Definition
Associative and symbolic meanings of culturally the most significant color categories.
Notions on Color in Early China
In Western thought color has been associated with light (at least since the time of Aristotle), whereas in ancient China color was linked to the dichotomy colored/uncolored – either by nature, or artificially – and unrelated to the presence or absence of light. Colors were considered the property of the object itself and were therefore “perceived not as abstract concepts but as concrete substances, endowed with rich meanings” [1]. For instance, color correspondences applied to sacrificial animals during the Late Shāng 尚 (ca. 1250–1046 BCE) period required that white, red, and multicolored animals were sacrificed in the ancestral cult; black sheep were used in the rain-making ritual; yellow animals were particularly addressed to the cosmic spirits of the earth and the...
References
Lai, G.: Colors and color symbolism in early Chinese ritual art: red and black and the formation of the five colors system. In: Dusenbury, M.M. (ed.) Color in Ancient and Medieval East Asia, pp. 25–43. Spencer Museum of Art, University of Kansas (2015)
Wang, T.: Color terms in Shang oracle bone inscriptions. BSOAS. 59(1), 63–101 (1996)
Eberhard, W.: A Dictionary of Chinese Symbols: Hidden Symbols in Chinese Life and Thought. Trans. G.L. Campbell. SMC Publishing Inc., Taipei (1994)
McNair, A.: On the meaning of the “blue-and-green manner” in Chinese landscape painting. In: Weidner, M. (ed.) Perspectives on the Heritage of the Brush, pp. 65–77. Spencer Museum of Art, Lawrence (1997)
Blänsdorf, C., Horn, F.: Encounter in Colour: Polychromy of the Qin Terracotta Army. Museum für Abgüsse Klassischer Bildwerke, München (2009)
Vainker, S.: Chinese Silk: A Cultural History. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick (2004)
Biggam, C.P.: The Semantics of Colour: A Historical Approach. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2012)
Bogushevskaya, V.: Ancient Chinese ‘five colours’ theory: what does its semantic analysis reveal? In: Goldman, R.B. (ed.) Essays in Global Color History: Interpreting the Ancient Spectrum, pp. 225–244. Gorgias Press, Piscataway (2016)
Baxter, W.H.I.I.I.: A look at the history of Chinese color terminology. J. Chin. Lang. Teach. Assoc. XIX(2), 1–26 (1983)
Chêng, T.: The t’u-lu colour-container of the Shang-Chou period. BMFEA. 37, 239–250 (1965)
Wenren, J.: Ancient Chinese Encyclopaedia of Technology: Translation and Annotation of the Kaogongji (the Artificers’ Record). Routledge, New York (2013)
Han, J.: The historical and chemical investigation of dyes in high status Chinese costume and textiles of the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368–1911). PhD thesis, University of Glasgow (2016)
Dusenbury, M.M.: Introduction. In: Dusenbury, M.M. (ed.) Color in Ancient and Medieval East Asia, pp. 11–15. Spencer Museum of Art, University of Kansas (2015)
Xu, W.: A Study of Chinese Color Terminology. Lincom, Muenchen (2007)
Thieme, C.: Paint layers and pigments on the Terracotta Army: a comparison with other cultures of antiquity. In: Wu, Y., Zhang, T., Petzet, M., Emmerling, E., Blänsdorf, C. (eds.) The Polychromy of Antique Sculptures and the Terracotta Army of the First Chinese Emperor, pp. 52–58. ICOMOS, München (2001)
Cammann, S.: Costume in China, 1644 to 1912. Philadelphia Museum Art Bull. 75(326), 3–19 (1979)
Kieschnick, J.: The symbolism of the monk’s robe in China. Asia Major. 12(1), 9–32 (1999)
Liú, Y.: Yŭyánde sècăi měi 語言的色彩美 [The Beauty of Colours in a Language]. Ānhuī jiàoyù, Héféi (1990)
Bogushevskaya, V.: Formal theory-driven, psycholinguistic data and corpus-driven study confirms the absence of a basic colour term for ORANGE in Modern Standard Mandarin and elaborates the syntaxico-semantic ‘distributional potential’ criterion for basicness. L’Analisi Linguistica e Letteraria. 2, 61–72 (2020)
Wú, D.: Sècǎi yǔ zhōngguórén de shēnghuó 色彩與中國人的生活 [Colours in Chinese People’s Life]. Tuánjié, Běijīng (2000)
Bonds, A.B.: Beijing Opera Costumes: The Visual Communication of Character and Culture. University of Hawai‘i Press, Honolulu (2008)
Boguševskaja, V.: Semantika cvetonaimenovanij v kitajskom jazyke (universal’noe i nacional’noe) [The semantics of colour terms in Chinese: universal and areal characteristics]. PhD dissertation, Moscow State University (2008)
Han, J., Quye, A.: Dyes and dyeing in the Ming and Qing dynasties in China: preliminary evidence based on primary sources of documented recipes. Text. Hist. 49(1), 44–70 (2018)
Bogushevskaya, V.: GRUE in Chinese: on the original meaning and evolution of qīng (青). In: Bogushevskaya, V., Colla, E. (eds.) Thinking Colours: Perception, Translation and Representation, pp. 26–44. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne (2015)
Cheng, M., Tang, W.H., Choy, E.: Essential terms of Chinese painting. City University of Hong Kong Press, Hong Kong (2017)
Frazer, J.G.: The Golden Bough: A Study of Magic and Religion. Cosimo Classics, New York (2009)
Fang, K., Repnikova, M.: Demystifying “little pink”: the creation and evolution of a gendered label for nationalistic activists in China. New Media Soc. 20(6), 2162–2185 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817731923
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this entry
Cite this entry
Bogushevskaya, V. (2022). Chinese Color Language. In: Shamey, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_433-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_433-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27851-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27851-8
eBook Packages: Living Reference Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics