Bangladesh
BANGLADESH
A. General Info:
| Official Name | People’s Republic of Bangladesh |
| Capital | Dhaka |
| Main Cities | Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajashahi, Sylhet, Barisal, Rangpur |
| Languages | Bangla |
| Government | Parliamentary Republic |
| Independence | 26th March 1971 (from Pakistan) |
| Area | 144 thousand sq km |
| Population | 164.4 million (July 2011 est.) |
| Currency | Taka (BDT) |
| Fiscal year | July 1st - June 30th |
| Climate | Tropical monsoon; mild winter (October to February); hot, humit summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October) |
| Time Zone | GMT +6 |
| Measures | Metric system |
| Main Airports | Hazrat Shahjalal In’t Airport (Dhaka), Shah Amanat Intl Airport (Chittagong), Osmani Intl Airport (Sylhet) |
| Main Harbors | Chittagong Port, Mongla Port |
Source: National sources, 2011
B. Economic Indicators
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
||
| GDP | |||||||
| Nominal GDP (US$bn) |
60.3 |
61.9 |
68.5 |
79.6 |
89.5 |
99.7 |
|
| Real GDP Growth (%) |
6.0 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.2 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
|
| Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
| Private Consumption |
3.9 |
4.3 |
5.9 |
5.5 |
6.0 |
5.7 |
|
| Government Consumption |
7.8 |
6.0 |
6.4 |
3.6 |
4.0 |
8.0 |
|
| Gross fixed Investment |
10.7 |
8.3 |
8.5 |
1.8 |
5.7 |
6.0 |
|
| Export of goods & services |
15.6 |
25.8 |
13.0 |
7.0 |
12.2 |
5.6 |
|
| Import of goods & services |
19.1 |
18.2 |
16.0 |
-2.1 |
15.2 |
5.4 |
|
| Origin of GDP (%real change) | |||||||
| Agriculture |
2.2 |
4.9 |
4.6 |
3.2 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
|
| Industry |
8.3 |
9.7 |
8.4 |
6.8 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
|
| Services |
6.4 |
5.7 |
6.1 |
7.1 |
6.3 |
6.2 |
|
| GDP per capita (US$ at PPP) |
1,069 |
1,154 |
1,251 |
1,338 |
1,410 |
1,487 |
|
| Recorded unemployment (av; %) |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
|
| Fiscal Indicator (% of GDP) | |||||||
| Public-sector expenditure |
14.5 |
14.7 |
13.6 |
17.1 |
15.3 |
16.0 |
|
| Public-sector balance |
-4.0 |
-3.9 |
-3.1 |
-6.1 |
-4.0 |
-5.5 |
|
| Net public debt |
41.9 |
42.5 |
40.6 |
39.4 |
38.8 |
38.3 |
|
| Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
| Exchange Rates Tk:US$ (end-period) |
66.21 |
69.07 |
68.58 |
68.92 |
69.27 |
69.4 |
|
| Consumer Prices (av.; % change) |
7.0 |
6.8 |
9.1 |
8.9 |
5.4 |
7.8 |
|
| Consumer Prices (end-period; % change) |
7.1 |
6.1 |
11.6 |
6.0 |
8.5 |
6.5 |
|
| Stock of money M1 (% change) |
18.3 |
32.5 |
15.7 |
10.5 |
16.5 |
15.1 |
|
| Stock of money M2 (% change) |
17.2 |
22.3 |
14.5 |
17.9 |
20.7 |
18.1 |
|
| Lending interest rate (av.; %) |
14.0 |
15.3 |
16.0 |
16.4 |
14.6 |
15.0 |
|
| Current Account (US$m) | |||||||
| Trade Balance |
-3,199 |
-2,890 |
-4,195 |
-6,065 |
-4,312 |
-11,077 |
|
| Goods: exports fob |
9,303 |
11,554 |
12,474 |
15,442 |
15,905 |
14,194 |
|
| Goods: imports cif |
-12,502 |
-14,443 |
-16,669 |
-21,507 |
-20,217 |
-26,071 |
|
| Services Balance |
-958 |
-1,007 |
-1,268 |
-1,906 |
-2,156 |
-2,371 |
|
| Income Balance |
-794 |
-841 |
-968 |
-771 |
-1,077 |
-1,255 |
|
| Current-transfer balance |
4,774 |
5,933 |
7,288 |
9,775 |
10,352 |
10,600 |
|
| Current-account balance |
-176 |
1,196 |
857 |
1,032 |
2,808 |
1,852 |
|
| External Debt (US$m) | |||||||
| Debt stock |
18,919 |
20,491 |
