PART ONE — —

AUTOMATIC PISTOLS
CHAPTER ONE DESCRIPTION
SECTION 1
GENERAL CHARACTERI5TICS-
AUTOMATIC PISTOL CAL. 45, M19 T 1 AND M1911 A 1

1 . DESCRIPTION.
.
a The Automatic Pistols, Cal. .45, M1911 and M1911A1, are recoil -
-
operated, magazine-fed, self loading hand weapons ( figs. 1, 2 , and 3 ) .
The gas generated from a cartridge fired in either pistol is utilized to
extract and eject the empty cartridge case, cock the hammer, and force
the slide to the rearmost position, thereby compressing the recoil spring.
The action of the recoil spring forces the slide forward. This feeds a
live cartridge from the magazine into the chamber leaving the weapon
ready to fire again.
b. The M 1911A1 Pistol is a modification of the M1911 Pistol, ( figs.
2 and 4 ) but its operation is exactly the same and the differences do not
affect the maintenance. In the model M19 UA1 the differences are:
( 1) The tang of the grip safety is extended to provide better pro¬
tection for the hand.
( 2 ) A clearance cut is made on the receiver for the trigger finger.
( 3 ) The face of the trigger is cut back and knurled.
( 4 ) The mainspring housing is raised in the form of a curve to fit
the palm of the hand and is knurled.
( 5 ) The top of the front sight is widened , rear notch widened •
.
c The pistol is designed to fire CARTRIDGE, ball, Cal. .45, M1911.
The magazine holds seven cartridges. The upper cartridge is stripped
from the magazine and forced into the chamber by the forward motion
of the slide. The pistol fires once at each squeeze of the trigger. When
the last cartridge in the magazine has been fired, the slide remains open.
The magazine catch is then depressed and the magazine is forced out
by the magazine spring. The rate of fire is limited only by the ability
of the operator to insert magazines and to squeeze the trigger .

2. GENERAL DATA.
a. Characteristics.
Barrel .
Caliber of bore 0.45 in.
Number of grooves 6 in.
Twist in rifling, uniform L. H., ( one turn ) 16 in.
Length of barrel 5.03 in.
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Figure 1 — klght Side of Pltfol MI9IMI

WIDE FRONT SIGHT

r
,
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EXTENDED GRIP
SAFETY TANG

r
CURVED
MAINSPRING
HOUSING
l>1 TRIGGER CUT BACK N
AND KNURLED
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CLEARANCE
CUT

Figure 2 — Left Side of Pistol MT 9 JMI Showing Exterior Difference

between If and MI97 T
O'

Figure 3
— Right Side of Pistol MI 9 II

NARROW FRONT SIGHT

SHORT GRIP
SAFETY TANG
*

LONG TRIGGER
WITHOUT KNURLING
CLEARANCE 3 FLAT
CUT MAINSPRING
OMITTED HOUSING
1

u
Figure 4
— Left Side of Pistol M 1911 Showing Exterior
Between It and M 1911 A 1
Differences
CHAPTER 2
MECHANICAL TRAINING

Section L DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY

-
M 1911A1
3. General
WIDE FRONT SIGHT
To insure that the pistol will function correctly, it is necessary
to disassemble it to inspect and clean the parts. This chapter
explains general disassembly, detailed disassembly of the three
main groups, assembly , functioning, care and cleaning, stoppages,
and immediate action. It is a guide for mechanical training and
outlines the procedures to be followed.

4. Nomenclature
-
FA 1911 The names of the parts of the pistol are learned during prac¬
NARROW FRONT SIGHT tice in disassembly and assembly. As each part is removed and
replaced, the nomenclature is repeated until known. Generally,
Figure 5 — Top of Pisfofc MT 9 IIJ 1 and MI 9 N Showing
Difference in Width of Sights
the parts are named for their functions. For example, the trigger
guard guards the trigger, the extractor extracts the cartridge
case from the chamber , and the ejector ejects the cartridge case
from the pistol.
Pistol.
Over-all length of pistol 8.593 in. 5. Guides to Follow in Disassembly and Assembly
Height of front sight above axis of bore 0,5597 in .
Weights, These guides should be followed when the pistol is being dis¬
Weight of pistol with magazine 2.437 lb
assembled and assembled .
Weight of loaded magazine , with 7 rounds approximate . 0,481 lb . - -
a Follow the step by step explanation in disassembling the
Weight of empty magazine 0.156 lb pistol.
Trigger pull.
b . If it is necessary to apply force, do it carefully so that none
Pistols, new or repaired SVzto 6 x/2 lb of the parts become damaged.
Pistols, in hands of troops . .- 5 to 6 Vz lb
c. As the weapon is disassembled , lay out the parts in the
Miscellaneous, order of their removal. Disassembly mats ( GTA 9-617 ) are
Chamber pressure ( maximum ) _ 17 ,000 pounds excellent aids during this phase of training. This procedure helps
per square inch
Muzzle velocity ( maximum ) _ _ _
in assembly of the weapon, which is done in the reverse order of
Maximum range
830 feet per second
1500 meters
disassembly .
Maximum effective range 50 meters 6. General Disassembly
Sight radius 6, 481 inches
General disassembly is the disassembly necessary for normal
care and cleaning. General disassembly consists of the removal
of the parts shown in figure 10.
B 9
RECOIL SPRING PLUG
BARREL BUSHING

¥
SLIDE STOP

MAGAZINE CATCH

SAFETY
MAGAZINE
LOCK A
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Figure 7. Press down on the recoil spring plug and turn the barrel bushing
i XA turn clockwise . Allow the recoil spring to expand slowly , under
control , to prevent injury or loss of the part . Turn the recoil spring
plug counterclockwise and remove it from the recoil spring .

Figure G. Press the magazine catch and remove the magazine . Pull the
slide to the rear and inspect the chamber to see that the weapon is
a. Barrel . Push the barrel link forward on the barrel and re¬
clear . Press dow?i on the slide stop atid allow slide to move forward. place the barrel , chamber end first, in the slide ( figr& ) ,
Press the safety lock upward to the SAFE position , b. Barrel Bushing , Place the barrel bushing on the muzzle
end of the barrel, push it into the slide, and turn it clockwise
7 , Procedure for General Disassembly (f i f i U J j .

Procedure for general disassembly is shown in figures $ c. Recoil Spring and Recoil Spring Guide . Insert the recoil ,
through 12 spring guide into the tightest end of the recoil spring. Replace
these pails in the slide ( [Link].) . Be sure that the concave cut on
8 - Procedure for General Assembly the recoil spring guide collar is properly seated on the barrel
Replace part s in reverse order of disassembly. Push the barrel, recoil spring, and recoil spring guide fully
forward in the slide, insuring that the barrel link is positioned
10 AGO fliaia
11
SLIDE STOP DISASSEMBLY NOTCH

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mwwvvvwvwi RECOIL SPRING GUIDE
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RECOIL SPRING

.
Figure to Remove the recoil spring guide and recoil spring. Separate the
two parts with a twisting action .
Figure S. Press the safety lock downward to the FIRE position. Push the
slide to the rear until the disassembly notch is a lined with the rear
projection on the' slide stop. Press the protruding end of the slide stop
pin with the right forefinger and pull out the slide stop.

RECEIVER

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f BARREL BUSHING ^

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SLIDE 1
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Figure 11 Remove the barrel bushing by turning it counterclockwise and
pulling it from the slide , .

Figure 9. Pull the receiver rearward to separate it from the slide .

12 13
forward and rests against the hole in the recoil spring guide
< **
fi >).
d. Assembling the Receiver Group to the Slide Group, Hold
the slide with the sights down in the palm of one hand. Invert
the receiver ( the safety lock must be in the FIRE position) and
engage the guide rails of the receiver in the grooves of the slide -
O

( fig. .9. ) . Push the receiver all the way forward on the slide with z o
a quick motion.
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e. Slide Stop . Hold the pistol as shown in figure S Look .

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through the slide stop pin hole in the receiver for alinement of to 55 |
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this hole with the hole in the barrel link. If the holes are not O
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alined, move the muzzle end of the barrel forward or rearward
9
to aline them. Insert the slide stop pin into the holes. Move the
slide forward untit the disassembly notch is over the square hole
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8
in the left side of the receiver ( fig. s.) . Press the slide stop up
and in to fully seat it. In some cases, a drift may be required to
depress the slide stop plunger in order to fully seat the slide stop.
o
/. Recoil Spring Plug. Push the slide fully forward on the re ¬

ceiver and press the safety lock upward to the SAFE position. Si
Place the recoil spring plug on the recoil spring. Turn the recoil Z
5
spring plug clockwise to lock the plug to the recoil spring. Hold ¬ QC J»
ing the pistol as shown in figure 7, insert the recoil spring and
C
push downward on the recoil spring plug, compressing the spring S
until the plug is inside the slide. Turn the barrel bushing counter 2
*
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clockwise to lock the recoil spring plug in place. Press the safety 2 < £
lock downward to the FIRE position and squeeze the trigger. Eg II1
g. Magazine. Insert the magazine into the magazine recess of j
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the pistol until it is fully seated and held by the magazine catch
{fig. ft ) . This completes general assembly.
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BARREL LINK

BARREL X 35 i
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Figure IS, Push the barrel link forward and. remove the barrel from the
.
front end of the slide. This completes general disassembly £
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14 15
Section II
A
FUNCT IONING

Li Si
9* FUNCTIONING.
.
a In loading, the charged magazine is inserted in the receiver ( figJ
II
-0
and the slide is drawn once to the rear. This movement cocks the
hammer and compresses the recoil spring ( fig.15). The magazine follower
then raises the upper cartridge into the path of the slide ( fig, 10) . When V\
the slide is released , it is forced forward by the recoil spring and carries
the first cartridge into the chamber of the barrel . As the slide approaches \
its forward position, it encounters the rear extension of the barrel and
forces the barrel forward. The rear end of the barrel then swings upward
on the barrel link as on a pivot. When the slide and barrel reach their
forward position, they are positively locked together by the locking ribs
on the barrel and slide. Their joint forward movement is arrested by
F/gure Sectional View of Pistol MI 9 JJAI , Slide Bach,
the barrel lug encountering the pin on the slide stop. The pistol is then
Hammer Back , Magazine Full fC/iciosedi
ready for firing ( fig. 17 ) .
.
b If it is desired to fire more than the magazine limit of seven
cartridges at one loading, an additional cartridge is inserted by hand into
the chamber of the barrel prior to inserting a loaded magazine. This is
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ail
Figure JfJ .
- Sectional View of Pistol M 19 IMT . Slide Partly forward ,
Cartridge Entering Chambert Hammer Bach

