Pew Research Center

Errata: Religious Restrictions Around the World

Fri, 19 Dec 2025 21:02:43 +0000

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Methodology

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:27 +0000

The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Much of this report is based on data from Wave 170 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from May 5 to 11, 2025. A total of 8,937 panelists responded out of 9,531 who […]

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Acknowledgments

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:26 +0000

Pew Research Center is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts, its primary funder. This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at pewresearch.org/religion. This report includes new analysis of data from the 2023-24 U.S. Religious Landscape Study (RLS). The RLS was made […]

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How parents are raising their children, religiously

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:25 +0000

Learn how often parents discuss religion, types of religious activities their children do and which parent plays a larger role in how their children learn about religion.

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Why many U.S. adults are ‘nones,’ and why some former ‘nones’ have joined a religion

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:24 +0000

Find out how adults who were raised as “nones” experienced religion as kids, and why they say they do – or don’t – affiliate with a religion now.

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Why some Americans have left Catholicism, while others stay

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:23 +0000

Read about how Americans who were raised Catholic experienced religion as kids, as well as their reasons for staying in or leaving the faith.

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Why some Americans have left Protestantism, while others stay or join

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:22 +0000

Find out why US adults who were raised Protestant stay in or leave the faith, and how they experienced religion as kids. Also discover why others join.

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Why Do Some Americans Leave Their Religion While Others Stay?

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 18:50:19 +0000

A majority of adults still identify with their childhood religion, but 35% don’t. Read about when and why Americans may switch faiths or stay.

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Errata: Many Catholics in the U.S. and Latin America Want the Church to Allow Birth Control and to Let Women Become Priests

Fri, 12 Dec 2025 19:06:27 +0000

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Methodology

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 19:54:10 +0000

The analysis in this report is based on a self-administered web survey conducted from Sept. 25 to Oct. 9, 2025, among a sample of 1,458 dyads, with each dyad (or pair) comprised of one U.S. teen ages 13 to 17 and one parent per teen. The margin of sampling error for the full sample of […]

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Acknowledgments

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 19:54:10 +0000

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at pewresearch.org/internet. Primary researchers Michelle Faverio, Research Associate Olivia Sidoti, Research Analyst Research team Monica Anderson, Director, Internet and Technology Research Jeffrey Gottfried, Associate Director, Internet and Technology ResearchColleen McClain, Senior ResearcherEugenie Park, Research Assistant William Bishop, Research Associate […]

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Appendix: Detailed table

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 19:54:09 +0000

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Teens, Social Media and AI Chatbots 2025

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 19:54:07 +0000

Roughly one-in-five U.S. teens say they are on TikTok and YouTube almost constantly. At the same time, 64% of teens say they use chatbots, including about three-in-ten who do so daily.

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Acknowledgments

Mon, 08 Dec 2025 18:52:01 +0000

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Religion Holds Steady in America

Mon, 08 Dec 2025 18:52:00 +0000

Analysis of our polls and other data shows no clear evidence of a religious revival among young adults. Read more about religiousness by age and gender.

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Public Trust in Government: 1958-2025

Thu, 04 Dec 2025 18:51:52 +0000

While trust in government has been low for decades, the current measure is one of the lowest in the nearly seven decades since the question was first asked by the National Election Study, and it is lower than it was last year (22%).

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Methodology

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:54:13 +0000

Focus groups Pew Research Center worked with PSB Insights to conduct nine 90-minute online focus groups with a total of 44 U.S. adults from Sept. 24 to Oct. 10, 2024. The intent of this project was to explore the attitudes and experiences of adults without a four-year college degree, adults in rural areas, and people […]

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Acknowledgments

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:53:57 +0000

This is a Pew Research Center analysis from the Pew-Knight Initiative, a research program funded jointly by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Find related reports online at https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight/. Research Naomi Forman-Katz, Research AnalystMichael Lipka, Associate Director, News and Information ResearchKaterina Eva Matsa, Director, News and Information Research Christopher St. […]

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Appendix

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:54:06 +0000

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Young Adults and the Future of News

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:50:59 +0000

U.S. adults under 30 follow news less closely than any other age group. And they’re more likely to get (and trust) news from social media.

