9397 08 e TERS ORA oft gas By; Syed Borhan Elahi 25thCOC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo_ by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" Advice to Oral Candidates: | To clear with Capt Loo at the earliest opportunity Candidates are require to study hard specially Seamanship, Rope works, Ship hardling & Cargo works in deep. For rope works all the specification, uses, peculiarity and practical laying out: Example: west Country rope stropper peculiarity. In Chain stropper distance between two Cow hitch and so on. Cargo Work: Uses of different, codes ie BC code, Timber Code, Grain Code. Loading Explosive Cargo, Securing partly filed compartment, Loading Timber. Answer provided in this booklet is not the standard format but closest possible compli- ances of Capt.Loo. For Risk assessment exactly follow mine. Capt Loo basically wants the matrix of the risk level which is 3:3. For Compass Adjustment nothing special and Critical just only explain the corefficient B & C for reference you can follow mine that explain in this booklet and little bit from Gy- ro Compass. Page 2 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION BY CAPT. LOO 1. Knots and Hitches ~ Common rope stopper, West country stopper, Chain stopper, “Joining two ropes of different dia and textures, why can you not use Nylon stopper on Nylon rope? Lay of the rope and stopper’s tun on them, Why chain stopper against the lay? What is gap between the loops in Cow hitch? In West Country stopper, which rope will be with the lay and which one against the lay? How many turns do you take on hawser or wire rope with each stopper? How many turns and eriss-erossing do you make with each stopper? Rig staging and rolling hitch. 2, ‘TRS — wind veering and pressure rising, State your location and draw the diagram “for N-hemisphere and explain the actions you will take. ¥ 3. How do you know that your navigational publications are up to date? 4. As a Master, how you will make use of BC code for loading? Do not answer like Chief Mate or 24 Mate; just explain your major concerns. 5. Loading Explosive cargo Explain on the Master's point of view. 6 Describe the method of Strapping in partly filled compartment. 7. Grain Code — How many methods of securing grain do you know? Which all are ap” plied for filled and which are for partially filled cargo holds? Draw the diagram of Lashing and Strapping method and explain with all the relevant dimensions and procedures. 3. Transverse Thrust ~ define it and explain the reasons. How does it develop? How it ‘affects you as a Master? 49. How many types of log is there in the field? 10. What is Wake current? Define Frietioral wake, Bank Suction/cushion. 11. What is New Jason Clause, Clause Paramount. 12. What is GA & PA? 13. What do you know about Towage & Salvage? 14. Have you heard UNCLOS? Tell me what it is? How it affects you as a Master? 15. What is contiguous Zone? What will be your conduct in CZ? 16. Explain you understanding of Innocent. Passage. What rights do you have? What rights does the country have under wLose jurisdiction you are presently? 17. What is EEZ? Tell me what can you expect there? 18. SCOPIC Clause — What it is? Does it come into force and becomes applicable on its own after signing LOF? Then who invokes it? What’s the process? What changes occur when it’s invoked? What happens if it’s not invoked? 19. How do you test your SCBA set? How do you know the contents of the bottle? How do you know the prescribed pressure for the bottle? 20. Angle of Flooding — Show me on GZ curve. What happens at this angle? How and why it is important to you as a master? How will you make use of this information? Mark all the information you can avail from GZ curve. Explain Angle of Loll with and inclined vessel diagram showing the forces acting on it. 21. What is Synchronise Pitching? What are the dangers associated with it?” How do you avoid them? Are there any guidelines for you as Master? 7 322. Draw the Flammability Diagram and explain, Tell me the various stages of gas freeing operation. Define at what stages you will use which instrument? Indicate the percentage of oxygen and hydrocarbon at various stages. When do you switch over from Tankscope to Explosimeter? When do you start measuring Oxygen? 3 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by syed Borhan Elahi 25" j 28: Carty out a Risk Assessment following a Collision. Show the matrix as per COSWP involving probability, impact and risks 24. What is Girding? What dangers are associated with it? How do you prevent them? 25. Explain Hydropac and Hydrolant? I 26. How many Navareas era thre? 27. What is Scréw racing? Why it is important to you as a Master? 28. What is Interaction? Give me the example of the various dangerous situations re- lated with it. ee 29. On what all factors your reliance on a Navigational Chart depend? 50. How do you know that your 24 Officer has heen corrocting the charts regularly and properly? How would you verify? +¢31. Explain Gyroscope with its Errors, principle and properties, _ 52. Can you show me the diagram of Purse seine Gear used by fishing vessel? What lights would they show? 33. How about Demersal and Pelagic gears? What lights would this show? 34. What are the various functions of a P&I club? Te Fell me the two most significant oc- casions when they intervene and furiction? 