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REF REC START END GENS L LOCATION A COMMENTS
311 7 -3000 -2600 A Akkadians E S Mesopotamia L
Semitic speakers.
900 26 -3000 -2000 A Anatolians U C TR L
Acc/to (315-3).
42 1 -3000 -2000 A Early Minoan U Crete L
Culture. Reference says resulted from
immigrants coming from AM.
153 19 -3000 -1800 A Megalith U Britain L
Culture. Stone Circles. Calibrated BC
dates.
21 1 -3000 -1600 A Minoan U Crete L
Culture.
25 8 -3000 -573 A Phoenicians E S Lebanon (area around Sidon and L
Tyre)
Start date is rough date given by
Encyclopedia Brittanica. Possible origin
from Persian Gulf. Sidon fell to Assyrians
sometime between -677 and -668. End date
conquest of Tyre by Babylonians. People
presumably remained since Encyclopedia
Brittanica says that Phoenician was spoken
until replaced by Aramaic in 1st c BC.
41 8 -3000 # A Proto-Samoyeds O Taiga of W Siberia where S group M
of Vogul now live or even further
S, but N of 57
From W of Urals Mts around bend of Volga R
along Kama & Vyathka RR (V'atka) and also
somewhat further E. *{41-7}* Branch of
Uralics.
901 80 -3000 250 A Proto-Samoyeds O {Taiga of W Siberia where S group L
of Vogul now live or even further
S, but N of 57} *{41-8}*
Start date to conform to (41-7); end date
to conform to records for specific Samoyed
tribes. They moved further E over the
centuries, but this does not affect our
European database. There must have been a
change from Proto-Samoyeds to
Samoyeds before these split up into N & S
branches ca 250 AD, but we know nothing of
this. Branch of Uralics.
47 7 -2800 -1900 A Crnobuki U Pelagonia & Lyncus (Macedonia). L
(For the location of the Crnobuki
site itself see Map 19, No. 7, in
ref.)
Culture. Successor to Porodin. Early
Helladic period.
901 123 -2800 -2000 A Gumelnita U Dobrugea (ROM) L
Culture. Acc/to (173-8).
47 13 -2800 -1900 A Proto-Myceneans H Porodin (Pelagonia) L
This is the Porodin group. They acquired
Greek from invading Greek speaking Kurgan
people.
155 9 -2700 -1900 A Barrow Graves U Moldova, Dobrugea, Muntenia M
From N Pontic steppes (N of Black Sea).
All dates for this article are
uncalibrated C 14 (bc).
900 117 -2700 -1800 A KarelianCulture U E SF & adjacent SU, see map 11a L
(49); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Acc/to (380-49), (381-53). Full name:
Karelian Culture.
380 51 -2700 -700 N Kargopol U U Onega R & U Suchona R, also nr L L
Beloje, SU, see map 10a (46);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (387-44).
(Intermediate times documented by other
records.)
173 12 -2700 -1800 A Petresti U C Transilvania (ROM) L
Culture.
173 13 -2600 -1800 A Decea U W Transilvania (ROM) L
Culture.
129 1 -2500 -1600 A Afanasjevo U Altai & Minussinsk areas L
First Kurgan graves.
315 2 -2500 -1450 A Cretans U W GR, Aegean Islands of Thira, S
Milos, Kithira, Kea, Karpathos,
Rhodes, and to Miletus, TR.
Not clear where they came from. Could be
bearers of the Minoan Culture.
169 32 -2500 -2000 A Finno-Ugrians F Oka & Volga RR basins L
Really Proto-Finno-Ugrians. End date is
guess supported by (201-13). This record
is largely based on linguistic data, hence
times are pretty vague. Linkages to later
Finns and Ugrians remain to be
established. These may have to be recoded
later with a letter other than F, to
distinguish them from the Finnic and Ugric
branches (their descendants).
170 4 -2500 -1500 A Fishers-Hunters U Norway N of Trondheim, Sweden N of L
Dalarne (Dalarna) region
Culture.
311 20 -2500 -2300 A Hurrians O E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran Q
From Armenia (but Ploetz p. 74 says from
NW Iran). Language isolate acc/to Ruhlen,
but remotely related to Caucasian
(Kartvellian) languages by others.
901 87 -2500 -2300 A Hurrians O {E TR,N Syria and possibly NW L
Iran} *{311-20}*
Start date to conform to (311-20); end
date to conform to (311-21) and (311-22).
219 3 -2500 -1750 A Khattic O NC AM, roughly within Cekerek L
(classical Scylax) & Delice
(classical Cappadox) RR basins.
Language of the original non-IE Hittites.
Stated as having inhabited area since
prehistoric times. Actual start time may
be earlier than -2500.
131 2 -2500 -2000 A Pit Graves U E Carpathians, Tisza R area L
Culture. From S Russian steppes. Pastoral
tribes.
234 1 -2500 -1800 A Tripolye U Middle Dnepr R area in Ukraine L
Culture.
26 4 -2400 -1900 A Tyrrhenian U Castelluccio (SE Sicily) L
Culture. From East by way of sea, Aegaean
influence. Dates need confirmation. They
are only implicit.
215 7 -2300 # N Anatolians O C & Pontic Anatolia AM L
Hattian speakers.
901 121 -2300 -1600 A Cernavoda U Dobrugea & lower Danube R L
Culture. For consistency with (48-1),
which reports a migration but before 2200
BC.
222 3 -2300 -1850 A Early Cypriot U Cyprus L
Culture. Early Bronze. Possibly related to
major Anatolian catastrophe at end of E B
2.Perhaps Cyprus peopled by survivors from
Anatolia. Stated (on p 31) that they
appear to have mixed with and not to have
destroyed the sparse Chalcolithic
II population in Morphou Bay, their first
landfall.
139 5 -2300 -1900 A Hittites A C Anatolia M
Few in number at first. Probably from the
Balkans, but there is an alternative
hypothesis that has them coming from NE
via Caucasus (Mellaart in ref 139; also
ref 311.)
901 104 -2300 -1900 A Hittites A C Anatolia L
For consistency with (139-5).
311 21 -2300 -2100 A Hurrians O SC TR (Cappadocia) E
From E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran.
*{311-20}*
311 22 -2300 -1900 A Hurrians O NW Syria E
From E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran.
