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Florida's 13th Congressional District special election, 2014

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The 13th Congressional District of Florida held a special election for the U.S. House in 2014.

The special election was held to fill the vacancy left by the death of Rep. C.W. Bill Young (R).

Young died on October 18, 2013, following complications resulting from a chronic injury.[1] At the time of his death, Young was the longest serving House Republican.[2][3]

Under Florida law, Governor Rick Scott (R) had no authority to appoint a replacement, but called a special election to fill Young's seat.[4][5]

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Florida utilizes a closed primary process, in which the selection of a party's candidates in an election is limited to registered party members.[6][7]

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Candidate Filing Deadline Primary Election General Election
November 19, 2013[8]
January 14, 2014
March 11, 2014

Candidates

General election

Democratic primary

Republican primary

Third party candidates

Did not qualify

Rumored candidates

Withdrew from race

Declined to run

Election results

General election

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Special Election, 2013
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngDavid Jolly 48.5% 88,294
     Democratic Alex Sink 46.6% 84,877
     Libertarian Lucas Overby 4.8% 8,799
Total Votes 181,970
Source: Unoffocial Results via Associated Press

Republican primary

U.S. House, Florida District 13 Republican Primary, 2014
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngDavid Jolly 44.6% 20,337
Kathleen Peters 31% 14,120
Mark Bircher 24.5% 11,158
Total Votes 45,615
Source: Unofficial results via Associated Press[32]

Endorsements

David Jolly

  • Former St. Petersburg Mayor Rick Baker endorsed Jolly on November 10, 2013. In the endorsement he said, “We need a leader who will be a strong voice for our community and a strong leader in Washington to help turn back the tide of irresponsible federal spending and debt. David Jolly knows Pinellas and has worked to support Congressman Young’s many efforts – from industry to tourism to the support of our veterans. David won’t need a guidebook to know where to start and what to do.”[36]
  • Former “Price is Right” game show host Bob Barker endorsed Jolly in a campaign ad on December 11, 2013.[37]
    • “Because with Jolly, the choice is right,” Barker quipped in the ad.[37]
  • Marco Rubio: Robocalls to voters featuring Sen. Marco Rubio began on February 13, 2014, asking them to support David Jolly (R) in the special election.[38] The calls were sponsored by YG Network.[38] Rubio campaigned with Jolly at a senior living center in Seminole on February 10, 2014.[38]
    • "Florida families and seniors can count on David Jolly to help grow our economy and protect vital programs like Social Security and Medicare. By now, you should have received your absentee ballot in the mail. I'm asking you to vote for David Jolly and to return your ballot by mail today."[38]

Other endorsements included:[36][41]

  • Former U.S. Ambassador Mel Sembler
  • Former U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense and U.S. Secretary of the Navy Gordon England,
  • Rep. Richard Nugent
  • State Representative Larry Ahern
  • Former Pinellas County Commissioner and School Board member Nancy Bostock
  • City of Seminole Mayor Leslie Waters
  • Former Pinellas Park Mayor Bill Mischler
  • The National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB)
    • SAFE (Save America'’s Free Enterprise) Trust

Mark Bircher

Kathleen Peters

  • Peters was endorsed by one of Young’s sons, Bill Young II.[42][34][35]

Alex Sink

  • Kathy Castor: On November 27, 2013, Rep. Kathy Castor announced that she would host a fundraiser for Alex Sink (D).[44] The event took place on December 17, 2013. Contributions ranged from $5,000 to be a chair, $1,000 to be a host or $250 for admission.[44]
  • On December 19, 2013, Sink announced an endorsement from Realtors Political Action Committee (RPAC), the political arm of the National Association of Realtors.[45][46] In a statement, Pinellas Realtors Organization chair Brandi Gabbard said Alex Sink’s hard work on housing issues during her business career and her tenure as Florida Chief Financial Officer as the primary reasons for their support.[45]
    • “Alex Sink has been a strong leader for REALTORS® and homeowners, including leading the charge to ensure that affordable, long-term financing is available to prospective homebuyers. She has a proven record of working with Republicans and Democrats to get results for Florida families,” said Gabbard. "In Congress, I have every confidence Alex Sink will continue to stand up for homeowners and REALTORS® and ensure our voices are heard. She will protect the mortgage interest deduction and equally important will work to return fairness to the flood insurance market,” said Gabbard.[45]

Other endorsements and contributions came from:[47][48][49]