accomplished by drawing back the slide, inserting the cartridge, allow¬

ing the slide to close, then locking the slide and the cocked hammer by

—
Figure / } Sectional View of Phiof M 19 IMT , Slide Forward
Magazine Loaded, Chamber Empty , Hammer Down
pressing the safety lock upward. The slide and hammer are thus posi¬
tively locked and the pistol may be carried safely at full cock. It is only
necessary to press down the safety lock to make the pistol ready to fire.
16 17
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Figure jy.
— Cartridge
Sectional View of PisfoJ M 79 M 41 SJide Closed.
Chamber Hammer Bach
in ,
, Figure is. — Sectional View of PisfoJ M 1911 A 1 , Hammer Down,
Firing Pin Striking Cartridge
c. When the hammer is cocked , the hammer strut moves downward
of the head of the cartridge case. It contains the detonating charge which
compressing the mainspring. The sear under the action of the long leaf
is ignited by the impact of the firing pin . Detonation of this charge then
of the sear spring engages its nose or tip in the notch on the hammer,
ignites the propelling powder charge contained in the cartridge case,
holding it in the cocked position,
d. In order that the pistol may be fired, the following conditions f. The pressure of the gases generated in the barrel by the explosion
of the powder in the cartridge is exerted in a forward direction against
must exist :
the bullet , driving it through the bore. Pressure is also exerted in a rear ¬
( 1) The grip safety must be pressed in permitting the trigger to
ward direction against the face of the slide, driving it and the barrel
move.
backward together. The slide travels the full distance while the barrel
( 2 ) The slide must be in its forward position, properly interlocked moves about % inch. The downward swing movement of the barrel
with the barrel, so that the disconnector is well in the recess on the disengages it from the corresponding grooves in the slide. The barrel is
underside of the slide, under action of the center leaf of the sear spring. then stopped in its lowest position. The slide continues to move to the
In this position, it transmits any motion of the trigger to the disconnector rear , opening the breech, cocking the hammer, extracting and ejecting
and sear. the empty shell, and compressing the recoil spring until the slide
( 3 ) The safety lock must be down , in the unlocked position, so that reaches its rearmost position ( fig. Jp ) . The return movement of the
the sear will be unblocked and free to release the hammer. The slide slide under the pressure of the recoil spring catches the cartridge, forc¬
wTill then be free to move back, ing it forward . The lips on the magazine, as well as the loading ramp
.
e Squeezing the trigger disengages the sear from the sear notch, on the rear end of the barrel, guide the cartridge into the chamber.
releasing the hammer and letting it strike the firing pin. The blow .
g The weight, and consequently the inertia of the slide and the
overcomes the inertia of the pin and causes it to move forward. The barrel* is so much greater than the weight and inertia of the bullet that
forward end of the pin then strikes the primer of the cartridge, causing the latter is driven from the muzzle before the slide and barrel have
it to fire { fig. 18 ). recoiled to the point where the barrel commences its unlocking move ¬

NOTK : The primer of the cartridge is the cap inserted in the center ment . Thus, the opening of the breech of the barrel is delayed until
18 19
Section JIL LOADING, FIRING, AND UNLOADING

=
2:
mm
10. Operational Tests Before Firing
Warning : Refore making the following tests inspect to insure
that the magazine is removed and the chamber is empty,
a . Safety Lock . Cock the hammer and press the safety lock up
into the SAFE position . Grasp the stock so that the grip safety
is depressed and squeeze the trigger three or four times. If the
hammer falls, the safety lock is not safe and must be replaced .
b. Grip Safety. Cock the hammer and , being careful not to
depress the grip safety , point the pistol down , and squeeze the
trigger three or four times. If the hammer falls, the grip safety
or sear spring must be replaced .
c. Half Cock Notch . Pull the hammer rearward until the sear
engages the half cock notch and squeeze the trigger. If 'the
hammer falls, the hammer or sear must be replaced . Pull the
Figure 19 —Sectional View at Pistol M 791 MI , Slide lack
Cartridge Being Ejected, Hammer Back , Magazine Empty
. hammer rearward nearly to the fall cock notch and let it fall. It
should fall only to the half cock notch.
after the bullet has left the muzzle and the escape of any of the powder d . Disconnector. Cock the hammer and push the slide Vi inch
gases to the rear is practically prevented. This factor of safety is further to the rear ; hold the slide in that position and squeeze the trigger.
increased by the tension of the recoil spring and mainspring, both of Let the slide go forward, maintaining the pressure on the trigger.
which oppose the rearward movement of the slide. If the hammer falls, the disconnector is worn and must be re ¬
placed . Pull the slide all the way to the rear , squeeze the trigger
.
h The comparatively great weight of the slide of the pistol not only and release the slide ; the hammer should not fall. Release the
prevents premature opening of the breech, but also assures operation of
pressure on the trigger, squeeze it , and the hammer should fall.
the pistol. This is because the heavy slide attains a sufficient momentum
The disconnector prevents the release of the hammer until the
to enable it to complete the rearward movement , allowing the cartridge
slide and barrel are fully forward and locked . If the hammer falls
to be forced into position by the magazine follower under pressure of
upon release of the slide, the disconnector should be replaced .
the magazine spring.
i. When the magazine has been emptied, the pawl-shaped slide stop 11. Load
is raised into the front recess on the lower left side of the slide by the Draw the pistol from the holster and hold it at the position of
magazine follower under the action of the magazine spring. This locks raise pistol Insert a magazine loaded with from one to
the slide in the opened position and serves as an indicator to remind seven rounds of ammunition. Grasp the slide with the left hand ,
the operator that the empty magazine must be replaced by a loaded one . thumb on the right side of slide as shown in figure 20 *
Pressure upon the magazine catch quickly releases the empty magazine Pull the slide fully to the rear , release, and press the safety lock
from the receiver, thus permitting the insertion of a loaded magazine. up to the SAFE position with the left forefinger.
j. To release the slide from the open position, it is only necessary
to press upon the thumb piece of the slide stop. The slide will then go 12. Fire
forward to its closed position carrying a cartridge from the magazine To fire the pistol, press the safety lock down to the FIRE
into the barrel and the pistol is ready to fire again. position with the left thumb to prevent disturbing the firing grip

20 21
required to find and correct malfunctions or stoppages in a mini ¬
mum of time.

15. Malfunctions
A malfunction is a failure of the weapon to function satis¬
factorily. Malfunctions are classified as defects in the weapon
that normally do not cause a break in the cycle of operation. These
may be discovered when the operational tests are being performed
( par , 10 ) . The following are some malfunctions and their causes :
a. The grip safety does not block the trigger ; a faulty sear
* spring.
b. The slide does not remain to the rear after the last round
is fired ; a worn or broken magazine follower step, slide stop, or a
weak or broken magazine spring.
c 16 . Stoppages
a. A stoppage is any unintentional interruption in the cycle of
operation . If the pistol stops firing through no fault of the firer ,
or an attempt to fire is made and the weapon does not fire, then a
Figu re 20 . Posit ion of hand s at load . stoppage has occurred .
b. Stoppages are classified in accordance with the eight steps
of the right hand . Obtain the correct sight alinement and sight in the cycle of operation. Stoppages are usually the result of worn
picture and squeeze the trigger. To fire successive shots, the parts or improper care of the weapon . A knowledge of func ¬
trigger must be released and squeezed again . When the last tioning enables the soldier to classify and correct stoppages . The
cartridge from the magazine has been fired , the slide remains following are the main classifications of stoppages and their
to the rear. causes :
13. Unload ( 1 ) Failure to feed . The top cartridge in
the magazine is not
properly positioned behind the barrel and in the path
To unload , come to the position of rais e pistol . Press the mag
azine catch and remove the magazine ,
*
of the slide . Caused by —
If the siide is in
the forward position , pull the slide to the rear and push the slide (a ) Dirty or dented magazine .
stop up . Inspect the chamber to insure that the pistol is clear. (b) Weak or broken magazine spring .
Press the slide stop down , allowing the slide to go forward. Re ¬ ( c) Worn or broken magazine catch .
maining at raise pistol , squeeze the trigger ; then holster the (d ) Improper assembly ( magazine spring backwards ) .
weapon . (e ) Bent magazine follower .
( 2 ) Failure to chamber . The top cartridge from the mag¬
Section IV . MALFUNCTIONS, STOPPAGES, AND azine is not fully seated in the chamber. Caused by —
IMMEDIATE ACTION ( a ) Dirty chamber .
14. General ( b ) Dented cartridge case.
The pistol is a mechanical device and , as parts become worn , ( r ) Weak recoil spring.
broken , dirty , or dry, stoppages may occur during firing. Sufficient ( d ) Obstruction in the chamber .
knowledge of malfunctions, stoppages, and immediate action is ( e ) Lack of lubrication .

22
23
17. Immediate Action
( / ) Extractor applying too much pressure on the right
side of the cartridge. * a . Immediate action is the prompt action taken by the firer to
( 3 ) Failure to lock . The barrel locking ribs do not interlock reduce a stoppage . The procedure for applying immediate action
with the locking recesses in the slide. Caused by — should become instinctive for the soldier armed with the pistol .
(a ) Lack of lubrication of operating parts. If a stoppage occurs, immediate action is applied automatically
( b ) Burred or dirty barrel locking ribs or locking recesses. in an effort to reduce the stoppage without attempting to dis ¬

( c ) Weak recoil spring. cover the cause at that time.

( d ) Broken barrel link . b . In the event the slide is fully forward , the hammer falls,
( e ) Extractor applying too much pressure on the right and the pistol fails to fire , apply immediate action as follows :
side of the cartridge, * ( 1 ) Manually cock the hammer without opening the chamber
( 4 ) Failure to fire . The hammer falls hut the primer of the and make one additional attempt to fire . If the pistol
cartridge is not ignited. Caused by — still fails to fire , wait 10 seconds, and then come to the
( а ) Faulty ammunition. position of raise pistol . Grasp the slide with the thumb
( б ) Broken firing pin . and first finger of the left hand , keeping the thumb on
( c) Bent or broken hammer strut. the right side of the slide . Pull the slide rearward
( d ) Weak mainspring. rapidly , to its full extent. Rotate the pistol to the right
allowing the unfired round to drop out , release the slide
( 5 ) Failure to unlock. The barrel locking ribs do not dis¬
engage from the locking recesses in the slide . Caused and allow it to return to the forward position , chamber¬
ing a new cartridge.
by-
fa ) Broken barrel link . Caution : Keep the weapon pointed downrange during
( 6 ) Broken barrel link pin . this operation.
( c ) Broken barrel lugs. ( 2 ) Aim and attempt to fire.
( 6 ) Failure to extract . The cartridge case is not removed c . In the event the slid 2 is not fully forward , remove the trigger
from the chamber . Caused by— finger from the trigger guard and with the non -firing hand at ¬
( a ) Broken or worn extractor. tempt to push the slide fully forward . If the slide will not move
( b ) Dirty or pitted chamber. forward, proceed as follows :
( 7 ) Failure to eject . The cartridge case is not ejected from ( 1 ) Bring the weapon to raise pistol .
the pistol. Caused by —
( а ) Faulty extractor ( does not position the cartridge case
( 2 ) Remove the magazine .
( 3 ) Grasp the slide with the left hand as in inspection arms,
for ejection ) . pull the slide to the rear, and lock it with the slide stop,
( б ) Broken ejector . ( 4 ) Inspect the chamber . Remove any obstructions.
( 8 ) Failure to cock . The hammer does not return to the ( 5 ) Insert another loaded magazine into the pistol.
( 6 ) Release the slide .
cocked position. Caused by—
( 7 ) Aim and attempt to fire .
( a ) Worn full cock notch on the hammer.
( 5 ) Worn sear. d . If the weapon does not fire after application of immediate
( e ) Defective sear spring. action as outlined above, a detailed inspection should be made to
( d ) Worn or broken disconnector . determine the cause of the stoppage.
*The extractor groove in steel cased ammunition is shorter than that of
brass cases. The extractor was designed for use with brass eases. When e . To obviate danger from hang fire , wait ID seconds after a misfire,
firing with steel cased ammunition , the extractor, in many instances , will not
fully seat in the extractor groove . This will create friction during the for ¬
then clear the weapon quickly . In the event weapon cannot be
ward movement of the slide , particularly with tight fitted weapons. Modifi cleared quickly and the barrel is hot , danger of cook -off exists. Keep
cation of the extractor is permitted only by Ordnance personnel , or specially
¬
round locked in chamber, point weapon in a safe direction (for per¬
trained Armorers. sonnel and property) , and allow weapon to cool before removing
24 misfired round . „
refined, nonhardening mineral nil containing a rust
inhibiting additive . It. forms a relatively heavy film
that resists direct action of salt spray . This makes it
useful for coating all parts of a weapon before am ¬
phibious operations. It should be used in preference to
lubricating oil, general purpose, PL special, only when
18. Cleaning Materials, Lubricants, and Rust Preventives
the weapon is exposed to salt water, high humidity, or
a . Clea ning Mat eria ls . high temperatures . This oil should not be used in tem ¬
( 1 ) Cleaning compound , solvent ( rifle bore cleaner ) , is used peratures below" freezing.
to dean the bore and the face of the slide after firing. ( 2 ) Lubricating oil, general purpose , PL special, is a thin
It dissolves corrosive primer salts and removes powder oil used for lubricating at below freezing temperatures,
'