*{311-20}*
218 4 -2300 -1550 A Hurrians O {E TR,N Syria and possibly NW L
Iran} + {NW Syria}+ {AM (that part
called Cappadociain Hellenistic
times)} *{901-87} + {311-22} +
{218-5}*
Start date to conform to (311-21); end
date to conform to (220-2). Probably the
lower population stratum.
216 20 -2300 # A Luvians A Balikesir Plain, AM, See map 1 SW M
AM, Konya Plain, Cilicia,
Eskisehir-Ankara area.
From the Balkans.
900 208 -2300 -1940 A Luvians A {Balikesir Plain, AM, See map 1 SW L
AM, Konya Plain, Cilicia,
Eskisehir-Ankara area.} *{216-20}*
Acc/to (216-20).
139 6 -2300 -1900 A Palaeans A W Anatolia M
From the Balkans.
311 4 -2200 -2000 A Amorites E C & S Mesopotamia S
From area betw Euphrates and Orontes RR,
Syria. *{311-3}*
311 5 -2200 -2100 A Amorites E Along Lebanon Mtns Lebanon & S
Israel.
From area betw Euphrates and Orontes RR,
Syria. *{311-3}*
311 6 -2200 -1900 A Amorites E NW Syria S
From area betw Euphrates and Orontes RR,
Syria. *{311-3}*
311 3 -2200 -1900 A Amorites E Area betw Euphrates and Orontes L
RR, Syria.
224 2 -2200 -1800 A Assyrians E Kueltepe (ancient Kanesh, nr S
modern Kayseri)(C AM).
From Assyria. They are merchants in
Anatolia.
900 64 -2200 -607 A Assyrians E Assyria (centered on Tigris R), L
Iraq.
(Source: Encyclopedia Brittanica & (312-
7)).
382 20 -2200 -1900 A Auvernier U E C F, see map 12a (17); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
169 65 -2200 -1900 A Balanovo U W of Volga R (see Map 12a) CS L
Atlas).
170 3 -2200 -1900 A Battle Axe U S S, E DK, SE N M
At least some from east (Fatjavono
culture).
382 22 -2200 -1800 N Battle Axe U SCA, & Estonia, see map 12a (18: O- L
Q); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
The cultures are boat shaped battle axes.
End date to fit (383-28).
44 5 -2200 -1550 A Bell Beakers U All of GB & IRL L
Author believes that the people bearing
this culture migrated to this locality
from the continent (by implications); but
he was an arch migrationist. This includes
both A & B Beaker cultures. Start date
acc/to (44-4).
172 12 -2200 -1700 A Bell Beakers U NW Transdanubia, H (see Map p. 14 L
in ref 131)
Culture. End date acc/to (131-4).
901 118 -2200 -1900 A Bell Beakers U N I, W Sicily, Bohemia & Moravia L
Combined from (26-1), (26-2), (152-5). In
N I Remedello Culture; in W Sicily Conca
d'Oro Culture.
901 119 -2200 -1550 A Bell Beakers U Iberia, F, D, N B, C NL L
Culture. Combined from (167-5), (383-47),
(384-55), (382-25), (179-12), (180-2), and
(181-3).
382 15 -2200 -1900 N Conca d'Oro U Sicily, see map 12a (12); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Intermingled with Bell Beakers
(see (382-25)). Said to be Bell Beakers by
(26-2).
382 21 -2200 -1850 N Corded Ware U C Europe, SCA,& W SU, see map 12a L
(18: A-Z); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
The "cultures" designated within this area
include Corded Pottery and Battle Axe but
there is no specification as to which is
which so I have considered it one large
culture(s) area, for lack of any better
way to deal with this! Cultures
from earlier periods, which had been kept
separate, including Fatjanovo & Balanovo,
are included, by the authors, in this
large group. End date interpolated between
this record and (383-19), (383-25), (383-
26), (383-27), and (383-29).
Culture derived from Forest-steppe zone
between Vistula & Dnepr RR for Baltic
countries in (169-17), and from the ochre
graves of S Russia in (179-7) for C D.
Believed by (19-2) to be differentiated I-
E already.
901 122 -2200 -1700 A Cotofeni U C Transylvania, W Oltenia, Banat L
(all ROM) (see also Map 12a(6a),
Czech atlas)
Culture. Record synthesized from (382-10),
(48-12), and (48-17).
48 4 -2200 -1800 A Cucuteni U NE Muntenia & Moldavia & SE L
Transilvania, ROM
Culture.
382 26 -2200 -1900 N Ditch Comb U Area bounded on E by Onega R, in L
NW cutting across SF, in SE nr Oka
R, also isolated area along
Vycegda R, NW SU. See map 12a
(20); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
382 27 -2200 -1900 N Ditch Comb U PL & NW Europe (mostly S S),see L
map 12a(23); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
172 37 -2200 -1550 A Fatjanovo B C Russia (maps 12a(x) & 14a(26), L
CS Atlas)
Anthrop. Europid.
382 23 -2200 -1900 N Finger Grave U CH, see map 12a (18 L
H);"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture, part of Corded Ware & Battle Axe
Cultures.
382 14 -2200 -1900 N Gaudo U S I, see map 12a (11 and 13); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Note that Gaudo also found in
area labelled as Lateriya (382-16).
48 7 -2200 -1800 A Gumelnita U Mid & W Muntenia (Valachia) ROM L
Culture.
47 18 -2200 -1900 A Ionians H Ionian Gulf & hinterlands (map 3) L
This is questionable.
382 13 -2200 -1850 N Jamov-Catacomb U S & C SU, betw Juznyi Bug & Ural L
RR, see map 12a (10);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date interpolated between
this record and (383-36) (Catacomb).
382 12 -2200 -1900 N Kemi-Obyn U Crimea, see map 12a (9); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
382 7 -2200 -1850 N Late Ezero U E BG, see map 12a (3); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Syn: Karanovo VIIb. Culture. End date
interpolated to fit start date of (383-3).
48 11 -2200 -2000 A Late Vinca U W Banat (Only the province (?) in L
ROM is meant. See Fig. 1 in ref.)
Culture.
48 19 -2200 -1800 A Late Vinca U SW Transilvania (ROM) L
Culture.
382 16 -2200 -1900 N Laterza U SE I, see map 12a (13); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Gaudo & other cultures also found
here, with Lateriya.
48 16 -2200 -1900 A LatestNeolithic U Mid Transilvania (ROM) L
The culture entry LatestNeolithic should
be Latest Neolithic. (This abbrev. has
been added to the people synonym list.)