35. How do you perform a short-round-turn? How Transverse thrust helps you? 36. Explain DOS. State when you issue it? ee 37. Explain in your own word your undersianding of the terms — Vessel engaged in fishing, Constrained by draft. Define Rules 2, 6, 8 and 19. While discussing about Rule 19; he would often seek clarification from you and will ask you to explain us- ing some example with wooden models. 38. Showed me South Cardinal Mark, Special Mark and asked for full story. Explain about region-A Preferred channel to Starvoard buoy. 39. Showed me some lights of SV, RAM, FV, PDV, and PV at anchor and Vessel EN: GAGED IN MINE CLEARANCE operation. Explain their day signal, fog signal, status and state your action. Also asked me about an overtaking situation in re stricted Visibility. He gave me the wooden models and asked to define my actions? He wants a detailed answer and the basis of your judgment. 40. Draw the diagram and explain how you will perform Anderéon Turn? 41. Tell me about the co-efficient B, C and D. Explain causes and methods of correc: tion? Define their components. a 42, What is Heeling error? Explain how will you correct it? 443. Swing Magnetic compass and find out the various Co-eflficients. Explain how will you correct them? 44. What method did you use for your answer? How many methods of corrections are thore? See 45. Hanging of Anchors? 46. What do you know about cathodic protection? 47. How to do Docking with Cargo. 48. How to perform Single round turn, 49. Draw flammable diagram & Exy in 80. In TRS" Northern Hemisphere Wind Backing and pressure falling. 51. Synchronise Pitching, Broaching, Pooping & Explain, 52. Formation of TRS. 53. What is the purpose of FRE 13 & Form U? 54. P&I club & their Fu ‘tion, What is main two function of P&I club? 58. What are the procedures to obtain navigational warning? Page 4 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25” 56. How many types of search pattern in IAMSAR? Explain Creep line Search? 57. Crew complain about food. Master's action on this. eee 58. How do you instruct the C/O for Maintenance of lifeboat Davit 59. Explain Strapping in partly filled compartment. 60. Docking with Cargo Examiner expect on the Master's point of View? Page 5 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" SECTION 1 - ROPE WORKS the weight is against the double bight turn, the hitch should not slip. As it is a secure hitch, it is used to secure the jib halyard block to the sea an* chor hawser, when rigging a whip for use with the oil bag from a life boat. It sometime used as a stopper. Reef Knot: It is basically a flat knot, ideal for securing bandage over a wound when tending injured person nel, It also use in boat work for the purpose of reefing sail & to join two ropes of equal size. Granny Knots: When a reef knot is given in wrong way. It is not commonly used at sea as it slip or jammed hard. ‘Bowline: It is commonly used at sea. It is used to make a temporary eye in the end of a rope. If weight comes it is not jammed & easily can open. It is used to secure a heaving line to the eye of a mooring rope when run- ning a line ashore. Bowline on the bight: The bight is forming with two eyes. One of these should be made larger than the oth: | er to accommodate the seat where smaller eye would take the weight under the arms of an injured person. It forms a temporary bosun chair for lifting or lowering an injured person. Carrick Bend? Originally used to bend two hawsers around the capstan/varping drum. It is strong versa~ tile bend that will not jam under strain. The idea of the knot is for the weight to be taken on either side. It is basically used to joint two ropes of different con- struction. eee eee eet Double Carrick Bend: It is used to join two ropes to- gether for passing the line over a warping drum. Its basically used where additional weight could be ex: pected to bear, as in towing operat ‘Sheet Bend: The Sheet Bend is recommended fer join- ing two ropes of unequal size. The larger rope must be used for the simple bight as shown. It works equally well if the ropes are of the same size. It would replace the Reef (Square) knot except for the awkward fact that. it has to be tied with both ends loose in your hands with no load on the ropes (The reef - with al its faults - can be tied tight against a sail, or parcel, and usually stays tight while the second half hiteh is tied). Page 6 of 1ee COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25” Clove Hitch: It is a useful knot for turning about a rail and hanging things from. It is unreliable when the di rection of weight is liable to change. Cow Hitch: It is a useful knot for holding wire rope while constructing a chain stopper. Quick securing of ropes. Distance between two half hitch is 10inch or 25cm Over Hand Knot: It is used to a rope so that a person can grip without his hands slipping. Figure of Bight! It is used to prevent un revving through a block. It also used_as stopping knots which can be of many form.1) Life line of Open life boat, 2) Keel grab line of a life boat ‘Timber hitch: Is often used to secure a line to spar or A bale. Gun Tackle: It comprising two single sheave blocks originally used on naval boards for hauling the gun. Where standing part secure with standing block Serving Mallet: It is used to turn the serving about a wire rope. Rope Stropper:- + Normal’ = West Country Stropper: Use on manmade fiber hawser or multiplied hawser. Standing part will go with the lay first and then cisscross at least five. = Chain Stropper: Secure with cow hitch with a distance of 25cm and minimum 5 turns having the length 1.7m of stropper and few em of rope spliced at the end to hold by hands. All the turns go against the lay. 2, Hanging of Anchor: Reference can be made from DJ House Page 7 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" SECTION2 GENERAL Port Marine Circular (PMC):- ‘hanges of any rules, Regulations and or any legislation which affect only within the harbor lim- its issued by Port Master to: Shipping Community. Harbor Craft Pleasure Cratt. 