ash and carbon . This cleaner has preservative properties and for providing temporary protection against rust.
and provides temporary protection against rust . When this oil is used, moving parts of weapons must be
Caution : Rifle bore cleaner is usable at temperatures inspected frequently to make sure that they have an
of minus 20 ~ Fahrenheit and higher. Do not mix water adequate film of lubricant.
with rifle bore cleaner. This destroys its preservative ( 3 ) Engine oil, SAE 10, may be used when preservative
qualities and impairs its value as a cleaner. lubricating oils cannot be obtained. In cold weather , any
( 2 ) Hot soapy water may be used to dean the bore when heavy oil will cause sluggish operation , and may prevent
rifle bore cleaner is not available . One-quarter pound of the pistol from functioning properly . Engine oil does
soap dissolved in one gallon of water makes a desirable not contain the rust - preventive properties of lubricating,
cleaning solution. After using the solution , dry the preservative oils. When engine oil is used , the pistol
barrel thoroughly and apply a light coat of oil. must be inspected, cleaned , and oiled frequently.

-
( 3 ) Volatile mineral spirits , paint thinner , and dry cleaning
solvent are noncorrosive solvents used for removing oil ,
Daily Preventive Maintenance
a. Damp air and sweaty hands are great promoters of rust .
grease, or light rust-preventive compounds from
Pistols should be cleaned and protected with oil after every drill
weapons . Apply these cleaning agents with a rag to
or handling. The pistol should be inspected each day and cleaned
large parts , and use it as a bath for small parts.
if necessary .
Caution : These solvents are highly flammable. Do .
b To clean the pistol , rub it with a rag lightly saturated with
not smoke when using them. Continuous contact with oil, and then rub with a dry rag. Clean the bore with a swab
them will dry the skin and may cause irritation. .
saturated with oil then with a dry swab. Dust out all crevices
( 4 ) Decontaminating agents are used under special condi¬ writh a small , clean brush .
tions to remove chemical agents c. To protect the pistol after it has been cleaned, cover all the
( 5 ) The swab, small arms cleaning , is a good grade of un ¬ surfaces, including the bore and chamber , with a light coat of
bleached , single-base, napped flannel cotton. Swabs are lubricating, preservative oil,
in the form of cut patches, 2 l > inches square, and are .
d After cleaning and oiling the pistol , place it in the pistol
used for the cleaning of bores of small arms. rack . The use of canvas or similar covers is prohibited , since
( 6 ) Rags, wiping, cotton , are soft and absorbent doth, they collect moisture, which rusts the metal .
usually composed of light clothing rags, free from dust,
20 . Care and Cleaning Before Firing
alkali, and corrosive agents. Rags are used to clean
small arms and other items of equipment, Before the pistol is fired , the bore and chamber and exterior
parts of the receiver of the pistol should be cleaned and dried.
b. Lubricants .
The guide rails on the receiver and the grooves on the slide should
(1) Lubricating oil , general purpose , PL medium , is a highly
be lubricated with oil . A light coat of oil should be placed on all
26 27
other interior metal parts except those that come into contact b. Hot Weather .
with ammunition . Excess oil should be removed from the grips (1) In tropical climates where temperature and humidity
and the grip area of the receiver to aid the firer in gripping the are high , or where salt air is present, and during rainy
weapon . seasons the weapon should be inspected daily and kept
lightly oiled. It should be disassembled daily and all
27 , Care and Cleaning After Firing parts dried and oiled.
The pistol must be cleaned as soon as practicable on the day of ( 2 ) In hot , dry climates where sand and dust may get into
firing and daily for the next three days, or longer if necessary, in the mechanism and bore , all lubricants should be re ¬
the following manner : moved from the pistol, and it should be disassembled
daily for thorough cleaning. It should be wiped dean
a. Disassemble the pistol .
as often as required .
b. Clean all parts with a rag lightly saturated with oil. Dry
all parts and apply a light coat of oil. 23. Care and Cleaning After a CBR Attack
c. Clean the bore and chamber as follows: a. Before Attack . If a chemical , biological, or radiological
( 1 ) Wet a swab with rifle bore cleaner and run it back and ( CBR ) attack is anticipated , the following action is taken : Apply
forth through the bore several times. oil to all outer metal surfaces of the pistol. Do not apply oil to
( 2 ) Attach the pisol bore brush to the cleaning rod and run the ammunition . If the pistol is not to be used , cover the weapon,
it through the bore and chamber several times. accessories, and ammunition with protective coverings and place
( 3 ) Run dry swabs through the bore and chamber until they them under natural cover . Ammunition should be kept in original
are clean . containers as long as possible before anticipated use.
( 4 ) Inspect the bore for cleanliness. If it is not free of all b . After Attack . After a CBR attack , determine by means
residue, repeat the cleaning process. of detectors whether or not the equipment is contaminated . A
( 5 ) When the chamber and bore are clean , coat them with complete suit of protective clothing, including protective gloves
rifle bore cleaner and leave overnight. and a gas mask, must be worn during decontamination. If the
( 6 ) Assemble the pistol. contamination is too great , it may be necessary to discard the
( 7 ) Perform the test for correct assembly equipment. Detailed information on decontamination is con ¬

( 8 ) Apply a light coat of oil to the exterior surfaces of the tained in FM 21 40 and TM 3-220.
-

pistol.
24. Cleaning Pistols Received From Storage
( 9) After the third daily cleaning, if the bore and chamber
are clean , remove the rifle bore cleaner and replace with Pistols removed from storage are coated with lubricating oil,
general purpose , preservative, medium , or corrosion- preventive
a light coat of lubricating, preservative oil.
compound , class 2, ( medium film ) . Weapons received from ord ¬
22. Care and Cleaning Under Unusual Climatic Conditions nance storage are usually coated with corrosion - preventive com¬
pound . Use mineral spirits or paint thinner to remove the com ¬
a. Cold Weather. pound or oil . Failure to thoroughly clean all the parts may
( 1 ) In temperatures below freezing, it is necessary that the cause a stoppage at below normal temperatures, since the cor ¬
moving parts of the weapon be kept free from moisture. rosion-preventive compound will congeal during cold weather.
Excess oil on working parts will solidify and cause After using mineral spirits or paint thinner , dry all parts with
sluggish operation or complete failure. a dry cloth , and apply a thin film of appropriate lubricating oil .
( 2 ) Before cleaning, allow the weapon to attain room tem ¬
perature. Perform detailed disassembly and dean with
dry -cleaning solvent or mineral spirits before use in
temperatures below CP F. Working surfaces that show
signs of wear may be lubricated by rubbing lightly with
a rag that has been wet with oil, lubricating, general
purpose, PL special.
28 29
The bullet consists of three parts : a copper - plated steel , or guid
¬

Section V. ACCESSORIES ing metal-clad , steel jacket ; a slug of lead hardened with anti ¬
mony ; and a tracer mixture in the rear portion of the jacket.
For identification the bullet is painted red for a distance of
The names or general characteristics of many of the acces ¬ approximately of an inch from the tip.
sories required for the pistol indicate their use and application.
They consist of the hip holster, shoulder holster, and pistol clean ¬ 27. Ammunition Lot Number
ing kit. The pistol kit contains wire bore brushes, cleaning rods, At time of manufacture, ammunition is assigned a lot number
pistol screwdrivers , an oiler , and a small brass can in which a that is marked on all packing containers and is entered on all
set of repair parts is carried . records pertaining to that ammunition . It must be included in
all reports on the condition and functioning of the ammunition
and in all reports of accident in which the ammunition is involved.
Section VI . AMMUNITION Therefore, it is important to retain the lot number with the car ¬
25- General tridges after they are removed from their original containers.
If cartridges cannot be identified by ammunition lot number ,
a. The soldier armed with the pistol must be familiar with the
they are automatically placed in grade 3 . Grade 3 ammunition
types of ammunition for use in the pistol , ways of identifying
is unserviceable ; it will not be fired, but will be turned in to the
each type of ammunition , and how to care for, handle, and use it. issuing ordnance officer.
b . A pistol cartridge is a complete assembly consisting of all
the components necessary to fire the weapon once ; that is, the 28. Care , Handling , and Preservation of Ammunition
cartridge case, bullet, propellant powder , and primer.
a . Small arms ammunition is generally safe to handle. How ¬

26. Classification of Ammunition ever , do not allow ammunition boxes to become broken or dam¬
aged . Repair broken boxes immediately . Transfer all original
The contents of original boxes or containers can be identified markings to the new parts of the box.
by markings on the box . These markings indicate the number of
b . Do not open ammunition boxes until the ammunition is to
cartridges in the container , the caliber , the type, the code symbol ,
be used. Ammunition removed from airtight containers , particu ¬

and the lot number. The types, uses and means of identification larly in damp climates , is likely to corrode, thereby becoming
of ammunition for use in the pistol are : unserviceable.
a. Cartridge , Caliber .45, Ball, M1911, is for use against per ¬ c . Use care when opening wooden ammunition boxes, which
sonnel and light materiel targets. The ball bullet consists of a can be continued in use as long as they are serviceable.
metal jacket surrounding a lead alloy core. The bullet tip is d . Protect ammunition from mud , sand, dirt, and water. If
un pain ted.
It appears wet or dirty , wipe clean with a dry cloth immediately.
b . Cartridge, Caliber .45, Blank, M £), is used to simulate fire Wipe off light corrosion as soon as it is discovered. Cartridges
and for salutes. This cartridge can be fired single shot only in with a heavy coat of corrosion must be turned in to the issuing
the pistol. It can be identified by the absence of a bullet and by ordnance officer.
its tapered mouth . e . Do not oil or polish cartridges.
c . Cartridge, Caliber . 45, Dummy , IVI1921, is used for training /. Do not expose ammunition to the direct rays of the sun for
personnel in the operation of loading and unloading the pistol, any length of time. If Ihe powder is heated, excessive pressure
and for testing weapons. It is used also in marksmanship train ¬ will be developed when the weapon is fired. This condition will
ing by being mixed with live ammunition during instruction prac¬ affect accuracy and the operation of the weapon,
tice firing. This cartridge can be identified by the empty primer g . Do not attempt to fire cartridges that have dents , scratches,
pocket and two holes in the cartridge case. loose bullets, or corroded cases. If the cartridge is defective, turn
d . Cartridge, Caliber , 15, Tracer , 1126, is used for observation it in . Do not throw away or attempt to destroy defective
of fire. Secondary uses are for incendiary effect and for signaling. ammunition .

30 31
h . Do not strike the primer of a cartridge ; it may ignite and additional attempt to fire. If the pistol still fails to fire wait 10
cause injury. seconds before pulling the slide to the rear to remove the car
¬

tridge from the chamber.