48 21 -2200 -1700 A LatestNeolithic U W Transilvania & Maramures (ROM) L
The culture entry LatestNeolithic should
be Latest Neolithic. (This abbrev. has
been added to the people synonym list.)
382 1 -2200 -1900 N Middle Helladic U GR, see map 12a (1a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
382 2 -2200 -1850 N Middle Minoan U Crete, see map 12a (1b); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
382 3 -2200 -1900 N MiddleBronzeAge U Cyclades, Thessaly, Greek L
Macedonia, see map 12a (1c, d,e);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Full culture name: Old & Beginning of
Middle Bronze Age.
360 1 -2200 -1500 N Nordic Culture G N from Elbe R area around Luebeck L
& Hamburg, D & into DK.
Time period = Late Neolithic; marking
early spread of this culture.
382 19 -2200 -1900 N Ozieri U Sardinia, Corsica, see map 12a L
(16); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Intermingled with Bell Beakers
(see (382-25)).
203 4 -2200 -1800 A Passage Graves U Skane, Halland, Vaestergoetland, L
Bohuslaen, Oeland (S)
Culture. Reference suggests migration from
unspecified location.
900 96 -2200 # A Proto-Balts B Shores of Baltic, Byelorussia M
greater Russia. Along Baltic up to
SW SF. To middle & upper Dnepr,
upper Volga, & Oka RR. + {C Russia
(maps 12a(x) & 14a(26), CS
Atlas).} *(38-1) + {172-37}*
From Eurasian (Pontic) Steppes (lower
Dnepr R Basin).
900 97 -2200 -1300 A Proto-Balts B Shores of Baltic, Byelorussia L
greater Russia. Along Baltic up to
SW SF. To middle & upper Dnepr,
upper Volga, & Oka RR. See fig 10
xerox in ref 38. - [ {C Russia
(maps 12a(x) & & 14a(26), CS
Atlas)} + {Along Belaja R as far
as S Ural
Mts.} + {E along Volga R & its
tributaries, lower Oka, Sura,
lower Vjatka, lower Kama RR.}]
*(38-3) - [{172-37} + {38-10}* * +
{38-9}] *
382 18 -2200 -1900 N Remedello U N I, see map 12a (15); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Italian versions of Bell Beaker Culture
acc/to (168-7).
382 17 -2200 -1900 N Rinaldone U C I, see map 12a (14); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
48 10 -2200 -1800 A Salcuta U Oltenia & E Banat (ROM)(see Fig. 1 L
in ref)
Culture.
382 9 -2200 -1850 N Schneckenberg-G U R, see map 12a (6); "Archeologicky L
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
End date interpolated between this record
and (383-9) and (383-6). Full name of
culture: "Schneckenberg-Glina III."
Apparently fragmented into Late
Schneckenberg (383-9) and Late Glina III
(383-6).
382 24 -2200 -1900 N Schoenfeld U Area at junction of Havel and Elbe L
RR, N DDR, see map 12a(18a)
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Apparently associated with Corded
Ware (Corded Pottery).
208 4 -2200 -2000 A Slate U E Finnmark (N) L
Culture. "First introduced from the East
somewhere."
382 6 -2200 -1700 N Troy U NW AM and Thrace, see map 12a (2); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
End date acc/to (383-4). Culture comprises
Troy V & VI.
382 8 -2200 -1850 N Vucedol U YU, A, H, see map 12a (4); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Also referred to as Zok Complex.
It includes several groups: Mako-Kosihy,
Nyirseg-Zatin. End date interpolated
betwen this record and (383-5).
901 124 -2100 -1600 A Armenokhori U S Macedonia L
Culture. Early Helladic III & Middle
Helladic periods. Acc/to ref. 47, p. 214.
157 1 -2100 -1300 A Maliq U Albania L
Culture: Including Maliq IIIa through
IIId. End date acc/to (385-6). Author
believes that this represents new ethnic
element. Not stated from where they came.
Supposedly mixed with local Eneolithic
population.
48 2 -2100 # A Ochre Grave U W & N coasts of Black Sea, also M
Caucasus.
From N of the Black Sea & wooded steppes.
This is a culture, but ref is quite
explicit that ochre-grave folk moved.
901 120 -2100 -1800 A Ochre Grave U {W & N coasts of Black Sea, also L
Caucasus} *{48-2}*
Culture. For consistency with (48-2). End
date suggested by ref.
112 6 -2100 -1300 A Tumulus U W Serbia, Glasinac, Herzegovina, L
Montenegro & Dalmatia.
131 3 -2000 # A Anatolians U BG, ROM, Vardar-Morava-Danube R M
areas.
From Anatolia (C TR). *{900-26}*
37 3 -2000 -800 A Cimmerians R Betw lower Danube & Caucasus Mts L
This is Gimbutas' hypothesis concerning
the people who produced the North Pontic
culture. Pushed out by Scythians.
221 14 -2000 -300 N Lycians A Lycia: Xanthus, Pinara, Myra, L
Phellus & Antiphellus. + SW AM
betw Caria & Pamphylia & extending
to ridge of Taurus Mts.
Origin unknown. Possibly were part of
Luvians who came via Balkans. Start time
chosen conservatively for Late Bronze.
*(Location modified to include area
described by * *(224-37).) *
47 23 -2000 -1700 A Paeones U EC Macedonia (Mid-Vardar R plain) L
End date to conform to (47-24).
203 5 -2000 -1800 A Pitted Ware U S coast of S (see Fig. 18 in ref) L
Culture. Ref states that they immigrated
from the East.
900 341 -2000 -1200 A Proto-Illyrians Y Betw Epirus & Cetina R & defined L
inland by Neretva R & the mouth of
its tributary, the Rama, & from
the area by the watershed of the
Neretva & Bosna RR. + From mouth
of Cetina to mouth of Krka R, incl
W & S Bosnia & Lika plain.
Acc/to (112-1), (128-2), (158-1), (158-5).
Locality definition acc/to (158-1), (158-
5). This is the group ancestral to Istri,
Dalmatians, Pannonians and other Illyrian
language family tribes, whom we listed
starting in 1200 BC.
900 253 -2000 -1200 A Proto-Thracians P E Balkans, Carpathians (mostly ROM L
and Moldavian SSR, acc/to (387-8).)