2, Port Marine Notice (PMN):~ f there is any construction or maintenancc/repair works is carried out which temporarily ham- pered the navigation within the harbor, issued by Port Master to Shipping Community. Harbor Craft Pleasure Craft Shipping Circular (SC):- fh is the national & International Regulation issued by Director of Marine. Ship Owners, Ship Manager / Operator. Ship Master of Flag Ship. Shipping Community. /4. Shipping Notice: - Scanned copy of Important IMO circular / regulations and also List of Life Raft Servicing Station & Radio Surveyor appointed by MPA. 5, Maritime Security Circular: WMS prion D yheck the gang way register. Quick search of accommodation, Engine room & other place, Verify with other who have gone out with him. Where they have seen him last. Inform agent and ask him to check Hospital, Polic> station & Seaman Club Inform Owner/Port authority/MPA/P&I club & Local police via agent. Ask chief officer and any other crew member to make a list of his belongings. Sign him off from the article of agreement. (Form 68D) Make an entry in Official Log Book (OLB). Fill up ENG 2A form. Make his final wages & Give him a discharge certificate Send all these documents on envelop to MPA via azent. Keep a copy one set on board for future reference. Verify safe Manning Document whether ships can sail without the missing crew member or not. If not ask for suitable replacement or ask MAP permission to sail ible copy article of agreement to be made accessible to the ship’s crew by post- ing it on notice board in order to enable the crew to know the main features of article of agree- ment. Following are the contents of form U:~ Ship’s name / POR / Register Tonnage. /No of crew to whom the accommodation is certified. Name of Master and his COC details. /Scale of Provision. /Regulation for maintaining discipline. Voyage Limit/Short summary of employment of under aged person. Page 8 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" ERE 13 {tis a declaration of draft basically made by master after completion of loading with all details of ition & includes sailing draft freeboard and posted on the notice board. ‘tis found where the water move rapidly by strong tidal streams or heavy seas covered by a suf- ficient depth of inconsiderable sediment especially sand or gravel ‘a, Singapore Strait b. Malacca Strait c. Japanese Water. Significant change observed at Relatively calm weather and at Neep tide. ‘There is a chance to change in chart datum. Can go up to 20m in amplitude and several 100m in wave length. They normally lies at right an- gles to the main direction of the water movement. ‘tudy additional clauses & collective agreement. Inform MPA / Class. ‘Make a separate memorandum for crew to sign to proceed to voyage. Master to use tact to convince the crew. ‘Any exemption required from class / MPA. Ensure vessel is seaworthy. If going war zone a proper coverage by owners. Consult with union if necessary. OLB entry about owners’ instruction / approval. Careful study of voyage order & proper planning of voyage. Owner to seek approval from MPA / Class / under writers. Ensure vessel is permitted to proceed on voyage without violating insurance warranty. Cire |4/2006. After discovering of stowaway on board Master has to inform the Owner/Manager/Operator and Charterer Lozal Agent. Master has to practice the followings but not limited to. Place him at secure location. ‘Try to collect his travel documents (If he possess2s such). ‘He must not be treated unnecessary reason. Don’t include him in crew list or Don't allow him to work on deck. Provide him good food and accommodation, For Repatriate him following are the procedures, Vessel should have valid ISPS cert. ‘Timely arrangement with ICA. He must have valid travel document. Arrange security escort till he board the flight. ‘To provide a secure bond of $$10,000.00 subject 0 variation. Authority has reserve the right to or not to allow any nationality for repatriation. mS ree Application to be made on approved form. Submit the following documents Particulars of the owners — May ask Documentary evidence. Any change should be made within 30 days. Page 9 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" Written notice to MPA for the name. approval of ship's name — Advertise in any two local daily news paper and registrar may give approval if no objection received in 7daya. Application for Signal Letters & Indicate if radio station is fitted and also to apply for IDA Ship station license. eee Appointment of Agents /Appointment of Manage: Business profile of the company. Copy of builder's certificate ‘Tonnage Certificate Statement of entry in class All these to be submitted to the MPA & they will issue a Curving & Marking Note After endorsing this Curving & Marking Note by class MPA will issne Cortificate of Registry. Ge e Form 68D to be used for the crew ON / OFF where particulars of crew against a refer- ence no to enter and crew to sign on ENG column and counter signed by Master. For the crew to OFF just only to sign on RELEASE column and counter sign by Master. Give Crew a certificate of discharge, make final wages & filled