būti
Appearance
See also: buti
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei; present tense forms are from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”); suppletive stem forms derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become”). Compare identical situation in Old Church Slavonic бꙑти (byti). Cognate to Latvian būt.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]bū́ti (third-person present tense yrà, third-person past tense bùvo)
Usage notes
[edit]The copular verb bū́ti may be omitted in the present tense. For example, the yrà is optional in the sentence:
When omitting the present-tense copula, it is possible to add emphasis through a change in intonation, the addition of the pronoun tai̇̃ (“that; [now that's]”), or the writing of a dash symbol (–).
Conjugation
[edit]singular vienaskaita | plural daugiskaita | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
indicative | present | esù | esi̇̀ | yrà | ẽsame | ẽsate | yrà | |
past | buvaũ | buvai̇̃ | bùvo | bùvome | bùvote | bùvo | ||
past frequentative | bū́davau | bū́davai | bū́davo | bū́davome | bū́davote | bū́davo | ||
future | bū́siu | bū́si | bùs | bū́sime | bū́site | bùs | ||
subjunctive | bū́čiau | bū́tum | bū́tų | bū́tumėme | bū́tumėte | bū́tų | ||
imperative | — | bū́k | tebū́na | bū́kime | bū́kite | tebū́na |
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Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “būti”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
- Vytautas Ambrazas (2006) “4. Syntax § 1.19 The copula”, in Lithuanian Grammar, 2nd revised edition, pages 469–470
Etymology 2
[edit]Participle
[edit]būti