Origins of Thracians ambiguous. Ref 128
has them coming into Balkans from Hungary
and E Galicia. Possible connection with
Ochre Grave culture (ref 39). *Location
information from (128-1).*
208 9 -2000 -1500 A Slate U From E Finnmark to Mien (N of L
Alesund) (N)
Culture. Apparent expansion over (208-4).
End date is fictitious. No indication
given in ref.
37 4 -2000 -1800 A Timbergrave R Don to Ural RR (see fig 351, L
xerox).
Proto-Scythians.
23 2 -1950 # A Achaeans H Macedonia Q
But not necessarily displacing the
Thracians. Coming from the NE.
218 5 -1940 -1780 A Amorites E AM (that part called Cappadocia in L
Hellenistic times).
Western Semites. Came with Assyrians. May
have been in AM earlier. Perhaps came from
NW Syria. *{311-6}*
218 3 -1940 # A Luvians A AM (that part called Cappadocia in E
Hellenistic times).
At least the ruling classes from Balikesir
Plain, AM, (See map 1.), SW AM, Konya
Plain, Cilicia, Eskisehir-Ankara area.
*{900-208}* They could also be Hittites.
900 209 -1940 -1600 A Luvians A {Balikesir Plain, AM, See map 1 SW L
AM, Konya Plain, Cilicia,
Eskisehir-Ankara area.} +{AM (that
part called Cappadocia in
Hellenistic times).} *{900-208} +
{218-3}*
47 19 -1900 -1550 A Aeolians H C & S Albania L
47 10 -1900 -1600 A Bukri U W Macedonia (for the location of L
the Bukri site itself, see Map 19,
No. 9, in ref.)
Culture. Overthrew more artistic and
advanced Crnobuki culture. For further
cultures (not captured) see chronology on
p. 214. Middle Helladic period.
173 15 -1900 -1700 A Cernavoda U Valachia (ROM) L
Culture.
47 17 -1900 -1600 A Dorian-Macednan H Haliacmon RV (S Maced.) around L
Servia, later held region of
Thessaly known as Phtiotis, &
country under Mts Ossa & Olympus.
47 12 -1900 -1600 A Greeks H Pelagonia W
From NE.
900 212 -1900 # A Hittites A {C Anatolia} - {Halys R area, TB
around Ankara, TR} *{901-104} -
{311-23}*
To Halys R area, around Ankara, TR *{311-
23}* Necessary to adjust location to
conform with with (311-23).
311 23 -1900 -1700 A Hittites A Halys R area, around Ankara, TR L
900 205 -1900 -1300 A Ionians H Attica, Euboea M
Questionable whether they came from Ionian
Gulf & hinterlands (map 3, ref 47). *{47-
18}* May have originated in situ.
900 146 -1900 -400 A Ionians H {Attica, Euboea} *{900-205}* L
Acc/to (162-1). Also reported from Attica
in numerous refs. Acc/to (22-14), around -
1000 only remaining Achaeans (original
Greeks) in face of Doric Invasion. Also in
area around Athens, GR acc/to (318-1).
123 3 -1900 # A Luvians A Crete (E&C;) S
From AM.
900 206 -1900 -1500 A Luvians A {Crete (E&C;)} *{123-3}* L
Acc/ to L.R. Palmer in ref 139 based on
scant linguistic evidence, but Crossland
thinks that Luvians did not migrate in
large numbers.
47 20 -1900 -1600 A Macednans H N Pieria L
Collateral branch of Greek-speaking
people. They are the ancient Macedonians.
47 16 -1900 -1600 A NW. Greeks H C Albania, C Epirus Q
From Porodin (Pelagonia). *{47-13}* Only
part of population.
900 142 -1900 -1000 N NW. Greeks H {C Albania, C Epirus} *{47-16}* L
Following (47-16).
900 210 -1900 -1700 A Palaeans A {Pala region of AM (classical M
Paphlagonia, modern Kastamonu).}
*{219-6}*
Needed to get them from Pala distr. in
Khatti (139-3) to (219-6).
219 6 -1900 -1500 A Palaeans A Pala region of AM (classical L
Paphlagonia, modern Kastamonu).
38 2 -1900 -1700 A Proto-Balts B N limit from Lithuania to upper I
Volga. Shores of Baltic,
Byelorussia, greater Russia. Along
Baltic up to SW SF. To middle &
upper Dnepr, upper Volga & Oka RR.
With established neolithic farmers or
hunter-fishers -- funnel beaker culture,
bell beaker culture, comb marked & pitted
ware people amalgam.
123 5 -1900 # A Proto-Hellenes H Epiros, W Thessaly & Pieria L
Probably syn. with Proto-Greeks.
383 36 -1850 -1700 N Catacomb U S SU betw Volga & Dnestr RR, L
seemap 13a (32); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolated between
this record and (382-13) (Jamov-Catacomb).
383 29 -1850 -1700 N Corded Ware U W SU, see map 13a (24); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Start date interpolated to conform to (382-
21). Culture gave rise to Komarov Culture
acc/to (13-19), and to Trzciniec Culture
acc/to (13-5).
383 19 -1850 -1700 N L.Corded Ware U CH, see map 13a (16a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Full name: Late Corded Ware. Start date
interpolated to conform to (382-21).
383 25 -1850 -1700 N L.Corded Ware U Upper reaches of Bug R in W L
Ukraine, see map 13a(22);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Pocapsky type of Late Corded Pottery. Full
name: Late Corded Ware. Start date
interpolated to conform to (382-21).
383 26 -1850 -1700 N L.Corded Ware U NW Ukraine, see map 13a (22a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Strizovo culture of Late Corded Pottery.
Full name: Late Corded Ware. Start date
interpolated to conform to (382-21).
383 27 -1850 -1700 N L.Corded Ware U N D, N NL, N DDR, SCA,see map 13a L
(23); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Full name: Late Corded Ware. Start date
interpolated to conform to (382-21).
383 3 -1850 -1675 N Late Ezero U SE BG, see map 13a (2a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Middle Bronze Age (Trojan
influence). Start and end dates
interpolated to fit (382-7) and (384-4),
respectively. Apparent slight southward
displacement over (382-7).
383 6 -1850 -1600 N Late Glina III U S R, see map 13a (5); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolated between
this record and (382-9). Area previously
part of Schneckenberg-Glina III (382-9).
See (383-9) for Late Schneckenberg. End
date acc/to (48-8) and (48-14). Syn. Glina.