up ENG 2A with COC attached. Rules: SOLAS Chapter V Reg.31. The Master of every ship is Pound to communieate the infor mation to all ships in the vicinity and also to the competent authority at the first point on the coast with which he can communicate. The format of the information is not obligatory. Wi iQaolyoulaon AEE SEES “Py harmonized the period of the survey of statutory certificate which have the uniform period of validity of 5 years. Features of New System: © One year standard interval between the survey which could be any one of this Initial =» Annual = Intermediate = Periodic or Renewal. © Maximum period of validity 5 years for cargo ship & 1 year for passenger ship. © No more unscheduled inspection, annual surveys are mandatory. © 3 months extension for long voyage & 1 menth for short voyage. © A flexible system for ship's bottom inspection at least 2 inspection in 6 years period with interval of #36 months. ©. There is a provision for eargo ship safety certificate. ie master of every ship which meets the followirg Sons. o4-v- 229-31 1. Dangerous Ice. 2. Dangerous Derelict. 3. Any other direct danger to navigation. 4. ATRS 5. Encounter sub freezing air temperature associated with gale force wind causing ice accro- tion, 6. Winds of foree 10 or above for which no storm warning has been received. Is bound to communicate the information by all means to all ships & the costal authority. Page 10 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" Port state: Is the inspection of the foreign ahipe br national porte to verify that the condition of the ship & its equipments comply with the requirements and to ensure the compliance of various national & international regulations by any mexchant ship. Established by the maritime admin- istration of the country in whose port the vessel is in. They are empowered to inspect the vessel & to detain the substandard ship. They can verify the competency of the officer & crew. Flag State: Maritime administration of the courtry under whose the vessel flying its flag. Their purpose is to ensure the safety at sea with regards to construction, maintenance, seaworthiness, ‘manning, labor condition, Crew training, Prevention of collision and to ensure the ship is appro” priately surveyed as to condition, equipment & manning. They are empowered to inspect the. ‘They can verify the competency of the officer & crew. ‘ollowing will be the most important © AOA and the geographical limits, Expiry of AOA. © Class Certificate if ships has Class notation of Ice, © Check C/P Contract. © Insurance coverage © Sufficient stores & spares are on board. © Enough provision to complete voyage. co Ensure polar code is available on board o Instruct C/O & C/E for making requisition & to prepare vessel for the sea, © Collect additional information to srcsebs HOUamienie Wt Wayaes Hie will Be a gente ta o apontfic dantination. THONG GMa OF treme circumstances the vessel may be obliged to deviate to another port or return to the same port of departure. This unexpected destination is known as POR. Master's Concern: Can the port be reached safely. Is the port authority friendly / hostile. Are the charts available for the intended port. Can the vessel enter & remain safely in the port. Repair facility available. Cost of repair reasonable. Spare / Store readily available. Can the Spare / Store imported easily. Surveyor facility available. Port is free of war, strike & civil commotion. eo o000000000 After deciding POR Master's obligation :- ~Repart to Owner / Charterer / Manager. Consult with Underwriters. Contact with local P & I Club correspondence. Logged details for the future reference once deviate. Inform Agent & port authority. Issue ae & Inform DOM is badly damage of severe accident. ‘A survey in dry-dock should be a part of the enhanced survey during periodical survey. ° oo000 Page 11 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Bothan Elahi 25” is basically to detect structural weakness & area of corrosion. It has been in forced since 1** July 1998 for oil tankers & bullies including OBO. It commences at 4% annual survey and pro- gressed during succeeding year with a view to ecmplete by 5% anniversary. Additionally © require internal examination; © close up survey; o ‘Thickness measurement report etc. © Drydocking is required to complete a vessel’s special survey of hull. Examination should be sufficient to discover corrosion, significant deformation, fracture, Dam- ages etc. Enhanced survey carried out o During Periodical Survey. o During annual survey & o Intermediate Enhanced survey. It covers all cargo spaces, ballast tanks, tunnel, cofferdam, void space, deck & outer hull, After survey the administrator will give an endcrsed condition evolution report to the owner na copy to be placed on board, Key aspect of ESP: - 1.A specific survey programs in written format must be worked out in advance. 2. Dry docking is required to complete a special survey of hull. 3. All tanks coatings are to be evaluated per-odically. 4. Aclose up survey is required to be carried out to check the condition of the critical mem: bers of the ship's structures specially transverse web frame, deck & bottom tranaverse & transverse bulkhead. 