Validity- the research should be based on reliable and valid methods
d. Reliability – the result should be replicable, meaning that if the study were repeated
using the same method, similar result would be obtained.
e. Transparency – the research methods and procedures should be transparent and well-
documented, allowing others to understand and evaluate the study’s validity.
f. Innovation - the research contributes new knowledge, insights, or methodologies to the
field.
g. Systematic - the research follows a systematic approach, with well-defined procedures
for data collection analysis and interpretation.
h. Objectivity – researchers should strive to minimize bias and subjective influence of data
collection, analysis and interpretation.
i. Ethical Consideration – good research adheres to ethical standards, ensuring the right
and welfare of participants are protected, and any potential risks are minimized.
j. Logical – the research employs logical reasoning and sound arguments to support its
conclusions.

4. What are the elements of a research problem?

Answer:
Here are the elements of a research problem
a. Statement – clearly defining the issue or topic to be investigated
b. Significance - explaining why the problem is important and worth studying
c. Background – providing context and relevant information about the problem
d. Scope - defining the boundaries
e. Limitation – acknowledging any constraints or limitation that may impact the research

5. How is good research problem selected? What are the guidelines in selecting research
problem?
Answer:
Selecting a research problem involves careful consideration to certain guidelines
a. Interest and Passion – choose a topic that genuinely interest you and align wit your
passion or curiosity.
b. Relevance – ensure the problem is relevant to your field of study
c. Feasibility – assess whether the problem is manageable within the given resources, time
and constraints available for the research
d. Originality – Aim a problem that offers a novel perspective, build on existing research, or
introduces a new angle to the topic.
e. Clarity - ensure that the problem is clear, concise and specific enough to guide the
research process actively