383 9 -1850 -1700 N Late Schneckenb U N & C R, se map 13a (7); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolated between
this record and (382-9). Full name: Late
Schneckenberg. Area previously part of
Schneckenberg-Glina III (382-9). See (383-
6) for Glina III.
383 5 -1850 -1700 N Late Vucedol U NE YU, see map 13a (4); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Start date interpolation between (382-8)
and this record. Apparent contraction over
(382-8). Referred to as a "group," not a
culture.
222 4 -1850 -1550 A Middle Cypriot U Cyprus L
Culture in Middle Bronze.
383 2 -1850 -1700 N MiddleBronzeAge U Crete, see map 13a (2); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
"Minoan" culture. Full name: Middle Bronze
Age.
383 18 -1800 -1675 A Adlerberg U Rhine R area, W C D, see map 13a L
(16); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
21 5 -1800 # A Aegaeans U Greek mainland I
By Achaeans.
900 28 -1800 -1300 A Andronovo U Ural & Kama RR area, N of Caspian L
Sea, SU, see map 13a (34);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Acc/to (383-38), same as (384-37) or (385-
26).
383 28 -1800 -1650 N Battle Axe U N D, N NL, N DDR, SCA,see map 13a L
(23); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
End date to conform to (384-45). Culture.
Apparent expansion to N D over (382-22).
In SF the culture becomes Kiukais culture,
which acc/to (202-3) is an amalgam of
Battle Axe and primordial peoples.
383 31 -1800 -1675 N Castellucio U Sicily & "toe" of I, see map 13a L
(27); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date interpolation between
this record and (384-17).
173 19 -1800 -1200 A Costisa U N Moldavia, ROM L
Culture. Part of "Trzciniec Culture
Complex" acc/to (384-27).
383 35 -1800 -1100 N ElArgar U S E, see map 13a (31); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (386-19). Ref 230
says these gave rise to Iberians s. str.
383 20 -1800 -1550 N Grob-Smiardow U Area W of Oder R and N of Warta R, L
NW PL, see map 13a(17);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (384-21). Syn.
Grob II acc/to (384-21).
383 13 -1800 -1700 N Hatvan U S CS & N H, see map 13a (11); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Including Tokod group.
383 21 -1800 -1550 N Iwno U Lower Wista R area, N PL, see map L
13a (18); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Syn. Iwienska.
900 118 -1800 -700 A KarelianCulture U Betw White Sea & L Ladoga, N SU & L
E SF, see map 17a (41);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Acc/to (383-45), (386-39), (387-43), (384-
42), (385-32). Full name: Karelian Culture.
383 12 -1800 -1700 N Kisapostag U W H, see map 13a (10); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Including Guntramsdorf-Drassburg
(= Litzenkeramik & Burgenland).
383 46 -1800 -1475 N Kiukais U SW SF & W Estonia, see map 13a L
(43); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date interpolated between
(384-43) and (385-35). Syn. Kiukainen.
Acc/to (203-3) these are an amalgam of
Battle Axe and primordial peoples.
383 23 -1800 -1700 N Kostian U Carpathian Mts., CS, see map 13a L
(20); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
383 39 -1800 -1100 N Marjaniv-Bondar U Psiol & Donec RR area, SU, see map L
13a (35); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
End date acc/to (386-33). Full culture
name: "Marjaniv-Bondarichin."
383 24 -1800 -1700 N Meranovo U Betw Upper Wista & Upper Warta RR, L
S PL, see map 13a(21);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
383 1 -1800 -1700 N MiddleBronzeAge U GR & Macedonia, see map 13a (1); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
"Helladic" culture. Full name: Middle
Bronze Age.
383 34 -1800 -1550 N Monte Claro U Sardinia, Corsica, see map 13a L
(30); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Incl. Megalith culture of Corsica
(225-9). End date acc/to (384-56).
383 11 -1800 -1700 N Nayrev U Between Danube & Tisza RR, C H, L
see map 13a(9); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Including Csepel (= Protonagyrev)
group.
383 22 -1800 -1700 N Nitran U Lower Vah R area, C S, see map L
13a(19); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
383 7 -1800 -1700 N Older Monteoru U Moldavia, E R, see map 13a (6); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Continued as Monteoru (48-6).
173 17 -1800 -1200 A Otomani U NW ROM & adjacent areas of H L
Culture.
383 10 -1800 -1675 N Periam U E YU & W R, see map 13a (8); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Possible synonyms include:
Pejamos, Pecica (although ref (48-18)
shows Pecica to follow Periam in SW
Transylvania).
383 33 -1800 -1675 N Polada U N I, SE F, see map 13a (29); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
End date interpolated betw this record and
(384-49). This culture also referred to as
"Terramare."
383 37 -1800 -1700 N Poltava U Volga R area, S of mouth of Samara L
R, see map 13a(33); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
383 32 -1800 -1650 N Proto-Appenine U I, see map 13a (28); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date to conform to (384-48).
Continued as Appenine (384-48).
139 15 -1800 -900 A Proto-Italics I I M
From NE. These are represented later by
Latin, Oscan, and Umbrian speaking groups.
Start date acc/to beginning or Terramare
culture in CSSR Atlas linked to (26-5).
This ref starts them at 1500 BC.
383 17 -1800 -1675 N Straubing U Area S of Upper Danube R, Bavaria, L
D, see map 13a(15); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date interpolated between
this record and (384-18).
173 21 -1800 -1200 A Tei U Valachia E of Olt R, ROM L
Culture. Late Tei Culture is also included
in record (385-15), Coslogeni.
900 226 -1800 # A Timbergrave R Area west of Don to Ural RR (see E
fig 351, xerox). *{37-4}*
From Don to Ural RR (see fig 351, xerox).
*{37-4}* Proto-Scythians acc/to ref 37.
900 227 -1800 -750 A Timbergrave R {Don to Ural RR (see fig 351, L
xerox).} + {Area west of Don to
Ural RR (see fig 351, xerox).}
*{37-4} + {900-226}*
Proto-Scythians acc/to ref 37. We extend
termination date from -1100 (ref 37) to -
750 to link up with the appearance of
Scythians proper. If we should find other
gentes occupying this area between -1100
and -750, we need to adjust this
time.
383 42 -1800 -1550 N Turbino U Area around Perm, SU, see map 13a L
(38); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (384-36).