5. Thickness measurement report & Extended close up survey. Applicatior ‘Tanker’ all tanker 500GT and above & mandavory for crude oil carrier 20,000DWT & above, Product tanker of 30,000DWT and above. lo limit. As the age increase the eurvey becomes more stringent. © Below the water line: where the plates are continuously immerged into water. © Boot top area where the immersion is intermittent and much abrasion occurs. o The top side & superstructure, ouure n Navigational wa Q ce s ‘There are two main systems to provide Navigational information to Mariners: 1 + Admiralty Notices to Mariners 2 f NTH Radio Navigational Warning a. c NAV AREA WARNING —-16-NAVAREA +2 LONG RANGE ~ SC NAVWaRNING a = fy Mer) Gydropack & Hydrolan) + ltyclaoAne _ d COASTAL WARNING — NAVTEX, BGC, VAF LOCAL WARNING — ~ PILOT/POR'/COAST GUARD. Electromagneticlog. Doppler log. Impeller log. Page 120f 814 \ COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25” you VELOSITe x ree on 16 Nov “Answer: This United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea it came in to for 1994. It provides a thorough definitions of and guidelines for the establishment of the maritime zones by coastal state as well as establishing the right of the mariners to enjoy freedom of navi- gation. Details can be found in Annual Notices to Mariners in No.12. i eouLipuoNs Zone i onutcen ‘Answer: A distance of 24miles from the territorial base line. Within this I as a Master have to follow the Customs, Immigration or sanitary rules of the state. see ave cane cre wchem Sine Adong tine Qrast Mentiadtecn Cenge debe Ld Tou dingoen iii Paden pen Whn tiniehisedoly /rights does the country have under whose jurisdiction you are presently? Answer: It gives the foreign vessels the right of innocent passage through the territorial seas without making a port of call, without stopping or anchoring except it is incidental to normal navigation. ‘The right of innocent passage also extends to internal waters where these waters were recognised as a route used for international navigation. It restricts the following activities: © Any threat or use of force against the sovereignty. Any exercise or practice with weapons of any kind. Any act aimed at collecting information to the prejudice of the defence of coastal state. Any act of propaganda aimed at affecting the defence of coastal state. Launching landing or taking on board any military aircraft / military device. Loading / unloading any commodity or person contrary to Customs. Immigration or Sani- tary laws and regulation of costal state. © Any fishing activities. © Any act of wilful and serious pollution contrary to the UNCLOS. © Carrying out any research or survey activities. o0000 wer: To a distance 200 nm the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing the natural resources. It has the jurisdiction over the establishment of artificial -slands, installations and structures within the zone and control of marine scientific research an the protection & preservation of marine envi ‘The prevention of corrosion by making the metal to protect a cathode; this is because when cor- rosion occurs in an electrolyte, corrosion cells are set up causing electric currents to flow out from anodes to cathodes; the anodes give itself up or corrode and the cathodes receive current or get protected; on a ship, cathodic protection is applied on the ship's hull, sea water piping sys" tem, ballast tanks, etc. ‘There are 2 types Cathodic protection System 1. Impress Current System. 2, Sacrificial Anode: a. Zine Anode b. Aluminium Anode Page 13 of 81For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" COC CLASS 1 ORAL wo Hydropack & Hydrolant 5 NAVIGATIONAL WARNINGS Docking with Cargo: Prepare Necessary documents for Docking. This is not a normal docking that’s why You have to follow the followings to satisfy Capt.Loo. . Contact with Dock authority & inform about the condi- tion. . Provide detail stowage plan and ask for extra shores / blocks. : If damage is close to the water level in that case advice to keep the vis partly submerge. . Ask Owner / Charterer to transhift the cargo. Page 14 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL SECTION - 3 TECHNICAL TERM standing Moor: ‘The vessel headed into the stream or with wind instead of stream no engine movement drop the weather anchor and drift downstream rendering her port anchor to about twice of the final cable. She is brought up and then stbd anchor let go and slowly heave up port anchor and render stb’d. make the vessel middles herself between the anchors. inning Moor: As above the vessel heads the tidal stream or wind. The lee anchor is let go with headway on the vessel at a position distance from the AB line is twice the final length. The cable is rendered as the vessel moves ahead. The lee anchor is laid equal to the sum of the two _ oo sel can detain © Valid Documents ~ Statutory Cert, o Safe Manning Documents & In addition © Navigational Safety Cargo Handling safety EMR Safety Steering Gear Abandon ship Prevention of pollution Maintain Adequate stability Watertight Integrity Page 19 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25” * Communication in distress It is basically for the strengthen and prevent them from twisting ces | jhile stowing in locker. X represents the serial no & YYY represent the certifying authority. SS CS on 5 DBL Undewi There are 4 parts in the above register Part. 1: Records of periodical survey original & retesting of proof test. Part 2: Records of annual inspection of cargo gears. Part 3: Records of annealing of wrought iron gear Part 4: Various certificates of test & Inspection cs attachment. Note: The register should be preserved for at least 5 years after the date of last entry. Sailing directions which are being maintained by continuous revision are no longer amending by