22,033 |
22,825 |
22,954 |
23,049 |
|
| Debt service paid |
805 |
707 |
814 |
1,119 |
1,105 |
1,262 |
|
| Principal repayments |
569 |
474 |
570 |
843 |
857 |
980 |
|
| Interest |
235 |
232 |
244 |
284 |
272 |
282 |
|
| International Reserves (US$m) | |||||||
| Total international reserves |
2,825 |
3,877 |
5,278 |
5,789 |
10,319 |
11,753 |
|
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics 2011
C. Trade
C.1. Bangladesh’s Trade with the World
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| Export (fob) |
8,494.4 |
11,657 |
12,732 |
13,628 |
14,378 |
14,194 |
| Import (cif) |
13,851 |
16,096 |
18,476 |
23,821 |
21,803 |
26,071 |
| Trade Volume |
22,345.4 |
27,753 |
31,208 |
37,449 |
36,181 |
40,265 |
| Trade Balance |
-4,851 |
-4,439 |
-5,744 |
-10,193 |
-7,425 |
-11,077 |
| World Trade (US$ Bn) |
21,058 |
24,294 |
27,845 |
32,215 |
24,948 |
28,143 |
| Share |
0.10% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.14% |
0.14% |
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics 2011
C.2. Bangladesh’s trade with D-8 Countries
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| Export (fob) |
223.45 |
305.59 |
358.75 |
457.13 |
506.79 |
802 |
| Import (cif) |
832.23 |
995.84 |
1,035.68 |
1,543.19 |
2,029.18 |
2,759 |
| Trade Volume |
1,055.68 |
1,301.43 |
1,394.43 |
2,000.32 |
2,535.97 |
3,561 |
| Trade Balance |
-608.78 |
-690.25 |
-676.93 |
-1,085.06 |
-1,522.39 |
-1,957 |
| D-8 Intra Trade (US$ Mn) |
41,537.19 |
49,806.52 |
66,828.03 |
78,382.2 |
66,947.63 |
101,139 |
| Share |
2,54% |
2.61% |
2.08% |
2,55% |
3.78% |
3.52% |
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics 2011
C.3. Bangladesh’s Trade by 10 Main Commodities
C.3.1 Export by 10 Principal Commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity
|
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| 1. | Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet |
4,072.1 |
4,734.7 |
7,476.9 |
7,789.7 |
8897.8 |
| 2. | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet |
4,179.9 |
4,588.5 |
6,032.7 |
6,397.8 |
7038.1 |
| 3. | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc |
330.5 |
402.2 |
647.4 |
690.9 |
690.2 |
| 4. | Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes |
538.1 |
694.6 |
567.2 |
483.1 |
517.1 |
| 5. | Vegetable textile fibres nes, paper yarn, woven fabric |
379.1 |
475.1 |
434.5 |
396.5 |
507.4 |
| 6. | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof |
104.7 |
137.5 |
194.5 |
227.2 |
265.7 |
| 7. | Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather |
248.2 |
290.9 |
253.1 |
171.3 |
149.7 |
| 8. | Headgear and parts thereof |
62.3 |
67.4 |
121.7 |
98.4 |
118.1 |
| 9. | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc |
89.1 |
213.3 |
160.5 |
152.6 |
110.9 |
| 10. | Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes |
18420 |
23696 |
30873 |
49746 |
71786 |
Source: WTO, International Trade Centre 2011
C.3.2 Import by 10 Principal commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity
|
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| 1. | Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers, etc |
1,966.1 |
1,886 |
2,094.4 |
1,833.6 |
2,694.7 |
| 2. | Cotton |
1,218 |
1,595.9 |
2,428.3 |
1,940.8 |
2,234.1 |
| 3. | Electrical, electronic equipment |
1,400 |
1,618.4 |
1,535.5 |
1169.8 |
1,799.1 |
| 4. | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc |
2,000.4 |
1,842.3 |
975.3 |
1,467.5 |
1,681.2 |