28 A Storage of Ammunition
a. Small arms ammunition is not an explosive hazard ; how ¬ c . When a hangfire occurs in any lot , use of the ammunition
lot should be withdrawn and replaced by serviceable
ever, under poor storage conditions it may become a fire hazard . in that
ammunition .
b . Small arms ammunition should be stored away from ail
sources of extreme heat.
c . Whenever practicable, small arms ammunition should be
stored under cover. If necessary to leave ammunition in the open ,
it should be raised on dunnage at least six inches from ground.
It should be covered with a double thickness of tarpaulin or suit ¬

able canvas . The cover should be placed so that it gives maximum

protection , yet allows free circulation of air . Suitable trenches
should be dug to prevent water from flowing under the
ammunition.
29 . Precautions in Firing Ammunition
The precautions concerning the firing and handling of ammuni¬
tion in the field prescribed in AR 385-63 and TM 9-1990 must
be observed. Precautions particularly applicable to small arms
ammunition include the following :
a . No small arms ammunition will be fired until it has been
positively identified by ammunition lot number and grade.
5. Before firing, the firer must be sure that the bore of the
pistol is free from any foreign matter. Firing a pistol with any
obstruction in the bore will result in damage to the weapon and
possible injury to the firer .

30. Hangfire
a , A hangfire is a delay in the functioning of a propelling
charge or explosive train at the time of firing . The amount of the
delay is unpredictable but in most cases will be from a fraction
of a second to several seconds . Thus, a hangfire cannot be dis ¬

tinguished immediately from a misfire and therein lies the prin ¬

—
cipal danger that of assuming that a failure of the weapon to
fire immediately is a misfire when in fact it proves to be a hang ¬

fire . For this reason, the time interval of 10 seconds should be

observed before the slide is opened after a failure to fire .
Caution : During the prescribed time interval keep the pistol
pointed toward the target ,
b . If the slide is fully forward and the pistol fails to fire,
recock the hammer without opening the chamber, and make one

32 33
the grip of your right hand , so that the right thumb engages the
slide stop ; push the slide fully to the rear and engage the slide
CHAPTER 3 stop in the slide stop recess with the right thumb . Re¬
MANUAL OF ARMS FOR THE PISTOL sume the position of raise pistol, with the slide to the rear. Take
the magazine out of the belt and hold it in the open hand at the
height of the belt , with the open end of the magazine to the front
31 . General and the front of the magazine to the left . If the inspect
¬

ing officer takes the pistol for inspection , lower the right hand
a. Pistol movements are not executed in cadence,
smartly to your side as in the position of attention . When the
b. During the manual of arms for the rifle, personnel armed inspector is ready to return the pistol, raise the right hand to the
with the pistol remain at attention except when the command raise pistol position .
INSPECTION ARMS or PRESENT ARMS is given .
d . Close Chamber . After the pistol has been inspected , or at
c. When PRESENT ARMS is given , the HAND SALUTE is the command of CLOSE CHAMBER or PORT ARMS , press the
executed. slide stop down with the right thumb and let the slide go forward.
32. Inspection Arms Pull the trigger and remain at raise pistol.
At the command INSPECTION ARMS, execute the following e. Insert Magazine. At the command of INSERT MAGAZINE ,
without lowering the right hand, turn the barrel slightly to the
movements in sequence. ( These movements may be executed
right . Grasp the magazine with the first two fingers and thumb
separately in response to the appropriate command . )
of the left hand , insert it into the pistol , press the magazine
,

a. Raise Pistol At the command RAISE PISTOL, unbutton up \vard until it is engaged by the magazine catch , and resume the
the snap fastener of the shoulder holster with the right hand and position of raise pistol
grasp the receiver with the back of the hand facing outward .
Draw the pistol from the holster . Bring the elbow in to the side 33 . Return Pistol
and hold the forearm at an angle from the vertical , so that the a . Execute this movement on the command RETURN PISTOL
hand is as high as , and approximately 6 inches in front of , the or on the command ORDER ( RIGHT SHOULDER ) ARMS after
right shoulder . Hold the receiver with the thumb and last three INSPECTION ARMS and PORT ARMS have been given .
fingers and extend the forefinger outside and along the trigger
guard . Point the muzzle outward and up at an angle approxi ¬ b . Upon the command of execution , lower the pistol to the
mately 30 degrees from the vertical shoulder holster, raise the snap fastener of the holster with your
If wearing a hip right thumb, insert the muzzle of the pistol into the holster, and
holster , at the command RAISE PISTOL , unbutton the flap, draw
the pistol from the hip holster , and assume the position of raise thrust it home. Button the snap fastener of the holster with the
pistol right hand. When wearing a hip holster , at the command RE ¬
TURN PISTOL, return the pistol to the holster , directly from the
b. Withdraw Magazine. At the command WITHDRAW MAG ¬ position of raise pistol .
AZINE, without lowering the right hand , turn the pistol slightly
to the right and press the magazine catch with the right thumb
With the left hand , remove the magazine and place it
between your belt and outer garment on the left side, with open
end down and front to the right .
c. Open Chamber. At the command OPEN CHAMBER , with ¬
out lowering the right hand , grasp the slide with the left thumb
and first two fingers so that the thumb is on the left side of the
slide and pointing down . Keeping the muzzle elevated, shift

34 35
( 3) Trigger squeeze.
( 4) Slow fire.
( 5) Rapid fire.
( 6) Quick fire.
( 7) Examination .
CHAPTER 4
MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING 38. Coaching
a. Throughout preparatory marksmanship training, the coach -
and-pupil method of training should be used. The ultimate pro¬
Section I. GENERAL ficiency of a pupil depends to a great extent on how well his coach
34. Introduction
The primary use of the pistol is to engage an enemy at close
performs his coaching duties. The coach assists the firer by
( 1 ) Correcting any errors made.
—
range with quick , accurate fire. Accurate shooting is the result of ( 2 ) Insuring that he takes proper firing positions,
knowing and correctly applying the important elements of marks¬ ( 3 ) Insuring that he observes all safety precautions,
manship. b . Duties of the coach during instruction practice and record

35. Fundamentals of Marksmanship

firing are
—
(1) Check to see that the —
The important elements of marksmanship are
a . Aiming (sight alinement and sight picture ) .
— ( a ) Pistol is cleared.
( b ) Ammunition is clean.
5. Positions ( grip of the pistol and body positions ) . ( c ) Sights are blackened.
c. Trigger squeeze. {d ) Magazines are clean and operational.

36. Phases of Training ( 2 ) Observe the firer to see that he

—
( a ) Takes the correct firing position ,
a. Marksmanship training is divided into two phases
(1) Preparatory marksmanship training.
— ( b ) Loads the pistol properly and only on command .
( 2 ) Range firing. ( c ) Takes up the trigger slack correctly.
6. Each of the two phases may be divided into separate instruc¬ ( d ) Squeezes the trigger correctly . The coach cannot tell
tional steps. All marksmanship training must be progressive. by watching the trigger finger whether the shooter
squeezes or jerks the trigger. The coach must observe
the firer for signs that indicate that the firer is antici¬
Section II . PREPARATORY MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING .
pating the recoil of the weapon These signs are gen¬
37. General eral nervousness, fluttering of the eyelids, small mus¬
cular spasms around the mouth , nose, and eyes. The
a. A thorough course in preparatory marksmanship training most obvious indication of faulty trigger squeeze is
must precede any range firing. This training must be given to the location of the strike of the bullet in relation to
all soldiers expected to fire the pistol on the range, including the center of the target. It is the eoach's duty to
those who have previously qualified with the weapon . The soldier observe the firer during the firing and look for these
should develop correct shooting habits before range firing. The indications and correct them.
purpose of preparatory marksmanship training is to establish
( e ) Calls the shot each time he fires. ( Except for quick
and correct shooting habits.
fire and rapid fire.)
b, Preparatory marksmanship training is divided into seven
( / ) Holds his breath correctly.
steps which should be taught in the following order :
{ g ) Lowers his pistol and rests his arm when he does not
(1) Aiming.
( 2 ) Positions.
fire a round within 8 or 9 seconds .
36 37
( 3 ) If a firer is tense and nervous, have him breathe deeply
several times to relax.
magnifies itself as the range increases ; at 25 meters it is magni ¬
( 4 ) After each table of fire is completed, inspect the pistol
fied 150 times.
to make sure it is clear. Score the target and record the d. If the firer does not call his shot correctly in range firing,
results. he is not concentrating on sight alinement ; consequently, he does
c. During record firing, coaching is not permitted. No person not know what his sight picture is as he fires. To call the shot
may render or attempt to render the firer any assistance while is to state where the bullet should strike the target according to
he is taking his position or after he has taken his position at the the sight picture at the instant the weapon fires : e . g. “ high,”
firing point. Each firer must observe the location of his hits and “ a little low ,” “ to the left,” “ to the right,” or “bull ’s-eye.” Another
assist the coach in scoring. The coach will manipulate the targets specific method of calling the shot is the clock system : e.g., 9
during rapid fire and quick fire exercises. He will also insure o'clock or 2 o ’clock.
that the magazines are loaded with the correct amount of ammuni¬ e. It is important to emphasize that holding the breath properly
tion for each firing table. is necessary to good marksmanship. Emphasis upon this point is
required because many men hold their breath improperly or not
39, Aiming at all The breath should be held while the firer is aiming and
.
a Sight alinement or aiming is placing the frontand rear sights
squeezing the trigger. While the procedure is simple, it requires
of the pistol into correct alinement with the eye. For correct explanation, demonstration, and supervised practice. To hold the
sight alinement, the firer must center the front sight in the rear breath properly, the firer inhales an ordinary breath, lets a little
sight and raise or lower the top of the front sight, so that it is out, and holds the rest by closing the throat.
level with the top of the rear sight { fig, 21) .
b . A sight picture is the pattern of the pistol sights in relation 40. Positions
to the target as seen by the firer when he aims the pistol. A cor¬
a. General . To assume the proper position for firing, it is
rect sight picture consists of correct sight alinement with the necessary to know the correct position of the body wfith relation
bull's-eye centered above and appearing to touch the top of the
front sight ( fig. 21 ) . When aiming, the eye cannot focus on three ( Continued Page 41 )
objects ( rear sight, front sight, bull's-eye ) at different ranges. PROMT SIGHT

Therefore, the last focus of the eye is always on the front sight.
The front and rear sights will be seen clear and sharp while the
/
REAR CORRECT
bull's-eye will appear to be a bit hazy. With correct sight aline¬ -HGHT SIGHT
ALlHEJicHT
ment, the strike of the bullet will be in the bull’s-eye even if the
sight picture is partially off the center but still touches the bull’s-
eye. Since it is impossible to hold the weapon perfectly still, the
shooter must understand that he must apply trigger squeeze
and maintain correct sight alinement while the weapon is
moving in and around the bull's-eye. This movement of the weapon
is referred to as “ wobble area.* * The shooter must trust this
wobble area or movement and make an effort to keep the wobble
or movement of the weapon to a minimum.
ill CORRECT
HGHT
PICTURE
BULL’S-EYE
TARGET

c. Correct sight alinement is essential for accuracy, particularly

with the pistol because of the short sight radius. For example, CORRECT
if a Vm-inch error is made in alining the front sight in the rear SIGHT
PICTURE
sight, the bullet will miss the point of aim by approximately 15 E - TYPE
TARGET
inches at 25 meters of range. The 1 -Jo -inch error in sight alinement Figure Hi . Correct sight alinement and sight picture.