supplement but important amends will be published in weekly NTM. New edition will be pub- lished at 3 years intervals. FSA: One way of ensuring that action is taken before a disaster occurs is the use a process known as formal safety assessment. FSA is a structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, health, the marine environment and property, by using risk analysis and cost benefit assessment. It is a rational & systematic process for assessing the risks associated with shipping activities. It can be used as a tool to facilitate a transparent decision-making process, enabling potential hazards to be considered before an ac~ cident occurs. Risk is one way of ensuring that action is taken before performing any critical jobs on board. Risk Assessment is a structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing shipboard safety, including protection of life, health, the marine environment and property. * the expectation of loss. * anexpression of the combined severity and probability of loss. + the long-term rate of loss; the loss rate value. Is a rational & systematic process for assessing the risks associated with shipboard activities Page 20 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL ee For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" t - IN ANY 8 DIAMETER WHEN 10% OF THE WIRES ARE BROKEN FOR STANDING RIGGING - STEEL WIRE ROPE (6 x 6 WPS) FOR RUNNING RIGGING - FLEXIBLE STEEL WIRE ROPE (6 x 12/18/24 WPS) EXTRA FLEXIBLE STEEL WIRE ROPE (6 x 36 WPS) (EXTRA FLEXIBLE STEEL WIRE ROPE HAS.A FIBRE CORE FOR LUBRICATION AND FLEXIBILITY) [WPS - WIRES PER STRANDS) BREAKING STRESS (BS) = 20 D2/500 SWL = BS/6 UNION PURCHASE SWL = 1/3 SWL OF SINGLE DERRICK SAFE ANGLE BETWEEN RUNNERS = 90 (120 OCCASIONAL LIFTING) Slamming Under some conditions, the pressures exerted by the water on a ship's hull become very large and slamming occurs. Slamming is characterized by a sudden change in the vertical acceleration of the ship followed by a vibration of the ship girder in its natural frequencies. The conditions leading to slamming are high relative velocity between ship and water, shallow draught and small rise of floor. The area between 10 and 25 per cent of the length from the bow is the area most likely to suffer high pressures and to sustain damage. + Maximum operating angle of cither derrick should be $4.” not less than 15° to the horizon, recommended angle be not less than 30”. ‘The maximum included angle between the cargo runners must not exceed 120° ‘The outreach beyond the midship breadth should not be less than 4m. Should maintain the minimum headroom, For 2 tons (22223 the minimum head room is 5m. SCREENS on and size of deck eye plates Pos jon of inboard and outboard booms Maximum head room (i.c. permissible height of cargo hook above hatch coaming) ‘Maximum angle between runners Position, size and SWI of blocks Length size and SWL of runners, topaing lifts, guys and preventers SWL of shackles Position of derricks producing maximum forces 9. Optimum position for guys and preventers to resist such maximum forees 10. Combined diagram showing forces for a load of I tonne or the SWL 11, Guidance on the maintenance of the derrick rig. ereosene Page 21 of 81d COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" 1) Ensure stability of vessel is adequate and maximum heel is acceptable. (Eliminate free surface) (large GM small Heel\(monitor practically during operation via inclinom- eter) 2) Rig extra mast stays as necessary. 3) Carefully check condition of derrick and gear before use. (Ensure free rotation of sheaves. Oil and grease as necessary. Ensure SWL of all gear adequate and have valid test certificates) 4) Rig fenders as necessary 5) Ensure all moorings taut and have men standby to tend as necessary 6) Put winches in double gear (for slow cperation) 7) Clear area of the deck where the weight is to be landed of all obstructions and lay heavy dunnage to spread load. 8) Check ship’s data to ensure deck is st-ong enough to support load. (Deck load capaci ty plan) 9) Clear are of all but essential personnel 10) Ensure winch drivers competent and fully aware of who is to give directions. 11) Secure steadying lines to corners of loads 12) Remove rails if possible 13) Cast off any barges alongside 14) Inform all relevant personnel before lift begins 15) Raise gangway before lift commences 16) Use lifting points - otherwise sling it, using dunnage for sharp corners 17) Set tight steam guys before lifting 18) When all ready take weight slowly then stop and inspect all around before lifting fur~ | ther, Be f (Sal zi ie Life boat sails provided with First Letter & Last Letter of the Vessel’s Name. ‘Such as “MTT. VACY ASH” so life boat sail will have V & H, tional Load of any equipment in excess of SWL Upto 20¢ 25% in excess of SWL (means SWL x 1.25t) >20t To 50 10% in excess of SWL (means SWL x 1.00t) Page 22 of 81~ COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt:Loo by Syed Borkan Ei 25" SECTION — 4 ISPS — SOLAS XI-2 a - “1. What is DOS & When will you issue DOS: "It is a Declaration of Security in short form DOS. It is mainly related with ISPS code. Following are the reasons when is necessary to issue DOS When the ship or port facility is operating at higher level than the other. When there is an agreement on DOS between contacting government. When there has been a security incident or threat involving port facility or ship. When the ship is at port which don’t require having an implemented FPSP- When the ship conducting