Polls

General election

General election match-up
Poll David Jolly (R) Alex Sink (D)Lucas Overby (L)UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
Public Policy Polling
March 7-9, 2014
 45%48%6%2%+/-3.7702
PMI Inc.
February 25-27, 2014
 46%44%0%5%+/-6391
St. Pete Polls
February 25, 2014
 46%46%6%2%+/-2.81,269
Fabizio, Lee and Associates
February 17-18, 2014
 44%42%0%14%+/-4.9400
St. Leo University
February 9-11, 2014
 37%46%12%4%+/-5.0400
Braun Research
February 4-9, 2014
 35%42%4%19%+/-4.0603
DCCC
January 24, 2014
 45%49%0%6%+/-4.3527
McLaughlin & Associates
January 21, 2014
 43%38%4%15%+/-4.9400
St. Pete Polls
January 15, 2014
 47%43%4%6%+/-2.71,278
St. Pete Polls
November 5, 2013
 31%52%0%17%+/-31,079
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

Potential general election

Potential general election match-up
Poll Neil Brickfield (R) Alex Sink (D)UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
St. Pete Polls
November 5, 2013
 30%51%19%+/-31,079
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]
Potential general election match-up
Poll Frank Hibbard (R) Alex Sink (D)UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
St. Pete Polls
November 5, 2013
 31%52%17%+/-31,079
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

Republican primary

Republican primary candidates
Poll Neil Brickfield David JollyFrank HibbardKathleen PetersMark BircherSomeone elseUndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
St. Pete Polls
January 9, 2014
 0%36.5%0%23.9%26.3%0%13.3%+/-3.8653
Human Events and Gravis Marketing
January 8, 2014
 0%34%0%28%25%0%14%+/-3976
St. Pete Polls
November 18, 2013
 0%39.2%0%17.3%0%30.9%12.6%+/-2.81,252
St. Pete Polls
November 5, 2013
 16%19%15%0%0%29%20%+/-4.41,079
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

Democratic primary

Democratic primary candidates
Poll Jessica Ehrlich Alex SinkSomeone elseUndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
St. Pete Polls
November 5, 2013
 11%71%9%9%+/-5.11,079
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

Issues

Climate change

On February 27, 2014, the League of Conservation Voters and the Sierra Club jointly spent $350,000 on an ad attacking Jolly’s stance on climate change.[51]

1989 accident

On February 24, 2014, Jolly acknowledged that as a 16-year-old driver, he struck and killed a pedestrian in a 1989 accident.[52]

Jolly said of the accident: “It took several years for me to get to a place of peace, but not something anybody would ever get over.”[52]

Jolly donations to Democrats

David Jolly (R) reportedly donated nearly $30,000 to the Democratic Party and Democratic candidates since 2006, with the biggest contribution made to former Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr., but other donations to Dick Durbin, Barbara Mikulski and late Sen. Daniel Inouye.[53]

“David has been a strong Republican supporter as the numbers show. David also has personal relationships with Democrats and Independents, and in non-competitive races he has supported them. David has said from day one that this race is about working together with Republicans, Democrats and Independents all for the betterment of Pinellas County,” said Sarah Bascom, a spokeswoman for Jolly.[53]

Media

Alex Sink

Sink's first ad of the campaign, "Working Together."
Sink's ad, "Solutions," criticized Jolly as a lobbyist for special interests.
Sink's February 2014 ad, "Record."
Sink's March 2014 ad, "Every Place I Go."

DCCC

On January 17, 2014, reports circulated that the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) reserved more than $200,000 in air time between January 21-27, 2014, in support of Alex Sink (D).[54]

Only a few days later, on January 21, 2014, the DCCC released an ad targeting David Jolly (R).[55] The ad, with an estimated cost of $200,000, attacked Jolly for his prior experience as a lobbyist, and featured a clip of Jolly saying he was “proud of the work [he’s] done” as a lobbyist.[55]

On March 5, 2014, the group reported that it spent an additional $587,561 on media production and media buys opposing Jolly.[56]

NRCC

The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) made its first independent expenditure in January 2014, with a $100,000 online ad attacking Sink for her use of a taxpayer-funded plane during her time in state government.[54]

Jolly attempted to distance himself from the ad shortly after it was released. He said, "We sent out a mailing and I said to our people I don't want anything about her trip to the Bahamas on my mailing. The RNCC wants to do that, but were not doing that. I understand there is some nuance it - the fact that she took the plane from Miami to Fort Lauderdale and then took her own flight to get to the Bahamas."[57]

DCCC's March 2014 ad, "Profiting At Our Expense."
NRCC's January 2014 ad, "Another Tax and Spender Florida Can't Afford."
NRCC's February 2014 ad, "The Choice."