38 39
nnng courses

Instruction Practice Firing Course to the target and how to grip the pistol correctly. The qualifica ¬

The following tables prescribe the instruction practice to be tion course is fired from the standing, kneeling, crouch , and
fired from the standing, prone, kneeling, and crouch positions. .
prone positions The appropriate positions outlined and illus ¬
The E target and the 25-yard ( standard American ) pistol target trated in thi3 paragraph or similar positions
are used in the practice firing. may be used. The one-hand grip is used ior nring
from the standing position. The two-hand grip is used for firing
from the prone and kneeling positions.
Table I . Slow Fire { 25 - yard standard American pistol target
&, One-Hand Grip. The most important feature of the grip
Ranee is uniformity. For tight shot groups, the grip must be the same
( meters ) Position ! Time ^ Shots each time a shot is fired .
(1) To obtain the correct grip, pick up the pistol and place
15 J Standing None ( 10 min in record firing )
25
10 it in the firing hand until the grip safety is pressed into
Standing None ( 10 min in record firing ) 10
!
the Y formed between the thumb and forefinger of the
1 firing hand. The hand should be as high as possible on
Table 11. Rapid Fire ( E target , bobbing ( 3 ) the receiver without having the flesh squeezed between
the hammer and the grip safety.
Ranpe
( meters ) Position Time Shuts
( 2 ) Grip the receiver firmly with the hand and fingers *

i It is important to maintain the same degree of firmness

throughout the firing, because a change in the firmness
25 Prone | 12 seconds 5 and position of the grip will change the location of the
25 1 Kneeling 12 second* 5
shot group on the target. A tight grip will cause the
strike of the bullet to be low on the target, and a loose
Table III . Quick Fire ( E target , bobbing ( 3 )
grip will cause the shot to hit high on the target. There¬
fore , a firm grip throughout the course of fire is essential.
- Position
To obtain a firm grip, the pistol is placed into the Y
Time Shots
formed by the thumb and forefinger with the main
spring housing resting firmly in the palm of the hand.
25 Standing to prone The lower three fingers are then wrapped around the
15 Standing to kneeling i 15 seconds 4
| 15 seconds 4 grip with the index finger resting comfortably under
10 Crouch 6 seconds 2 the trigger guard. The thumb is held up and along the
left side of the pistol writh enough pressure to steady
the pistol and to equalize any pressure being exerted on
Record Firing Course the right side of the pistol by the palm and forefinger.
( 3) Place the trigger finger inside the trigger guard so that
a . Tables I, II, and III used in instruction practice firing
are fired for record in numerical order. the finger will engage the front surface of the trigger
( fig. 23 ) . The position of the trigger finger on the trig¬
ger will differ among firers ; however, the closer to the
second joint of the finger to the point of contact with
b . Coaching is not permitted during record firing.
the trigger, the more leverage you can apply to the trig¬
c. Qualification scores, of a total possible score of 400, are as ger . Care should be exercised so that the trigger finger
follows : does not touch either side of the receiver. Many shooters
Expert _ _
Sharpshooter
. . .

_ __ __ _
350 use the first joint or tip of the finger. This area will af ¬
_ 330
Marksman ford more sensitivity but less leverage. With the heavy
300

40 See Page 48
41
trigger pull ( 5 to 6U? lb. ) on the service pistol, advantage
is gained by using the best leverage and control of the
trigger. Each shooter should experiment with the place ¬
ment of the trigger finger to ascertain which position of
the trigger finger gives the best control. The pressure
of the trigger finger is straight to the rear , with in ¬
creasing pressure to cause the weapon to tire.
c. Two-Hand Grip. The two-hand grip is used for firing from
the prone or kneeling position . It allows the firer to support the
one-hand grip thereby attaining more accuracy . The two-hand
grip is obtained as follows : Grip the pistol as prescribed
in b
above ; then firmly close the fingers and thumb of the free hand
over the firing hand in a manner that will provide maximum
support ( fig. 22 ) .
d . Standing Position. To assume the standing position , the
firer faces his target, then faces slightly more than 45 degrees left
or right . The feet are spread 12 to 18 inches apart, and the weight
of the body is balanced equally on both feet. The legs are straight
without stiffness and the hips level . The stance is adjusted so
that his firing arm points naturally at the target ( fig. 23 ) . After
he assumes this position, the firer picks up the pistol with his free S,
hand and takes the one-hand grip as prescribed in b above. When
the proper grip is taken , the muscles of the arm are firm without
being rigid. The pistol slide is a direct prolongation of
the firing

v
k
Figure 23 - Standing position .

arm , and the wrist is locked so that the weapon cannot search up
or down. The elbow is straight and locked. The only pivot during
recoil is that of the shoulder joint . After recoil, when the firer is
in the correct position , the pistol arm will return to approximate
alinement with the target. Due to differences of body conforma ¬

tion of individuals the standing position may vary slightly , but re ¬

Figure 22 . The two - hand grip .
gardless of body conformation , the position assumed should be
42 43
relaxed and comfortable. The pistol , held in the firing position , the target ) , with the elbow’ projecting beyond the knee to give
should point naturally and without undue effort at the center of support . The weight of the body is distributed on the calf of the
the target. Unless the body, the pistol , and the target are in cor ¬
right leg and heel of the right foot . The receiver of the pistol,- held
rect alinement, the firer will be tense while aiming and firing each in the one - hand grip, is then seated on the palm of the left hand
shot. Muscular tension, In turn, causes trembling, excessive fa ¬ and the two- ha ml grip is used ( tig. 25 ) . Men who shoot left-
tigue, and movement of sights in the target area. If this occurs, handed will reverse the position .
the entire body must be moved by shifting the feet until the pistol ,
g. Crouch Position , Point Fire . The crouch position is used
held in the firing position, points toward the center of the target.
when surprise targets are engaged at close range. The body is in
The position of the body in the standing position is the same for
a forward crouch ( boxer’s stance ) with the knees bent slightly
firing the revolver.
and trunk bent forward from the hips. The feet are placed natural¬
e . Prone Position. The prone position is used by the soldier ly in a position that will allow another step toward the target. At
to obtain maximum stability when firing at 25-meter targets and all times, the body should be maintained in a balanced position ,
at longer ranges. This position wdl ] be used often in combat as it facilitating rapid movement in any direction . The pistol is
makes a firer a smaller target and makes for maximum accuracy.
To assume the prone position , the firer drops to his knees and falls
forward, breaking his fall with his free hand. He lies flat on the
ground with legs apart, heels down. The head and body are on a
line with the target The arms are extended wTith the pistol held
in the twro-hand grip ( fig. 24 ) .
Caution : The arms must be extended far enough to prevent the
slide from striking the firer in the face during recoil. This pre¬
caution also applies in the kneeling position.
1
/. Kneeling Position. The kneeling position is used to obtain V
increased accuracy , in rapid fire, at longer ranges. To assume the
kneeling position , the firer kneels on the right knee and rests his
left upper arm on the raised left knee ( which is pointed toward

i .?*

Figure 2 j . The prone position ; two- hand grip . Figure 25 . Kneeling position : two- hand grip .

44 45
extended straight u - ward the target and the wrist and elbow of
.
the rear, without disturbing the sight alinement until the pistol
the firing arm arc locked fires. The trigger slack , or free play , is taken up first and the
h . Pistol Petal tj Poxifitw . I n the pistol ready position, the pis¬ squeeze is continued steadily until the hammer falls . If the
tol is he Ed in the one-hand grip . The upper arm is held close to the trigger is squeezed properly , the firer will not know when the
body , and the forearm is in a horizontal position . The pistol is hammer will fall ; thus , he will not know when to flinch or heel .
pointed toward the target area as the firer moves forward. To apply correct trigger squeeze , the trigger finger may contact
the trigger anywhere from the tip to the second joint , depending
on the length of the trigger finger . If pressure from the trigger
finger is applied to the right side of the trigger or pistol , the
strike of the bullet will be to the left. This is due to the normal
hinge action of the fingers. When the fingers of the right are
closed , as in gripping, they hinge or pivot to the left, thereby
applying pressure to the left . ( With the left hand , this action
is to the right . ) The firer must exercise care in the squeeze of
the trigger , so as not to apply pressure left or right but straight
to the rear . The method of trigger squeeze used by the firer will
determine his marksmanship ability as follows :
41 . Trigger Squeeze ( 1 ) The man who has learned to apply pressure on the
a. General . Poor shooting is generally caused by the aim being trigger only when the sights are in alinement with the
disturbed before the bullet leaves the barrel of the pistol . This is target, who holds the pressure if the muzzle swerves,
usually the result of the firer jerking the trigger or flinching and continues to add pressure when the sights are again
. in line with the target is an excellent shot .
The trigger does not have to be jerked violently to spoil the aim ;
even a slight off -center pressure of the trigger finger on ( 2 ) The man who holds the sights of the pistol as nearly
the
trigger is enough to cause the pistol to move and on the target as possible and continues to squeeze the
disturb the
firer's sight alinement. Flinching is a subconscious reflex trigger with a uniformly increasing pressure until the
caused
by the firer's anticipating the recoil of the weapon . Jerkin
g is pistol fires , is a good shot .
an effort by the firer to fire the pistol at the precise time the
sights aline with the target . Flinching and jerking
( 3 ) The man who tries to “ catch his target” as his sight
will cause the alinement moves past the target, and fires the pistol
strike of the bullet to hit the lower left section of the target for
a right -hand shooter. Heeling is caused by a firer ’s tightening
at that instant , is a very bad shot .
the large muscle in the heel of the hand to keep from jerking the c. Calling Shot To call the shot is to state where the bullet
trigger. A firer who has had difficulty with jerking should strike the target according to the sight picture at the
the trigger instant the pistol fires ; for example : “ high,” “ a little low,” “ to
will attempt to correct the fault by tightening the bottom of the
hand , which results in a heeled shot. Heeling will cause the the left, ” “ to the right,” or “ bull's-eye.” Another specific method
strike of the bullet to hit on the top right section of the target of calling the shot is the clock system ; for example : a 9 ring hit
.
The firer can correct all these shooting errors by understanding at 8 o'clock , and 8 ring hit at 3 o'clock . Another good method of
and applying correct trigger squeeze . Correctly applied trigger calling a shot is to provide the shooters with a target center.
squeeze imparts no unnecessary movement to the pistol ( Placed beside him on the firing line ) and as soon as the shot
. Im¬
proper trigger squeeze will cause more misses on the target is fired the shooter is required to place a finger on the target face
than or center at the point where he expected the round to hit on the
any other single step of preparatory marksmanship training
. target. This method eliminates guessing and computation on the
& Definition of Trigger Squeeze. Trigger squeeze may be ¬
*
de part of the shooter , and the immediate action of placing the finger
fined as the independent movement of the trigger finger apply¬
ing a uniformly increasing pressure on the trigger, straig on the target face will give a more accurate call . If the soldier
ht to does not call his shots correctly in range firing, he is not properly
concentrating on sight alinement and trigger squeeze, and con-

46 47
sequently does not know what his si ht picture is as the weapon
fires *
^
r

h li
CHAPTER FIVE
— INSPECTION, DETAIL DISASSEMBLY,
REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT

Section I
INSPECTION PRIOR TO DISASSEMBLY

.
42 GENERAL.
Inspections prior to disassembly include a careful visual inspection of
the assembled pistol, trigger pull tests, and four safety tests.
V CAUTION : When a pistol is received for repairs, make certain that
5 6 7 -7- — 6 5 T the chamber is unloaded. It is possible that a cartridge has become
jammed so that the pistol is in a dangerous condition when received .
Proceed with caution when removing the damaged cartridge. It should
be removed by inserting a cleaning rod into the muzzle and pushing
the cartridge out .
43. VISUAL INSPECTION.
ui a* The pistol is inspected as a unit to note its general appearance,
the action of the slide, and the smoothness of operation. The alinement
-
TWENTY FIVE YARD STANDARD AMERICAN PISTOL of sights is also verified. Examination is made for split stocks and miss¬
TARGET
ing stock screws .
.
44 TRIGGER PULL TESTS .
a. Trigger pull tests are made to determine the number of pounds
/ pull required to move the trigger causing the hammer to fall. To make
/
the test, the hammer is cocked and the grip safety depressed. Two
/ weights and a piece of wire are
SIAM OF TARGET RINGS
\ / required to make the tests. The wire should be looped at one end so
MOTES;
10 3*39 IN
DIMENSIONS ARE FOR THE OUTSIDE
that it will hook over the trigger without contacting the side of the
S .U IN DIAMETER OF RINGS INCLUDING pistol. Its lower end should be arranged to hold the necessary weights.
.
B DO IN THE WIDTH OF WHITE OR BLACK
11.00 IN LINES The pistol is held in the hand in a vertical position, the thumb depress¬
14 . BO IN WIDTH OF WHITE LINE 04 . ing the grip safety. With the lighter weight attached to the lower end,
19.68 IN WIDTH OF BLACK LINES 10 . the wire is then hooked over the trigger ; the lower end with the weight
resting on the bench or floor. The pistol is then lifted carefully. This
weight should not cause the hammer to fall. It is then replaced by the
4 heavier weight which should cause the hammer to fall. If the lighter
weight causes the hammer to fall, the trigger pull is below the specified
r limit. If the heavier weight does not cause it to fall, the pull is too
I BOOT
-L heavy. In either case, correction of trigger pull must be made ( par . 51 b ) .