ST'S operation which don’t require having SSP. en you ean Show the ships Security Plan to any authority: When the attending inspector have clear ground to believe that the vessel is not complying as per SOLAS XI — 2 and or ISPS Code then only he can but have limited access to specific section of the plan relating to the non compliance is exceptionally allowed but only with the-consent of the contracting Government or the Master excert the following area as per ISPS CODE Identification of restricted area & measures to prevent unauthorized access. Procedure for responding to security threat. Procedure for responding to any security instructions Duties of ship board personnel. Procedures to ensure inspection test calibration of security equipments. Identification of location of Security alert activation point. Procedure, Instructions and Guidance of SSAS. 4-Procedure, 2-Identification & 1-Duty. | Mihm ‘you will do ISPS drill: - i are to be carried out once every 3 months, When there is 25% of crew member were unable to participate on the last drill in that case drill to be carried out within a week of sailing. Exer- cise: - to be carried out at least one each calendar year or not exceeding 18 months. 4, What is Master’s responsibility in ISPS: - Tre master’s responsibility in ISPS is to provide necessary support & resources to Ships Security Officer to implement the ISPS efficiently. He has to ensure that the ISPS is fully maintained and there should not be any breach of security. ‘Trainings are conducted. Crews are performing their duties accordingly. Inspections of gangway register / log book entries frequently and To keep the confidential file in safe. | What is the compliance of ISPS? Te complies with ships trading on international voyage Passenger ships including high speed craft of irrespective size Cargo ships including high speed crafts of 500gt and above. MODU. Port facility serving such vessel The ISPS code does not applicable to the following? War ships. Naval ausiliaries. Ships owned & operating by contracting government used for non commercial service 5. What are companies Obligation under ISPS? = Ensure SSP contains a clear statement emphasizing the Master's authority. Page 23 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25” Established in the SSP that the Master has the overriding authority with respect to safety & se~ curity. Ensure that the CSO, SSO, and the Master are given the necessary support to fulfill their duties, _ 8 Define the Security Level: here are three different security level in ISPS. Level 1(Normal Operation) Minimum appropriate protective security measures to be maintained at all times. Level 2 (High Risk) Appropriate additional protective security measures to be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk. Level 3 (Imminent Danger) Further specific protective security measures to be maintained for a limited period of time where a security thread is probable or imminent. What are the duties of SSO? ‘ollowings are as per the code: Under take a regular security inspection. Maintain & supervise the implementation of SSP. Coordinating security aspect. Proposing modification of SSP. Reporting to CSO & Review. Improve security awareness. Adequate training to ship's crew to be provided. Coordinating with CSO & FPSO. SSAS Operate, Test, Calibrate & Maintenance. 8. Certification: International Ship Security Certificate (ISSP Cert.) to be valid for 5 Years. Initial Verification Intermediate (3 months before or after) between 2 or 34 anniversary. To be endorsed on the certificate. Renewal not exceeding 5years. Additional verification as determined by the administration. 9. When an interim ISSP Cort ean be issued? = Followings are the reason: 1) Ships on delivery. 2) Change of flag state / Registry. 3) Change of Management/Operator. Itis valid for 6 months only with no extension. Beha do you know about CSR?* ntinuous Synopsis Record. Cireular: 07/2004, SOLAS Chapter XI-2 Regulation 5 A ship to earry CSR which is intended to provide an onboard record of history of the ship issued by flag state. Form I: All CSR documents issued by ships administration. Form 2: All amendment forms, Company or Master to complete. Form 3: All indices of amendment Note? CSR Must be issue asap but not latter than 3 months from the date of change Page 24 of 81= as COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" ‘The Ship Security Alert System (SSAS):- This system should be provided in two location In navigating bridge. Other agreed by CSO. SECTION —5 BAD WEATHER 1. Bad Weather Precaution The vessel must be made as seaworthy as possidle before the onset of bad weather, paying par- ticular attention to the following Must follow the company’s SMS of bad weather procedure & filled up checklist. ‘Think Crew safety & safety of the ship. Divide the member of the crew in 3 groups Checks all deck lashing doubling up if require. ‘Tightening of boat grips. Batten down all cargo holds, close all openings. Prepare a life line throughout the exposed deck. All openings on weather deck are to be made weather tight. Press up all ballast tanks’ try to minimize the FSE of liquid in tanks. Remove all lose geais from the deck. Arrange watches as per the situation demands. AILLSA & FFA should be checked for the accidental loss All departmental heads are to take necessary precautions. Make a formal safety assessment. SE the vessel is situated on steep fore front of high wave on Following & Quartering Sea. Vessel & wave may have equal velocity. She may