383 15 -1800 -1675 N Unetice U Elbe R, Oder R, and Morava (March) L
R areas (E A), S CS, D, & PL, see
map 13a(13); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Called "Older Unetice." End date
interpolated between this record and (384-
17). Believed by (19-3) to have been Indo-
Europeans.
383 16 -1800 -1700 N Unterwoebling U Danube R area A, see map 13a (14); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
383 40 -1800 -1300 N Valdaj U Lovat R area, NW SU, see map 13a L
(36); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (385-29).
108 5 -1800 -1700 A Vinkovci U YU Danube Basin (includes: Szava L
nr Siklos, Gradina on Bosut R,
Vinkovci, Sirmia, part of
Slavonia, Baranja area,
Svetozarevo in W Serbia, Szeged in
H.)
Full name: Vinkovci-Somogyvar Culture.
383 41 -1800 -1675 N Volosovsk U Area SE of L. Ladoga, extending NE L
to Vaga R & E to Vjetka R, NW SU,
see map
13a(37);"ArcheologickyAtlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date interpolated between
this record and (384-35).
383 44 -1800 -700 N White Sea U Onezkij Peninsula W of L
Archangelsk, N SU, see map 13a
(41); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (387-45).
173 18 -1800 -1200 A Wietenberg U E & SE Transilvania (ROM)(See Fig. L
4 in ref)
Culture.
219 7 -1750 -900 A Kaska U N of Kattusha (mod. Bogazkoey, L
TR), AM
Nomads of unknown language, troublesome to
Hittites. End date to conform to (224-16).
219 4 -1750 -1500 A Khattic O {NC AM, roughly within Cekerek I
(classical Scylax) & Delice
(classical Cappadox) RR basins}
*{219-3}*
End date: guess. By Hittite speakers.
119 2 -1750 -1650 A Mysians P NW margins BG, NE Serbia L
Origin ambiguous. Termination date from
reference 39 by same author.
139 14 -1750 -1300 A Tumulus U Danubian area (C Europe) L
& Urnfield.
305 7 -1700 -400 A Black Sea U E ROM, E BG, S SU, around Black L
Sea and C SU.
Full name: Black Sea Culture Area.
900 213 -1700 # A Hittites A {Halys R area, around Ankara, TR} E
+ Khattusha in Khatti, AM (approx.
from Kizil Irmak R (R Halys) & the
plain of Konya in W to mts in
Malatya region in E). *{311-23} +
(139-1)*
From Halys R area, around Ankara, TR.
*{311-23}* Necessary to adjust to (139-1).
900 214 -1700 -1650 A Hittites A {Halys R area, around Ankara, TR + L
Khattusha in Khatti, AM (approx.
from Kizil Irmak R (R Halys) & the
plain of Konya in W to mts in
Malatya region in E).} *{900-213}*
Acc/ to (139-1).
131 5 -1700 -1300 A Incrusted Ware U Transdanubian H up to Drava R (see L
map on p. 16)
Culture.
48 6 -1700 -1300 A Monteoru U NE Muntenia & Moldova (Moldavia), L
ROM (see Fig. 4 in ref 173)
Culture.
305 1 -1700 -1400 A Old Bronze Age U Betw Rhine, Sava, Duna (Danube) L
and Odra (Oder) RR, D, DDR, A, CS,
PL, H, YU.
Culture.
47 24 -1700 -1500 A Paeones U Beyond Vardar R thru plain to E
Ludias R, then into Eordaea,
Lyncus & finally Pelagonia. Up
Vardar R to Stobi.
Dates are guesses to place this action
with limits given by (47-23) and (901-97).
901 98 -1700 -1400 A Paeones U {EC Macedonia (Mid-Vardar R L
plain)} + {Beyond Vardar R thru
plain to Ludias R, then into
Eordaea, Lyncus & finally
Pelagonia. Up Vardar R to
Stobi.} *{47-23} + {47-24}* Start date for consistency with (47-24).
End date for consistency with (901-97).
173 23 -1700 -1100 A Pecica U SW Transylvania (Temisoara area), L
ROM
Culture. End date acc/to Fig. 51 in ref
48. Latest Pecica considered Early
Hallstatt in ref 48, Fig. 51.
131 6 -1700 -1400 A Tell Culture U E H (see 131, p. 16, Fig.3, shades L
3a-3c)
Culture comprised of Perjamos,
Fuezesabony, & Gyulavarsand cultures.
384 3 -1700 -1250 N Troy U W AM and Thrace, see map 14a (1b); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
This is the Troy VI Culture. Start date
for consistency with (382-6); end date
acc/to (385-3) and for consistency with
(386-14). This appears to be an expansion
of area in (382-6). We are not certain
this is correct.
108 6 -1700 -1550 A Vatin U YU Danube, see Map 4, p. 59 L
Culture.
131 7 -1700 -1475 A Vatya U C H betw Transdanubia & Tisza R L
Culture. End date compromise between this
record and (384-9).
384 20 -1675 -1550 A Adlerberg U Rhine R, D, see map 14a (14); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
384 47 -1675 -1550 N Castellucio U Sicily, "toe" of I, see map 14a L
(39); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolation between
this record and (383-31). Apparent
expansion over (383-31).
384 4 -1675 -1550 N Late Ezero U E BG, see map 14a (2); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Start date interpolated to fit (383-3).
Middle Bronze Age culture. Apparent slight
displacement away from Black Sea over (383-
3).
384 6 -1675 -1550 N Periam U Area around Muras R junction into L
Tisza R, NE YU, E H, & W ROM, see
map 14a (4); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture synonym given by author: Periamos.
Shift in location over (383-10).
384 49 -1675 -1475 N Polada U N I, see map 14a (41); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Start date interpolated between (383-33)
and this record. End date between this
record and (385-39). Culture synonym:
"Terramare" acc/to authors. Apparent
contraction over (383-33).
384 18 -1675 -1550 N Straubing U Upper Danube R area, Bavaria, D, L
see map 14a (12c); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolated between
this record and (383-17). Apparent
expansion of (383-17).
384 17 -1675 -1550 N Unetice U Elbe, Saale, Odra (Oder), Warta, L
Vltava RR, D, DDR, PL, CS, see map
14a (12b); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Cuture called "Classical Unetice." Start
date interpolated between this record and
(383-15). Location shifted over (383-15).
Believed by ref (19-3) to have been Indo-
Europeans.
384 35 -1675 -1550 N Volosovsk U SE of Lake Ladoga, extending E to L
Vjatka R area, N SU, see map 14a
(27a); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Start date interpolated between
this record and (383-41). Apparent
contraction over (383-41).
384 48 -1650 -1475 A Appenine U I, see map 14a (40); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
900 59 -1650 -700 A Armorican U NW F, see map 14a (44); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Acc/to (384-52), (385-43), (386-23), (387-
24).
384 53 -1650 -1550 A Artenacien U Seine R area, F, see map 14a (45); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
900 63 -1650 -700 A AsbestosCeramic U SC SF, see map 14a (37); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Acc/to (384-44), (385-34), (386-41), (387-
47). Full name: Asbestos Ceramic.
384 29 -1650 -1550 N Bagatovalikov U Dnepr R area S of Kiev, SU, see L
map 14a (21); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Full name: Bagatovalikov Ceramic.
384 24 -1650 -1475 N Baltic Bronze U E PL, Latvia, Lithuania, see map L
14a (19); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
384 16 -1650 -1550 N Boeheimkirchen U NE A, see map 14a (12a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. "Height of Central European
Bronze Age."
384 57 -1650 -1500 N Early BronzeAge U CH, see map 14a (13); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Full name: Early Bronze Age.
384 23 -1650 -1475 N Early N.Bronze U Denmark, see map 14a (18); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Full name: Early Northern Bronze
Age. End date extended to conform to (170-
5).
311 24 -1650 # A Hittites A Syria, N of Aleppo & W of E
Euphrates R.
From Halys R area, around Ankara, TR +
Khattusha in Khatti, AM (approx. from
Kizil Irmak R (R Halys) & the plain of
Konya in W to mts in Malatya region in E).
*{900-214}*
900 215 -1650 -1470 A Hittites A {Halys R area, around Ankara, TR + L
Khattusha in Khatti, AM (approx.
from Kizil Irmak R (R Halys) & the
plain of Konya in W to mts in
Malatya region in E).} + {Syria, N
of Aleppo & W of Euphrates R.}
*{900-214} + {311-24}*
384 14 -1650 -1550 N Hungarian-Slova U Middle Danube and Vah RR, H & CS, L
see map 14a (12a); "Archeologicky
Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Full name: Hungarian-Slovakian Culture,
incl. Hurbanovo Type. "Height of Central
European Bronze Age."
13 19 -1650 -1200 A Komarov U Upper Dnestr R & in Ukrainian L
forest steppe on right bank of
Dnepr R (see Fig. 3, p. 35)
Culture. Start date acc/to (384-26); end
date for consistency with (386-31).
Derived from Corded Pottery Ceramic; gave
rise to Belogrudov culture.
384 45 -1650 -1550 N Late Battle Axe U S S & N, see map 14a (38); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Full culture name: Late Boat-Shaped Battle
Axe. Apparent contraction over (383-28).
384 2 -1650 -1550 N Late Minoan U Crete, see map 14a (1a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
384 30 -1650 -1475 N Log Hut U Area betw Ural & Dnepr RR incl L
Crimea, S SU, see map 14a (22);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
End date interpolated with (385-20).
Synonymous with "Srubova" culture.
384 5 -1650 -1300 N M.BronzeAgeComp U Middle Danube R basin, NE YU, SW L
ROM, NW BG, see map 14a (3);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
End date acc/to (385-5). Culture includes
Slatina Group, Verbicioara Culture,
Vattina-Vrsac-Girla Mare Culture. Also
Paracin Culture & Dubovac Zuto-Brdo group
later on. Full name: Middle Bronze Age
Complex.
39 4 -1650 # A Mysians P SE Balkans E
From NW Balkans (Danube R area).
900 254 -1650 -1 A Mysians P {SE Balkans} + {NW margins BG, NE L
Serbia} *{39-4} + {119-2}*
Acc/to ref 165. Probably Romanized.
384 39 -1650 -1550 N N. Belorussian U N Belorussia, SU, see map 14a L
(32); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
384 40 -1650 -1300 N Porista Ceramic U Estonia, N Latvia, see map 14a L
(33); "Archeologicky Atlas Evropy
A Ceskoslovenska."
End date acc/to (385-22). Culture.
384 34 -1650 -1250 N Pre-Kazan U Near Kazan area, Volga R, see map L
14a (27); "Archeologicky Atlas
Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (385-28).
384 50 -1650 -1250 N Rhone U Rhone R area, F, see map 14a (42); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (385-41).
384 28 -1650 -1300 N Sosnick U Between Beresina & Desna RR N of L
Kiev, SU, see map 14a (20d);
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
This culture is part of "Trzciniec Culture
Complex." End date acc/to (385-19).
169 42 -1650 -800 A Srub U S Russia (See Maps 14a-16a, CS L
atlas)
End date extended beyond maps to conform
to (169-45). Tribes forming the Srub
culture.
39 2 -1650 # A Thracians P SE Balkans (mostly BG) M
From E Balkans, Carpathians (mostly ROM
and Moldavian SSR, acc/to (387-8).) *{900-
253}* Now called Thracians after they
leave (900-253).
900 289 -1650 -800 A Thracians P {SE Balkans (mostly BG)} *{39-2}* L
Acc/to (39-2).
13 5 -1650 -1200 A Trzciniec U E of Oder R between right L
tributaries of Oder R & middle
course of Dnepr R (see Fig. 3, p.
35)
Culture. Start date acc/to (384-25).
Derived from Corded Pottery Ceramics. Gave
rise to Belogrudov culture.
384 15 -1650 -1550 N Veterovo-Moravi U C & S CS & N A, see map 14a (12a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. Full name: Veterovo-Moravian.
384 54 -1650 -1300 N Wessex U S coast England, see map 14a (46); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture. End date acc/to (385-47).
384 46 -1650 -1550 N Wickelschnurker U NL & N D, see map 14a (38a); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Ref calls this a group, not a culture.
Full name is "Wickelschnurkeramik."
384 11 -1650 -1550 N Wieselburg-Gata U NW H, see map 14a (9); L
"Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
Ceskoslovenska."
Culture.
129 2 -1600 -800 A Andronovo U Altai & Minussinsk areas & L
Kazakhstan (in Asian SU).
900 207 -1600 # A Luvians A SW Khatti E
Acc/to (139-2). From Balikesir Plain, AM,
(See map 1.), SW AM, Konya Plain, Cilicia,
Eskisehir-Ankara area. + AM (that part
called Cappadocia in Hellenistic times).