Figure 26. Standard American 25- yard pistol target mounted 45. SAFETY TESTS.
on £ target. .
a The following safety tests should be performed on each pistol
prior to disassembly:
4B r 5ee Pages 40, 128 )
49
SAFETY LOCK
UP
*
mm

—
Figure 27. Pistol M 1911 A 1 , Hammer Back , Safety Lock Upward Figure 29 . — PJstoJ MJ 9 H4 7 , Hammer ai Hatf -Cock Notch
Finger Squeezing Trigger
(

in Safety Position , Hand Grasping Stock So Grip Safety

is Depressed , Finger Squeezing Trigger

( 1) SAFETY LOCK TEST ( fig* 27 ) With the pistol unloaded, cock the
'
hammer and press the safety lock upward into the safe position Grasp
.
the stock so that the grip safety is depressed and squeeze the trigger

0
Figure SO. — Pisfoi M19 J 14 J , Hammer Back Neariy to Fuii Cock ,
Thumb Slipping Off Hammer
n
tightly three or four times. If the hammer falls, the safety lock is not
safe and must be repaired.
Figure — Pistol
^.Not MI 9M 4 I, Hammer Cocked, Grip Safety
( 2 ) GRIP SAFETY TEST ( fig. 2^ ). With the pistol unloaded, cock the
Depressed . Finger Squeezing Trigger hammer, and without depressing the grip safety, point the pistol
50
51
5
= •

i t

Figure SL ~ .
Pistol MI 9 JMI , Hotnmer Cocked S/ide PorHy Jock,
Finger Squeezing Trigger

downward and squeeze the trigger three or four times. If the hammer
m }
falls or the grip safety is depressed by its own weight, the grip safety
is not safe and must be repaired.
( 3 ) HALF-COCK TEST- ( fig. 29 . ) , With the pistol
unloadedJ draw back
the hammer until the sear engages the half -cock notch. Then squeeze
the trigger. If the hammer falls, the hammer or sear must be replaced
or repaired. Draw the hammer back nearly to full cock and then let
it slip ( fig. SO ) . It should lall only to half cock, otherwise it should be
replaced.
( 4 ) DISCONNECTOR TEST ( hg. 31 ) . With the pistol unloaded, cock
— . .
Figure as. P/ jfol M 191 Ml Slide Fully Back Slide Step Engaged ,
Finger Squeezing Trigger, 7AumJ> Releasing Slide , Hammer Back

the hammer. Shove the slide inch to the rear , and holding it in that
position, squeeze the trigger. Let the slide go forward, maintaining
the
pressure on the trigger. If the hammer falls, the disconnector is wor
n
on top and must be replaced. Pull the slide all the way to the rear and
engage the slide stop. Squeeze the trigger and at the same time release
the slide. The hammer should not fall. If it does the disconn
ector is
faulty ( fig. 32 . ) Now release the pressure on the trigger and then
*

squeeze it. The hammer should then fall. If it does not check the sear
spring for weakness, and if not weak , then the disconnector is faulty
.
The disconnector normally prevents the release of the hammer unless
the slide and barrel are in the forward position, safely interlocked. This
also prevents the firing of more than one shot at each squeeze of the
trigger.
52 53
STOP,
SLIDE

I
<J1 PLUG,
4 RECOIL SLIDE
SPRING
RECEIVER

MAGAZINE

F/gure .
33
— Subosi mbJies of PJsfof M 79 TMJ
* — Exploded View

SPRING, PIN,
PLUG, BUSHING, SLIDE
RECOIL BARREL FIRING PIN FIRING
BARREL
SPRING

Oi pmtr(T(TfTiTm(Tirrccc(\ &
t
SPRING, RECOIL
LINK,
PIN,
BARREL
GUIDE,
EXTRACTOR

RECOIL STOP,
BARREL LINK FIRING PIN
SPRING

Figure ,34 . — SJide Group of Pi to / MJ 9 JMJ

* — Exploded View
RECEIVER

PIN, 1
HAMMER
PLUNGER,
SLIDE STOP

SPRING,
PLUNGER
CATCH ,
MAGAZINE

*
SPRING,
MAGAZINE
CATCH
LOCK,
MAGAZINE
CATCH

3M_ _ a.
o z jE u 741
" SCREWS, £z a. Q Scn
PIN,
STOCK, / STOCK
OtL

3 Z
X
\
797
SEAR RIGHT o M

flE §
Patistol
\
LOCK ,
^
/ TRIGGER
Xy DISCONNECTOR o
-
z
-
o
o
Parts
SEAR
nil z?
Oi
SAFETY HAMMER z | S I
* a:
SCREW,

—
STOCK PLUNGER ,
u) £5
I
Smaler
X

e
SAFETY
PH
^
B . HAMM ER
STRUT STRUT, II
UJ

co of
HAMMER u
STOCK,
LEFT
PIN,
MAINSPRING
HOUSING
®
^ CAP ,
MAINSPRING UJ
z
Z

Si
z
£
0
Z
£
un
Group
1
M
I
, RETAINER, fei o<< .

EXTRACO
/ HOUSI NG £ TG,
MAINSPRING \ Q/ PIN
ri
PIN, SPRING,
1 x
$
u
=O;
EZ
UJ

Figure
MAINSPRING
CAP
SEAR SAFETY, i Q lO o
GRIP D &
o

HOUSING,
MAINSPRING

Figure jj.
— Receiver Group of Pistol MT 97 M 7
56
— Exploded View
57
Section II ,
DETAIL
DISASSEMBLY

46. DISASSEMBLY OF PISTOL.

8* To disassemble the pistol, proceed
as follows:

( 1 ) Remove the magazine by pressing the magazine

catch. Press
the recoil spring plug inward and turn the barrel bushi
ng clockwise until
the recoil spring plug and the end of the recoil spring
protrude from their
seat ( fig, 37 ) . This releases the tension of
the recoil spring. The finger
and thumb should be kept over the recoil spring plug
so that it will not
jump away and be lost or strike the operator,
( 2 ) Draw the slide rearward until the middle notch
of the slide
stands above the projection on the thumb piece of the
slide stop (fig.
## ). Now press gently against the end of the pin of the
slide stop which
protrudes from the right side of the receiver
above the trigger guard .

A Figure 38 Lining Up Slide Stop of Pistol MJ 9 JM 7

A Push the slide stop from the right side and pull it out from the left
side ( fior, "& ) This releases the barrel link, allowing the barrel with
the link and the slide assembly to be drawn forward , together, from
v the receiver,
( 3 ) Withdraw' the recoil spring plug from the recoil spring by twist¬
ing counterclockwise slightly. Then pull out the spring and spring guide
from the rear of the slide .
( 4 ) Next, turn the barrel bushing counterclockwise until it may be
drawn forward from the slide ( fig, Jtf ). This releases the barrel, which
with the barrel link , may be drawn forward from the slide. By pushing
\ out the barrel link pin, the barrel link is released from the barrel.
( 5 ) Press the rear end of the firing pin forward with a small punch
until it clears the firing pin stop. The stop can then be drawn downward
from its seat in the slide. The firing pin and firing spring are then
removed from the rear of the slide. The finger and thumb should be
kept over the spring so it will not jump away. The extractor is pried
figu re 37 . — Removing Recoil Spring Plug from Pistol M 19 IMT out to the rear with a punch or screwdriver. This completes the dis
assembly of the slide
¬

58
59
f

rm . k
p •

m k
X
Ok h

Figure ,< s. — Removing Slide Stop Pin from Pistol Mlfilill £

t-
Figure 41
— Removing Sofefy Lock from Pistol MJ 9 IMJ

( 6 ) The safety lock ( thumb safety ) is readily withdrawn from the

receiver by cocking the hammer, placing the lock . midway between the
upper and lower positions ( fig- LL), and pushing from the right on the
pin part
( 7 ) After removing the hammer pin from the left side of the re ¬

ceiver, lower and remove the cocked hammer with the hammer strut.
% CAUTION : Retard the hammer with the thumb to avoid breaking it.
( 8 ) Push or drive the mainspring housing pin from the right side
of the receiver by placing a punch on the recessed end of the pin. This
allows the mainspring housing to be withdrawn downward and the
m grip safety rearward from the handle. The sear spring may then be
removed. By pushing out the sear pin from the right to the left side
r of the receiver, the sear and disconnector are released. To remove the
f
/
w mainspring, mainspring cap, and housing pin retainer from the main ¬

spring housing, mount the housing in a vise having protected jaws, com
press the mainspring by placing a punch on the mainspring cap, and
¬

push out the mainspring cap pin with a small drift.

V
. .
b Old Style Magazine Catch Lock Special care should be used
.
when removing the magazine catch from the receiver Its checkered
Figure . — Removing Barret Bushing from PisfoJ M 1911 A 1 left end must be pressed inward flush with the receiver. Its right end
60 61
SAFETY LOCK DRIFTING OUT
MAINSPRING HOUSING PIN

St
4
m p.

i y

Figure 43. Hold the hammer , squeeze the trigger, and ease the hammer
forward . Using the safety lock as a drift press out the mainspring
}

housing pin.

f GRIP SAFETY
Figure ih — Disassembling Old Design Magazine Catch
from Pistol M J 9 J I
will then project so far from the right sirle of the receiver that it may
be rotated counterclockwise one -haIt turn {fig. .}-?. ) . This movement will
1
*

release the magazine catch lock from its seat in the receiver , when the
catch , the catch lock , and the spring may be removed . Note that the
magazine catch pin is removed by pushing and rotating it as indicated
above. It is not a screw.
c. New Style Magazine tialHi l ock. With the improved design of
magazine catch lock, the operation of dismounting the magazine catch
is simplified. Press the magazine catch inward and turn the magazine
catch lock a quarter turn counterclockwise by means of a screwdriver
( fig. 4 $ The magazine catch with its contents can then be removed
The improved design will be recognized from the fact that the head of
the magazine catch lock is slotted.
.
\
ns
i*
( 1) The trigger can now be removed rearward from the receiver.
7

( 2 ) The long arm of a screwdriver can be used to push out all the
pins except the mainspring cap pin. the lanyard loop pin. and the ejector
pm . For these pins, a drift of proper size must be used. -
Figure 4i To remove the grip safety , slide the mainspri ng housing down
( 3 ) The slide stop plunger, the safety lock plunger, and the plunger about Vi iwcA and lift out the grip safety. Remove the mainspri ng
housing by sliding it from the receiver. Disassem ble the mamsprinp
spring may be pushed to the rear , out of The plunger tube. hoiisr nff only when necessar y for cleaning .
'

62 63
HAMMER

SEAR PIN
f

a
>
SEAR SPRING ©

Wi
A * £>'
'
-
-i afcir -. -
Figure £ 5 . Lift out the sear spring .
J
^ ure ,( 7. T, i/ f the hammer from the receiver , Drift out the hammer strut
pin ant? separate the parts . { Caution : If the hammer strut
pin is peened in place , dti not remove it . ) /?efljtu"c the sear pin from
the left side of receiver . Elevate the front end of the receiver ftttd
allow the scar and disconnector to drop into the hand .