accelerate. This is known as Surfriding. Vessel may lose stability and she may slewed violently, she may heel over & swaped. If the ship's speed is higher than these (1.8V L)/COS (180 -a) (knots). jroaching To: - Tt occurs when the vessel is on surfriding. Vessel may slewed violently. She may heels suddenly & unexpectedly to a large angle. Positively stability may disappear to the existing angle of heel. Tt may cause the vessel to capsize. Action: Reduction of speed be less than 1.4VLkts. Geren Rolling en encounter wave period (Tx) is nearly equal to the vessels’ natural roll period (Tx). That is Tr=Te. Large rolling motions may be excited when the natural rolling period of a ship coincides with the encounter wave period. In case of navigation in following and quartering seas this may happen when the transverse stability of the ship is marginal and therefore the natural roll peri- od becomes longer. arametric Rolling _ When encounter wave period (T) is nearly half to the vessels’ natural roll period (Tx). That is Ts = Tx, Action for Both: - Head to soa or bring the sea to just abaft the beam. While reducing speed vessel should have minimum steerage by which she ean maneuver. . What is Pooping? Breaking of rising wave on the poop deck area it develops when the weather is directly from astern, Vessel of less freeboard may suffer from pooping. It happened when the falls into the trough of the wave and when sea velocity is equal or greater then ship's velocity. Action: A/C & Head to sea. Page 25 of 81COC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" 7. Synchronize Pitching ** It occurs when the period of pitch of the vessel is equal or nearly equal to the encounter wave period. It causes excessive racing of engines, longitudinal stranding of hull and heavy damage due to shipping seas. Reduce speed to change the period of encounter. Increasing speed will cause the vessel to pounding. 2 3 2826 2 i”. = r 30 20 Were period ta ZAR poe tetb10 2072 pw ew 8 6 toe ee Period of encounter Tg 7 Figure 1: Determination of the period of encounter Tr 1 230" 200° so" 0° H 100" 20 ‘vor aCOC CLASS 1 ORAL For Capt.Loo by Syed Borhan Elahi 25" Wreq Cepee Deagth > O-SL hesta > 4 LE Suecesme wveere AWe ede — Ti __Ingeneral a ships turning circle is smaller when. carried out at slow speed. So don't turn the ves- sel at full speed. Waves are tends to travel with variable frequency or consist of about. 8 waves in a group. There is lull period 1-2 waves among the wave group. ‘The turn should be executed in such a manner the vessel is beam on to the weather only during relatively calm periods between the waves. Careful observation should be made to determine the lull period. Start turning the vessel with extreme caution at slow rate for first half of the turn. When critical period is passed turns the vessel completely & makes the V/L steady on the next, When a ship is riding on the wave crest, the intact stability can be decreased substantially ac~ cording to changes of the submerged hull form. This stability reduction may become critical for wave lengths within the range of 0.6 L up to 2.3 L, where L is the ship's length in metres. Within this range the amount of stability reduction is nearly proportional to the wave height. This situ- ation is particularly dangerous in following and quartering seas, because the duration of riding on the wave crest, which corresponds to the time interval of reduced stability, becomes longer. All doorways and other openings through which water may enter into the hull, superstructures or deckhouses etc., should be suitably closed in bad weather conditions and accordingly all appliances for this purpose should be maintained on board and in good condition. Weathertight and watertight hatches, door, etc., should be kept closed during navigation, except when necessarily opened for the working of the ship, and should always be ready for immediate closure and be clearly marked to indicate that these fittings are to be kept closed except for access. Reliance on automatic steering may be dangerous as this prevents ready changes to course which may be needed in bad weather conditions. In all conditions of loading, necessary care should be taken to maintain a seaworthy freeboard. In severe weather, the speed of the ship should be reduced if excessive rolling, propeller emergence, shipping of water on deck or heavy slamming occtrs. Six heavy slammings or 25 propeller emergences during 100 pitching motions should be considered dangerous. Special attention shonld be paid when a ship is sailing in following or quartering seas because dangerous phenomena such as parametric resonance, broaching to, reduction of stability on the wave crest, and excessive rolling may occur singularly, in sequence or simultaneously in a multiple combination, creating a threat of capsize. Particularly dangerous is the situation when the wave length is of the order of1.0 to 1.5 ship’s length. A ship's speed and/or course should be altered appropriately to avoid the above mentioned phenomena. Water trapping in deck wells should be avoided. If freeing ports are not sufficient for the drainage of the well, the speed of the ship should be reduced or the course changed, or both. Freeing ports provided with closing appliances should always be capable of functioning and are not to be locked: ‘Masters should be aware that steep or breaking waves may occur in certain areas, or in certain wind and current combinations (river estuaries, shallow water areas, funnel-shaped bays, ctc.). These