| 5. | Iron and steel |
647.4 |
771.2 |
814.8 |
954.1 |
1,099.1 |
| 6. | Cereals |
647.3 |
1,015.8 |
870.2 |
762.8 |
896.2 |
| 7. | Animal, vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc |
956.5 |
1,553.9 |
1,020.1 |
931.6 |
881.2 |
| 8. | Manmade staple fibers |
947.4 |
417.6 |
650.5 |
632.4 |
810.4 |
| 9. | Plastics and articles thereof |
541.4 |
686.1 |
696.2 |
659.7 |
747.7 |
| 10. | Fertilizers |
275.01 |
363.5 |
705.8 |
503.9 |
724.4 |
Source: WTO, International Trade Centre 2011
C.4 Export and Import by Main Destination Country
Export by Main Destination Country (% of total)
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
|
| US |
28.5 |
26.7 |
25.7 |
25.3 |
25 |
25.4 |
| Germany |
15.7 |
15 |
15.2 |
15.4 |
15 |
15.2 |
| UK |
10.1 |
9 |
9.5 |
10 |
8.7 |
9.1 |
| France |
6.6 |
6.1 |
6.5 |
6.3 |
5.3 |
5.7 |
| Italy |
4 |
4.1 |
4 |
4.2 |
4 |
4.3 |
| Other |
35.1 |
39.1 |
39.1 |
38.8 |
42 |
40.3 |
Source: WTO, International Trade Centre 2011
Import by Main Origin Country (% of total)
|
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| China |
15.9 |
16.4 |
15.6 |
16 |
15.2 |
15.8 |
| India |
10.9 |
12 |
13.2 |
13.5 |
12.6 |
13.1 |
| Kuwait |
6.8 |
9.3 |
7.2 |
8 |
7.4 |
7.7 |
| Indonesia |
3.5 |
4 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
5 |
5.6 |
| Japan |
5.9 |
5.7 |
5.1 |
4.8 |
4.5 |
5 |
| Other |
57 |
52.6 |
53.8 |
52.5 |
55.3 |
52.8 |
Source: WTO, International Trade Centre 2011
D. Foreign Direct Investment (Overview, selected years)
|
US$ Mn |
FDI Flows |
FDI Stocks |
||||||||
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
1995 |
2000 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
| Inward |
845 |
793 |
666 |
1,086 |
716 |
600 |
2,162 |
4,399 |
4,817 |
5,139 |
| Outward |
3 |
4 |
21 |
9 |
15.2 |
48 |
69 |
112 |
81 |
91 |
Source: UNCTAD, 2011
E. Agriculture: Food Commodities
|
US$ Mn |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| Export |
63.46 |
52.4 |
52,6 |
| Import |
2,617.6 |
2,488 |
2,605.4 |
| Trade Volume |
2,681.06 |
2,540.4 |
2,658 |
| Trade Balance |
-2,554.14 |
-2,435.6 |
-2,552.8 |
| Bangladesh’s Total Trade |
28,418 |
36,181 |
40,265 |
| Share to Bangladesh’s Total Trade |
9.43% |
7.02% |
6.6% |
Source: WTO, FAO, 2011
F. Energy
F.1 Oil
|
Petroleum (Thousand Barrels per Day) |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
| Total Oil Production |
6.76 |
6.76 |
6.43 |
6.43 |
6.3 |
| Consumption |
88 |
91 |
95 |
98 |
102 |
| Refinery |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
| Proved reserved (billion barrels) |
0.028 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
Source: BP statistics, 2011
F.2 Natural Gas
| Natural Gas (Billion Cubic Feet/day) | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
2010 |
| Total Production |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
| Consumption |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
| Proved reserved (trillion cubic meters, TCM) |
0.38 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
Source: BP statistics, 2011
F.3 Others Energy
|
Energy |
Year |
|||
|
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
||
| Biofuels production (thousand barrels daily) |
- |
- |
- |
|
| Electricity Generation (Terawatt-hours) |
35 |
36.9 |
39.1 |
|
| Renewable Energy (Installed Capacity) | Geothermal (mega-watts) |
- |
- |
- |
| Solar (mega-watts) |
- |
- |
- |
|
| Wind (mega-watts) |
- |
- |
- |
|
Source: BP statistics, 2011