HAMMER PIN SAFETY LOCK PLUNGER

/£

* ?

*
<

Figure £ 8. ITiflirfraif the safety lock plunger , slide stop plunger , and
Figure 4® * Remove ffte Aammer pi ? ? / rorw f /ic Ic/ t sitfe 0 / i /te receiver. plunger spring . Remore the stock screws and stocks from the receiver .

64 65
HAMMER STRUT
EXTRACTOR
MAGAZINE CATCH
3
Cl.
** ^

Fiflrwre ,#5. Press ffte mtrpnzitir catch in until it is flush with the left side
of the receiver. Using the short leaf of the scar spring as a screw-
driver , turn the lock % turn countercl ockwise . The Jock should turn
easily . If it docs not check to s i e that the magazine catch is flush
with the left side of the receiver . Force should not he used to turn
the lock . Lift out the magazine catch . { Lrmiion : Do not use the
long leaf of the sear spring as a screwdriver,) To disassem ble the
magazine catch , turn the lock clockwise and separate the parts . Re
move the trigger by elevating the front end of the receiver .
¬
V .
Figure 51- THf .
* the hummer strut , pry out and remove the extractor

>
s HAMMER STRUT

FJR 1NG PIN STOP

P <? 9
r
Q
1. FIRING PIN STOP
2. FIRING PIN

Figure 50. Using the hammer strut trs a drift , press in on the firing pin
and remove the tiring pin stop. Remove the firing pin and firing pm
3.
4.
5.
FIRING PIN SPRING
EXTRACTOR
SLIDE
ft
spring. Separate the two parts. Figure 5i£ , Parts of the slide in eitfrr of detailed disassemb ly .
66 67
n ?T? f t r%;
mfa (a

FT .

« >/ «rl I > 1

%
1. SAFETY LOCK P. HAMMER 17. TRIGGER
2. MAINSPRING HOUSING PIN 10. HAMMER STRUT PIN IS. SAFETY LOCK PLUNGER, SLIDE
3. GR#> SAFETY 11. HAMMER 5 TRUT STOP PLUNGER , AND SPRING
4. MAINSPRING HOUSING 11. SfAt PIN T . STOCK SCREW
5. MAINSPRING CAP RETAINS PIN 13. DISCONNECTOR
*
30 STOCK
MAINSPRING 3 4 . SFAR 21. EJECTOA
*7.
SEAR SPRING 3 5. MAGAZINE CATCH 73. RECEIVES
B HAMMER PIN 16 MAGAZINE LOCK AND SPRING

Figure 5S . Parts of the receiver group in order of detailed disassembly .

Figure 55.
— Disassemblfng N e w Design Magazine Catch
from Pistol M 1911 A 1

.
47 DISASSEMBLY OF MAGAZINE.

—
a. Ordinarily the magazine should not be disassembled except for
cleaning or to replace the magazine follower or the magazine spring.
When it is required , proceed as follows:
i ® ( 1 ) Push the magazine follower downward about VA inch. This
compresses the magazine spring. Hold the magazine spring by inserting

m the end of a drift through one of the small holes in the side of the
magazine and then slide out the magazine follower. Hold the hand over
the end of the magazine before removing the drift from the hole in
order to prevent the magazine spring from jumping out of the magazine.
( The floor of the magazine may also be removed by knocking out the
two floor plate pins, but this is done only in making emergency repairs.)

4. FOLLOWER STEP
1. MAGAZINE TUBE
5. MAGAZINE SPRING
2 . MAGAZINE BASE
6. FOLLOWER END OF
3. FOLLOWER MAGAZINE SPRING

Figure 54 . The magazine assembly shown in detailed disassembly .

6B 69
Section III .

INSPECTION AFTER COMPLETE DISASSEMBLY

s
ooi
£
48. CAUSES OF MALFUNCTIONING .
a. Important causes of malfunctioning of the parts of the pistol are
as follows :
Trig er
.
f
( 1 ) MAJ OR MOV ING PART S.
io ;

Dinspectd isconetr
Per* Conditio n to b Chrtko d
*
Barrel bushing, ( fig. 56 . ) Burs. * ;

Recoil spring Tension . On

Mainspring housing Burs and tension of mainspring.
Sear spring Tension and broken leaves. a
.
Sear Worn nose or tip and breakage and ;

Hammer, ( fig. 57 . )
wear of lugs.
Worn sear notches and broken ham¬
mer strut.
z' £
s£ §2 Be
to
Hamer
d
.

TENSION WEAK ;

Points Fitraco
I oc

—
0

MAMMMMA/WWVW
BROKEN
OR BENT
X
D
s
z
oc
Showing ;
c

pin
,

o F i r
. n g
BURS WORN
NOSE
I
BROKEN *
t
£m
57

Figure spring
b
;
.

cO
BURS

11 A B
E
EE
SS
pin
iTrtg
/
F
B

TENSIO
TENSION
TENSION AND
C <
BROKEN LEAVES

Figure 56.
— Showing Points to Be Inspected On:
a. Barrel bushing; b. Saar; e. Mainspring; «1. Mainspring housing ,-
a. Saar spring; it ftncoH spring
70 71
BURRS KINKS AND TENSION

Bo
e9 c Inspectd
W
"— rFigure 59.
DENTS
Magazine of Pistol M 1 9 I I A I
—
BURRS

exploded View
'
J
s Be
Showing Points to Be Inspected
Port Conditiftn to bo Chocked
to Disconnector Burs or wear.

Points Trigger
Firing pin
Firing pin spring
Burs or bending.
Short length or wear.
Tension,

LO

3 1
Showing Extractor
Receiver ( fig. 5& )

Slide
Broken or weak claw.
Burs, loose ejector, and defacement of
markings.
Burs on recoil guideways and locking
A
recesses, and front and rear sight.
1M91
t
Pistol
of
V;

Raencidvr X
BURRS

I
-Figure
Slide
55
r
.

*
i BURRS

/
\
Figure —
60 . Exterior of Muzzle End of
Barrel of Pistol M 1 9U A 1
Showing Points to Be Inspected
72 73
r
Section IV,

REPAIRS AND REPLACEMENTS

Figure ei . — Interior of Barrel of Pistol M 1911 A 1 Showing Slight 49 GENERAL .

Pitting ( Bat Free from Bulges I and Sharp Lands a- Since all parts of the pistol are standardized as to their dimensions,
repairs to a large degree consist of making the necessary replacement
of worn, bent, or broken parts. In some cases, parts can be bent back
or otherwise returned to their proper shape with satisfactory results.
This applies to the leaves of the sear spring, the trigger, and the hammer
strut. A worn sear notch in the hammer may be corrected by stoning or
filing. Dents in the magazine usually may be removed and the lips
returned to original shape by bending. Burs on the muzzle of the pistol
Figure for. — Interior of Barrel of Pistot M 19 J 1 AI Showing Pitting should be stoned off .
and Dolt Lands
.
50 REPLACEMENT OF PARTS .
a. Where parts or assemblies are broken or worn so as to render
them unserviceable, they must be replaced from stock. Often only parts
of the assembly will be worn or broken and others can be salvaged.
However, should it take more time to remove serviceable parts than
— —— -
«
If the lands are pitted and have lost their sharpness, the barrel .theyare worth, the entire assembly should be scrapped. In quantity
will be inaccurate and should be replaced. This is due to neglect overhauling of pistols, the parts of each should be kept separate for ease
Figure 63, — Interior of Barrel of Pistol M 1911 A 1 Showing Pitti
- ng, in determining to which pistol they belong.
Worn bonds, and Burs on Interior of Muzzle 5L REPAIRS.
( 2 ) MAGAZINE .
a Burs on cams and on other smooth surfaces should be removed
to make the part serviceable. A very fine file is used, and care is taken
The magazine as a unit Burs and dents. to remove as small an amount of metal as possible. Where roughene
d
( fig. 59. )
surfaces aie present on moving parts, an oil stone should be used.
Magazine spring Kinks and tension.
b. Correction of Trigger Pull. Pistols received from the field usu
¬

Magazine follower Burs and bending,

ally have a trigger puh varying over a slightly wider range than new or
( 3 ) BARREL. Inspection of the barrel, causes for rejection, and repaired pistols (par. 2 a for trigger -pull data ) . Too heavy or too light
method of examination are as follows: pull may be corrected b}^ stoning the mating surfaces of the sear and
( a) Burs on the exterior rim of the muzzle should be stoned off. If hammer until they meet squarely. Do not stone off the notch in the
on the interior, the barrel should be rejected ( fig. 60 ). hammer at an angle as this may decrease the safety of the pistol The .
trigger pull also may be varied up to approximately V2 pound by bend
¬
( b) If the barrel is free from pits and bulges and the lands are
sharp and distinct, the barrel is serviceable (fig. 61 ). .
ing the leaf of the sear spring slightly The mainspring may require
( c ) If the barrel is pitted, but free from bulges and has sharp lands, replacement if the pull remains too light after making these corrections
.
it is still serviceable and will be sufficiently accurate. However, this All pistols should be tested for trigger pull, as outlined in paragraph 44
e or
implies that the barrel has not been given proper care and should be so after making repairs, and before they are again placed in storag
reported ( fig. «£ ) . service.

74 75
r
Section V

REASSEMBLY

52, REASSEMBLY OF MAGAZINE.

.
a To reassemble the magazine, proceed as follows: Use a blunt
-
ended tool to compress the magazine spring into the magazine about
VA inch below the top to permit inserting the end of a drift through
one of the small holes in the side of the magazine. The spring should
be held below the slot where the magazine follower enters and leaves
the magazine. Then insert the magazine follower and withdraw the drift.