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Methodology

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 22:59:01 +0000

Ipsos KnowledgePanel and Omnibus methodology Introduction Ipsos delivers affordable, statistically valid online research through KnowledgePanel. KnowledgePanel is the first and largest online research panel that is representative of the entire U.S. population. Panel members are randomly recruited through probability-based sampling, and households are provided with access to the Internet and hardware if needed. Ipsos recruits […]

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Acknowledgments

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 22:59:01 +0000

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Jacob Poushter, Associate Director, Global Attitudes ResearchJordan Lippert, Research AnalystSofia Hernandez Ramones, Research Assistant Julia Armeli, Research AssistantDorene Asare-Marfo, Senior Panel ManagerPeter Bell, Associate Director, Design and ProductionJanakee Chavda, Associate Digital ProducerLaura Clancy, Research AnalystManolo Corichi, Research AnalystJonathan Evans, […]

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German Views of the U.S.-Germany Relationship Turn Sharply Negative

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 22:58:59 +0000

Nearly three-quarters of German adults say relations with the United States are bad, while only 24% of U.S adults say the same of relations with Germany.

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Methodology

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:15 +0000

The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 181 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Oct. 6 to Oct. 16, 2025. A total of 8,046 panelists responded out of 12,845 who were sampled, […]

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Acknowledgments

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:14 +0000

This report was written by Carolyne Im, research analyst, and Luis Noé-Bustamante, research associate. Editorial guidance was provided by Mark Hugo Lopez, director, race and ethnicity research; Sahana Mukherjee, associate director, race and ethnicity research; Steven Shepard, associate director, political research; and Hannah Hartig, senior researcher, political research. The report was reviewed by Neha Sahgal, […]

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Appendix: Supplemental tables

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:14 +0000

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6. Latinos’ experiences with immigration enforcement in the second Trump administration

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:13 +0000

Amid heightened deportation efforts during Donald Trump’s second term, about half of U.S. Latinos worry they or someone close to them might be deported, up from earlier in the year. A majority also say immigration arrests or raids have occurred in their local area in the past six months. Latinos are more likely than other […]

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5. What Latinos think about the Trump administration’s deportation efforts

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:12 +0000

U.S. Latinos mostly oppose the Trump administration’s immigration policy. Roughly two-thirds say they disapprove of the administration’s approach to immigration, and about seven-in-ten say the administration is doing too much when it comes to deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally. Compared with all U.S. adults, Latinos express more critical views. Although […]

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4. Latinos’ ratings of the U.S. economy and their top economic concerns

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:12 +0000

Ahead of the 2024 presidential election, Latino voters ranked the economy as the top issue in their vote. Meanwhile, Donald Trump made improving economic conditions a central part of his campaign message. But nearly a year into Trump’s second term, most Latinos rate the economy negatively. And 61% say that Trump’s policies have made the […]

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3. The state of Latinos’ finances: Outlook, experiences, preparedness for a financial downturn

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:11 +0000

U.S. government data shows that Hispanics’ financial situation has improved in some ways. Between 2023 and 2024, the median income of Hispanic households increased by 5.5%, and the poverty rate among Hispanics decreased from 16.6% to 15.0%.[10.numoffset=”10″ These are estimates published by the U.S. Census Bureau based on the 2024 Current Population Survey (CPS) and […]

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2. How Latinos see their group’s situation in the U.S.

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:10 +0000

For the first time in nearly two decades of Pew Research Center’s surveys of Hispanics, most say they think the situation of U.S. Hispanics has worsened in the last year. And about a third of Latinos say that in the last six months they have considered leaving the country, with the top reason being the […]

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1. How Latinos assess Trump and his impact on U.S. Hispanics

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:10 +0000

More Latinos disapprove than approve of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president, and most say his administration’s policies have been harmful to Hispanics. Additionally, about three-in-four Latinos are dissatisfied with the way things are going in the country today. These views come nearly one year after Trump was reelected to office. […]

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Majorities of Latinos Disapprove of Trump and His Policies on Immigration, Economy

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:09:06 +0000

78% of Hispanics say Trump’s policies harm their group, but views of the president and policies differ widely by how they voted in 2024.

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Video: Why have polls underestimated Donald Trump?

Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:56:02 +0000

We’re in an era where the people most likely to respond to a poll are also the most likely to vote Democratic for president. Pew Research Center’s head methodologist Courtney Kennedy explains how pollsters are tackling this challenge to make samples as representative as possible.