*{900-209}*
900 229 -1600 -1300 A Luvians A {Balikesir Plain, AM, See map 1 SW L
AM, Konya Plain, Cilicia,
Eskisehir-Ankara area. + AM (that
part called Cappadocia in
Hellenistic times).} + {SW
Khatti.} *{900-209} + {900-207}*
900 174 -1600 -1050 N Macedonians H N Pieria area L
Acc/to (47-87), (165-51), (47-88).
26 9 -1600 -1400 A Matera U Apulia, NE Sicily L
Culture. First area in S I to show Indo-
European influences.
900 144 -1600 -1300 N Minoan U Crete L
(To connect (21-1) and (385-2).) Culture.
311 25 -1595 # A Hittites A Babylon A
From Halys R area, around Ankara, TR +
Khattusha in Khatti, AM (approx. from
Kizil Irmak R (R Halys) & the plain of
Konya in W to mts in Malatya region in E).
*{900-214}*
900 137 -1580 # A Achaeans H Greek mainland M
To replace (21-4) with more conservative
data. From NE.
900 140 -1580 -700 N Achaeans H Arcadia (in Peloponnese) L
Implied by (900-137); also (22-15), (160-
13). Also called Arcadians. Only remaining
Achaeans (original Greeks) in face of
Doric Invasion. Did not leave at 700 BC
but became part of general Greek
population.
900 184 -1580 -1100 N Achaeans H Peloponnese less Arcadia L
Replaced by Dorians and NW. Greeks (see
(22-15)).
220 1 -1570 # A Hurrians O Hittite kingdom probably nr modern A
Gueruen W of Malatya (AM).
From E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran +
NW Syria + AM (that part called Cappadocia
in Hellenistic times). *{218-4}*
21 2 -1550 # A Achaeans H Crete A
From Greek mainland.
900 138 -1550 # A Aeolians H Corinthia + Thessaly, Phocis, M
Locris & Boeotia.
From north (possibly C & S Albania, see
(47-19).) *(Place description constructed
by adding * *(160-10) + (47-27).)*
900 139 -1550 -1200 A Aeolians H {Corinthia + Thessaly, Phocis, L
Locris & Boeotia.} *{900-138}*
Implied by (900-138). Termination date
acc/to (47-27) which says they left from
Thessaly, etc.
900 98 -1550 -1100 A Fatjanovo B {C Russia (maps 12a(x) & 14a(26), L
CS Atlas).} *{172-37}*
Implied by (38-9), (38-10).
219 5 -1550 # A Hurrians O S part (Cilicia) of AM E
Area previously inhabited by Luvians. From
E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran + NW
Syria + AM (that part called Cappadocia in
Hellenistic times). *{218-4}* 'Came from
their kingdom beyond eastern mts.'
220 3 -1550 -1380 N Hurrians O {E TR,N Syria and possibly NW Iran L
+ NW Syria + AM (that part called
Cappadociain Hellenistic times)} +
{S part (Cilicia) of AM} *{218-4}
+ {219-5}*
(Syn. Mitanni.)
222 5 -1550 -1050 A Late Cypriot U Cyprus L
Culture in Late Bronze Period.
900 136 -1550 -1100 A Mycenaeans H Mainland GR with center around L
Mycenae.
Compromise start date between (384-1) and
(153-21) to conform to Ploetz date of 1580
BC arrival of Achaeans of whom the
Mycenaeans formed a subgroup. Conquered
and dispersed by 1100 BC acc/to (160-6).
38 10 -1500 -1250 A Fatjanovo B Along Belaja R as far as S Ural E
Mts.
From C Russia (maps 12a(x) & 14a(26), CS
Atlas). *{172-37}*
900 99 -1500 -1100 A Fatjanovo B {Along Belaja R as far as S Ural L
Mts.} *{38-10}*
Implied by (38-9).
900 300 -1500 -1200 A Liburni Y Istria, YU, S and E of Rasa R L
Acc/to (123-13) and (158-6). Rasa R
boundary implied by (165-49).
305 2 -1500 -1200 A Megalith U Betw Seine, Loire, Rhone RR, F and L
Sava, Duna (Danube) and Odra
(Oder) RR, D, DDR, A, CS, PL, H,
YU.
Culture.
119 3 -1500 # A Mysians P Anatolia (to NW of peninsula, see S
Mysia, p.16, Putzger/Lendl/Wagner
Atlas.)
From SE Balkans. *{39-4}*
29 2 -1500 -500 A Non-Germanics U N SCA, most of SF, E Baltic L
Non (Pre) Germanic Scandinavian pops.
"Stone age cultures."
900 460 -1500 -1200 A Nordic Culture G Lower Weser R in W to lower Oder R E
in E, in S up to a line from
Bremen to S Mecklenburg boundary.
+ S & C S, SW & W SF
Combination of (29-1) & (29-3). From area
N from Elbe R area around Luebeck &
Hamburg, D & into DK. *{360-1}*
900 461 -1500 -800 A Nordic Culture G {N from Elbe R area around Luebeck L
& Hamburg, D & into DK.} +
{Lower Weser R in W to lower Oder For consistency with (900-460) & (29-4).
R in E, in S up to a line from
Bremen to S Mecklenburg boundary.
+ S & C S, SW & W SF} *{360-1} +
{900-460}*
168 16 -1500 -500 A Nuraghe U Sardinia (also Corsica acc/to (385- L
40) etc)
Culture. The Corsican component is
sometimes called Torreen (225-10).
900 211 -1500 -1400 A Palaeans A {Pala region of AM (classical I
Paphlagonia, modern Kastamonu).}
*{219-6}*
Acc/ to (139-3). By Hittites.
900 305 -1500 50 A Pannonians Y S of Drava to Sava R & Danube L
Acc/to (123-11), (158-7), (132-1) [listed
as W H, but mapped as described under
location], (109-1), (110-1). Pannonian
tribes are Andizitei, Ditiones, Pirustae,
Maezaei, & Daesitiates acc/to Strabo.
900 255 -1500 -1080 A Phrygians P Macedonia, Thrace L
Acc/to (119-4) and (159-3).
13 4 -1500 -1200 A Pre-Lausitz U Area from slightly W of Oder R to L
Warta R (see Abb. 3)
Culture. Start date acc/to (305-3).
The Ethnohistory Project /
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