53. REASSEMBLY OF PISTOL,

a* Assemble the slide stop plunger , the safety lock plunger , and the
plunger spring forward into the plunger tube.
b* Install the ejector pin, the lanyard loop pin, and the hammer strut
.
c Push the trigger forward into position through the receiver.
Figure — Reassembling Sear and Disconnector on
Pistol MI 9 IMT
d. To replace the improved design of magazine catch, insert the
catch and turn it one-quarter turn to the right with a screwdriver.
To
replace the old type magazine catch, carefully insert it in the
receiver,
press inward and turn it clockwise one-half turn.

c
.
e To replace the mainspring, mainspring cap and housing pin
re¬
tainer in the mainspring housing, insert the retainer, the mainspring
and
cap in the housing, compress the spring with a punch, and
insert the
small cap pin. Do not insert in receiver, see operation h,
f . To reassemble the disconnector and sear, first place the cylindrical
part of the disconnector in its hole in the receiver with the %*
flat face or 'j
lower part of the disconnector resting against the yoke of the trigger
( fig.
64 ). Then place the sear ( lugs downward ) so that it straddles the dis¬
.
connector By squeezing the trigger slightly, the three parts will snap
into alinement. Next, insert the sear pin from the right side so
that it
passes through both the disconnector and the sear.
g. Replace the hammer in the uncocked position and insert the
hammer pin from the left side of the receiver.
.
h To replace the sear spring ( the sear, disconnector and hammer
being in place and hammer down )
^
ate its lower end in the cut in
76
Figure 65.
— Replacing Sear Spring on Pistol MI 9 JIAI
77
r

* Uv *&
i

/ £

Sr
K *

Figure 66.
— Pressing Safety Lock Plunger Home on Pistol MJ 91 MJ ,
to 4 llow Seating of Safety Lock: Hammer Cocked
—
Figure til . Replacing Slide and Barrel on Receiver, Barrel Link
Tiifed Forward and Link Pin In Place On Pisfof M 19UA 1
the receiver with the end of the long leaf resting on the sear ( fig. 65 ).
Now insert the mainspring housing until its lower end projects below
the slide and turn counterclockwise until locked. Place the recoil spring
the frame about Vs inch. Next, put the grip safety into position , cock the
in position.
hammer and replace the safety lock.
L. Now hold the slide upside down with the barrel outward and push
L To assemble the safety lock to the receiver, use a screwdriver to the barrel and guide forward as far as possible. Turn the receiver group
press the safety lock plunger home ( fig 66. ). This allows the seating of upside down and assemble it to the slide in that position ( fig. 67 ) . Make
the safety lock. Now release the cocked hammer. ( Be sure the strut sure that the barrel link is tilted forward as far as possible when assem ¬
enters the recess in the cap in the housing. ) bling the receiver to the slide. Push the receiver forward as far as pos
¬

-
j To reassemble the slide, first insert the firing pin spring, firing pin , sible.
and extractor into the rear end of the slide. Push the firing pin forward .
m Turn the pistol right side up. and making sure that the hole in the
until it clears the firing pin stop position and insert the firing pin stop. barrel link is lined up with the hole in the receiver, insert the pin end
Be sure the extractor is alined to allow the firing pin stop to enter its of the slide stop from the left side of the pistol. Move the slide forward
recess. Note that the rounded top edge matches the curve on the surface until the projection on the slide stop is opposite the middle notch of the
in the slide. slide. Press the slide stop inward and upward into position ( fig. 65.)
.
k. To reassemble the barrel into the slide , push the barrel link into Allow the slide to move to its foremost position.
position in the barrel and insert the barrel link pin. Now insert the n . Cock the hammer and engage the safety lock. Place the
recoil
barrel in the slide from the forward end. Insert the barrel bushing in spring plug over the end of the recoil spring and push the spring and
76 79
r
1

FEA PD 23 62
*
Figure 69 Damage caused by firing with bullet lodged in bore, ca/ ,45 automatic
pistol Mt 911 -

m
m
m
4* BASE OF 2 ND BULLET

Figure 68
— Reassembling Slide Stop Pin Afier Replacing Slide
On Piifol M 1911 A1
BULLETS 1 AND 2- IN BORE RA RD 23963

Figure 69 a Ammunition damaged by bore obstruction in cal ..1 5 automatic pistol Ml 911 .
^
plug into position. Turn the barrel bushing
until its lips are alined Section VI. EFFECTS AND PROBABLE CAUSES OF
around the plug and release the pressure on the plug,
o. Insert the magazine by pushing smoothly yet firmly
ACCIDENTS AND MALFUNCTIONS
into position
until it is engaged by the magazine catch. 55. Typical Cases
a. Worn and Defective Parts.
54, Test for Correct Assembly
To test the pistol for correct assembly, pull the slide fully to the (1) Malfunctions are often caused by the following :
rear and release it by pushing down on the slide stop ; the hamm (а) Burs, dents, kinks, and bending of magazine parts and loss
er of tension in the springs ,
should remain cocked. Hold the pistol in a normal grasp to de¬
press the grip safety and squeeze the trigger. The (б) Excessive wear and looseness of moving parts.
hammer should
fall. (e ) Pits, bulges, rust, burs, and uneven and indistinct lands
in the barrel
(2) '
Figure 72 shows damage to
the breech end of another pistol after the metal had become
fatigued by long usage . Note the coarse structure of the
metal at the break .
80 81
r
rr

j§L n

1
s.

\
9 £

-5
S
•
£
RA PD 23964 *
pistol Ml 911.
k J *

Figure 7/. Damage from firing round with double charge of powder , caL . t+o automatic

b . Bore Obstruction .
(1) Figure 70. shows a pistol in which a normal round was fired
3 with grease in the chamber and breech end of the bore .
I The chamber pressure that developed was sufficient to rup¬
ture the head of the cartridge case, releasing the powder
!S> 5 gases into the action. Note the bulged slide and the damaged
5r> top round from the magazine.

(2) Figure 69 pictures the damage caused by firing a normal

S round with a bullet in the bore. A bullet may lodge in the
bore when fired from a cartridge containing damp powder,

-< ?
and some of the powder grains will be unburned. Figure" Wot
shows darkened, unburned powder grains adhering to the
base of the lodged bullet. Observe the long split in the barrel
and the two bullets recovered from the bore.

(3) The powder charge in the cal..45 pistol cartridge sometimes

creates insufficient power to expel the bullet from the barrel.
The lodged bullet will obstruct the passage of the next round
and blow up the barrel.

82 B3
MLJi!
r.
43:

30
*

A
'
W

“ CJOI
w
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RA PD 23966

72. Damage to breech end of barrel caused by fatigue of meial , cal . 5 automatic pistol Mldll .
^

SERVICEABILITY CHART - PISTOL, CAL .45, M19U AND 1911A1

TO BE PLACED IN
ITEM j IN THE HANDS OF
TROOPS
TO ACCOMPANY
TROOPS OVERSEAS
STORAGE FOR
REISSUE

Eapaitd wriam thou4 d ba

FINISH dull anough to prvvtnt glart Olari * n*w hrwh
Approximal

Pilling lm than Ih width

* hut uhiltom piPfinpi bul with A law fme pill, bul willi
BORE pi land or grppva and l n
* Iharp lartdi, ii accapfabla harp lands, ara acoapFabl
than 3 / 4 tong li aeeaplablt
J
*

TRIGGER Mm 5 lb Min S |/ 2 lb /
Mm 5 1 1 lb
PULL Maa. 6 \ fr lb Maa 6 1 / 2 lb MM 6 1i 2 lb
SUPPLEMENT "B"TOOLS, GAUGES AND FIXTURES
(PISTOLS MI9JI & MI9I1AI) 124. Ncnrequisitionable Tools. Weights , and Fixtures
Listed below are nonrequisitionable weights for checking the trigger pull
on the cal . .45 automatic pistol M 1911 and M 1911A 1 , and nonrequisition ¬

able tools for repair of parts. The weights alone are applicable to organ-
izational , field, and base maintenance ; the balance of these tools are in-
tended for base maintenance use only.
Weights, trigger pull Used to check the trigger pull.
Tool, staking, pltmgeT tube Used for staking the slide stop and
123. Requisitionable Tools and Gauges safety plunger tube in the receiver.
Fixture, riveting, front sight Used to rivet the front sight in place
a. GAUGES. ( 1 ) There are no gauges requisitionable for
use by field on the slide.
maintenance units. swaging, slide notch Used to decrease the size of an over
Tool , stop ¬

( 2) The gauges listed below are for base maintenance shop size or excessively worn slide stop
use, and
are requisitionable from SNL B-20. notch in the receiver.
Gauge, snap, nonadjustable, not-go, Tool, staking, bushing Used for staking the stock screw
Used to check the diameter of the bushings in the receiver.
.150 inch ( barrel link
.
339-150 A 7319912
-
pin ), 4I-G barrel link pin.
Gauge, snap, nonadjus table, not -go, Used to check the diameter of the
,197 inch ( slide stop pin )
, 4I-G- slide stop pin.
339-160, A 7319913
Gauge, snap, adjustable limit , not -go
.694 inch ( barrel bushing ) , 41 -G-
. Used to check the outside diameter of
the barrel bushing.
-
336 400, A7319914
-
Gauge, plug, not go, double purpose
( barrel bushing ) , .582 and .587
Used to check the inside diameter of GAGE , PLUG , NOT - GC
41 G - 254 393
- -
GAGE, PLUG , NOT - GO 704
.

41 - G - 254 - 391
the barrel bushing.
inch (out -of - romidnes-s ), 41-G-254
393, A 7319915
-
GAGE , SNAP, ADJUSTABLE
-
Gauge, plug, not go, diameter .704 Used to check the inside diameter of NOT - GO .694
41 G - 336- 400
inch ( barrel bushing seat ) , 41-G
254-391, A7319916
- the barrel bushing seat.

b. TOOLS. There is only one tool issued for the

of the cal. .45 automatic pistol M 1911 and M 1911A1

units.
overhaul and repair
. This tool is requi -
sitionable from SNL B-6 for organizational field and base
maint enanc e
HE
GAGE, SNAP, NOT - GO 197
41 G 339 160
.
GAGE, SNAP, NOT - GO
150 41 G - 339 -150
Screwdriver, pistol, length over-all Used to disassemble and
3 iV inches, 41-S-1062 60, C64149 assemble the
- pistol.
Figure lGaug es for parts inspec tion .

86 87
© TWO- MILD STL. ROD
/,4 DIA . X 11, US
3
3
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4 © ONE - LEAD (CAST
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6
00
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A
2 A
X >- 5NAG ROD X NOTE : WEIGH AFTER ASSEM ¬
/ r HERE - X
1 BLY AND REDUCE WEIGHT BY
‘7 BEFORE RXIR - I 2 FILING POINT 'A*
if ! \ ING LEAD \ 4
I
3. DIA U- 3. DIA
STAMP SX LB
^ STAMP 6X2 LB -

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7 EE 6
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375 + 005 l S DIA .
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SPF IN
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[ 4©J TWO- DP . ROD / ] ONE- WD I0£0 5TL.
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Figure F~> l TvoI . for slaking slide stop and plunger tube in receiver.
stz
,
1 ( jj) 0NE WP10455TL ^ %
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STANDARD PARTS
FOUR 50CHD. 5CR. Vlfe IGNCxt '

7 ONE SPRING TO SUIT

mm ii £
mmI L4 4
1* 6 ONE CAP SCR 1/4-20NCx /S

12 ONE
.
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NUT, HEX. V^N6NC
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SHEET I OF Z
13 ONE .
WASHER PLAIN 3/S

Figure Fixture for riveting front sight.

-16NC- 2 (4 HOLES) TAP 16 WC- 5 -DRILL 405INK FDR

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APPLY TO
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APPLY TO
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FIN / HDNR0tKT/ 5& SHEET 2 OF 2

Figure 152“ Continued.

§ . ioo DRILL AND CfcORE FO«

CONSTRUCTION POINT
i -w it soc WD CAP sea
t 3 HOLES
^
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REFE & ENCL LINE FIN HDN GR

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1.501 1.56,3 PF FOR
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(7|o47) ONE - TOOL STL \7

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12 ^ FINy^ NC+J 4 OR
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LOC . FROM GETS . 2. & 10
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Figure 153 -Continued .

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Figure t .- > ; Checking barrel bushing seat .

94
95
5
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^7-Cfc«:jfrfff 0 /idf itof > pin.

j

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j jJ /ru*/ sight on stide.

?5SS
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M
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Figure I -JZ CHEEKING

. outside diameter of barret bashing ,
Figure I no Staking St act JfmP

96 97
PLUNGER TUBE WITH
DRILL ROD INSERTtD XD RA PD 91794
Figure til . Staking slide stop plunger tube.
^

Figure ! ti ? Swaging slide stop notch.

98