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Methodology

Thu, 20 Nov 2025 14:48:27 +0000

2025 National Public Opinion Reference Survey methodology Summary SSRS conducted the National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS) for Pew Research Center using address-based sampling and a multimode protocol. The survey was fielded from Feb. 5, 2025, to June 18, 2025. Participants were first mailed an invitation to complete an online survey. A paper survey was […]

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Acknowledgments

Thu, 20 Nov 2025 14:48:27 +0000

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at pewresearch.org/internet. Primary researchers Jeffrey Gottfried, Associate Director, Internet and Technology Research Eugenie Park, Research Assistant Research team Monica Anderson, Director, Internet and Technology Research Colleen McClain, Senior ResearcherWilliam Bishop, Research Associate Michelle Faverio, Research Associate Olivia Sidoti, Research Analyst […]

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Appendix

Thu, 20 Nov 2025 14:48:26 +0000

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Americans’ Social Media Use 2025

Thu, 20 Nov 2025 14:48:24 +0000

YouTube remains the most popular, but adults are increasingly using Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp and Reddit. Use of some platforms varies by age, gender, and race and ethnicity.

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Appendix

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 14:57:29 +0000

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Methodology

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 14:57:28 +0000

The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 182 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Oct. 20 to Oct. 26, 2025. A total of 5,111 panelists responded out of 5,866 who were sampled, […]

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Acknowledgments

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 14:57:27 +0000

This report is made possible by The Pew Charitable Trusts. It is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at: pewresearch.org/science. Primary research team Eileen Yam, Director, Science and Society ResearchGalen Stocking, Associate Director, Science and Society ResearchBrian Kennedy, Senior ResearcherGiancarlo Pasquini, Research AssociateEmma Kikuchi, […]

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Parents’ confidence in childhood vaccine effectiveness, safety testing and schedule

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 14:57:26 +0000

Key takeaways Amid a record number of U.S. measles cases and falling childhood vaccination rates nationwide, 57% of U.S. parents with minor children have high confidence that childhood vaccines are effective at preventing illness. But trust in these vaccines – and confidence in different aspects of them – differs by parents’ demographic characteristics and party […]

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How Do Americans View Childhood Vaccines, Vaccine Research and Policy?

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 14:57:24 +0000

A majority of Americans say childhood vaccines are effective at preventing illness, but slightly fewer are confident that the vaccine schedule is safe.

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Methodology

Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:48:56 +0000

Pew Research Center’s survey in South Africa was conducted as part of the Spring 2025 Global Attitudes Survey. The data is from a survey of 1,570 adults conducted face-to-face from Feb. 21 to March 30, 2025. Interviews were conducted in Afrikaans, English, North Sotho, South Sotho, Xhosa and Zulu. The survey is representative of the […]

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Acknowledgments

Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:48:55 +0000

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Laura Clancy, Research AnalystJordan Lippert, Research AnalystManolo Corichi, Research Analyst Julia Armeli, Research AssistantDorene Asare-Marfo, Senior Panel ManagerPeter Bell, Associate Director, Design and ProductionJanakee Chavda, Associate Digital Producer Jonathan Evans, Senior ResearcherMoira Fagan, Research AssociateJanell Fetterolf, Senior ResearcherShannon Greenwood, […]

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2. How South Africans view their country’s leaders, parties

Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:48:55 +0000

As of early 2025, favorability of the governing African National Congress and optimism about the economy are both up since before the 2024 election.

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1. How South Africans see their country’s global standing

Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:48:54 +0000

A plurality of South Africans say their country’s influence has been getting weaker in recent years, but views vary somewhat by political ideology.

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South Africans See Their Country’s Influence Weakening Ahead of G20

Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:48:53 +0000

Economic optimism remains low in South Africa but is improving. Adults there increasingly see China favorably and value economic ties with China.

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Appendix B: Post and comment classification prompts

Wed, 12 Nov 2025 18:58:43 +0000

For this report, Reddit posts and comments were classified using the following prompts to GPT-4.1 mini. The prompts were designed to mirror the codebooks that our research team used to create the validation datasets of human-annotated posts and comments. In the prompt templates below, italics indicate input text that varies based on the post or […]

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Appendix A: Distinctive terms by topic in r/Parenting posts

Wed, 12 Nov 2025 18:58:42 +0000

All 29,925 Reddit posts in our dataset were classified by mentions of three topics: family finances, technology use, and division of labor. We used a pointwise mutual information (PMI) metric to identify terms that are associated with posts mentioning each topic. Distinctive terms for each topic are listed in the table below.

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