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. 2015 Jul 15:15:71.
doi: 10.1186/s12935-015-0221-1. eCollection 2015.

Resistance to cancer chemotherapy: failure in drug response from ADME to P-gp

Khalid O Alfarouk  1 , Christian-Martin Stock  2 , Sophie Taylor  3 , Megan Walsh  3 , Abdel Khalig Muddathir  4 , Daniel Verduzco  5 , Adil H H Bashir  1 , Osama Y Mohammed  6 , Gamal O Elhassan  7 , Salvador Harguindey  8 , Stephan J Reshkin  9 , Muntaser E Ibrahim  1 , Cyril Rauch  3
Affiliations

Resistance to cancer chemotherapy: failure in drug response from ADME to P-gp

Khalid O Alfarouk et al. Cancer Cell Int. .

Abstract

Cancer chemotherapy resistance (MDR) is the innate and/or acquired ability of cancer cells to evade the effects of chemotherapeutics and is one of the most pressing major dilemmas in cancer therapy. Chemotherapy resistance can arise due to several host or tumor-related factors. However, most current research is focused on tumor-specific factors and specifically genes that handle expression of pumps that efflux accumulated drugs inside malignantly transformed types of cells. In this work, we suggest a wider and alternative perspective that sets the stage for a future platform in modifying drug resistance with respect to the treatment of cancer.

Keywords: ADME; Drug; MDR; Pharmacokinetics; Resistance; pH.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diagrammatic representation describes that cancer chemotherapy resistance is a multi-factorial phenomenon that could be organized as multilevel structure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A drug is active while in unbound form. Therefore, the ability of ‎the drug to bind plasma proteins and tissue reduces its activity [221], ‎The drug’s activity is modulated by ifferences in the amount of plasma ‎proteins [–224]. ‎
Figure 3
Figure 3
A hypothetical model describes the sphenoid tumor as mutli-‎habitat or multilayer shows that decrease of oxygen diffusion with drug gradients as a function of distance from the blood vessel.‎
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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