The NRCC launched another ad, costing an estimated $725,000, for David Jolly on January 22, 2014. The advertising campaign continued through February 2014.[58]

On January 22, 2014, the NRCC released a $230,000 ad buy against Alex Sink, criticizing her "cute ads" featuring her father and accuses Sink of being in favor of raising taxes.[59] The ad, "Another Tax and Spender Florida Can't Afford," came as part of a larger $725,000 ad buy by the NRCC in January 2014.[59]

On February 22, 2014, the group released an ad that aimed to highlight differences between Sink and Jolly. An announced in the ad started with, "David Jolly: Cut spending, stop Obamacare. Alex Sink: More spending, defend Obamacare. She’s fighting for them, not for us.”[60]

U.S. Chamber of Commerce

On January 3, 2014, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce released an ad for David Jolly featuring former Governor of Florida Jeb Bush (R).[61]

In the ad, Bush said, "Dave's the best candidate to go to Congress, fight wasteful spending and help create good jobs.[61]

The group released a second ad in February 2014, "Alex Sink Supports Obamacare." The ad linked Alex Sink to Obamacare and the approximately 300,000 insurance policies that were canceled in the state.[62] FEC reports show the group spent $400,000 for television and online advertisements supporting Jolly between February 4 and March 11, 2014.[62]

The final ad from the group came on February 27, 2014, which portrayed Sink as a “rubber stamp” for House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi.[63][64]

“Defeat Sink, Rubber Stamp for Pelosi,” the ad said, after attacking Sink for supporting President Barack Obama’s Affordable Care Act and its expansion of Medicaid.[63]

U.S. Chamber of Commerce's January 2014 ad featuring Jeb Bush.
U.S. Chamber of Commerce's February 2014 ad, "Alex Sink supports Obamacare."
U.S. Chamber of Commerce's February 2014 ad, "Alex Sink: Medicare Cuts."

AAN

American Action Network (AAN) released an ad against Alex Sink on February 3, 2014.[65]

American Action Network's February 2014 ad, "Alex Sink: Mess."

House Majority PAC

House Majority PAC released an ad on February 10, 2014, criticizing David Jolly for lobbying for a group that has pushed to privatize Social Security.[66]

The ad came after thousands of senior citizens in Pinellas County received robocalls from the Florida Democratic Party in early February 2014. The calls stated:[67]

"Hi this is Greta from the Florida Democratic Party. Washington Lobbyist David Jolly’s radical repeal of the Affordable Care Act would bring back the Medicare Prescription Drug Donut Hole, forcing seniors to pay more for medicine – eliminating 186 million dollars in savings for hundreds of thousands of seniors in Florida alone. That’s why USA Today wrote that Lobbyist Jolly’s “repeal would mean higher costs. But that’s not all: Lobbyist Jolly also supports privatizing Social Security, which could force seniors to gamble with their retirement on the stock market, and Jolly even praised the Ryan Budget that turns Medicare into a costly voucher program. Pinellas seniors just can’t trust Washington Lobbyist David Jolly."

Following the ad, the AARP clarified that it did not have anything to do with commercial, which showed an AARP memo with the organization's logo featured prominently on the page.[68]Florida AARP State Director Jeff Johnson said in a news release:

“We were not aware of, nor does AARP have any involvement with, any political campaign including the recent District 13 ad from the House Majority Pac that mentions AARP. AARP does not endorse candidates, have a political action committee (PAC), or make contributions to political campaigns or candidates. We work with members of all political parties to help improve the lives of Americans and Floridians 50+. We have a proud 28-year history of nonpartisan voter engagement, providing voters with information on where the candidates stand on issues important to our members and their families, so they can make their own decisions on Election Day."[68]

The House Majority PAC released another ad on February 14, 2014, that featured an elderly couple, retirees Elizabeth and Rod Snedeker, criticizing David Jolly on Social Security.[69][70][71]

“David Jolly lobbied for a group that wanted to risk Social Security in the stock market. He still wants it on the table,” Rod Snedeker said in the ad.[69]

Elizabeth Snedeker added, “When the market crashed, we lost 40 percent of our savings. I don’t think it’s right for David Jolly to risk Social Security money in the stock market.”[69]

House Majority PAC's February 2014 ad, "Privatized."
House Majority PAC's February 2014 ad, "We Saw."
American Crossroads's February 2014 ad, "Sunk."

American Crossroads

American Crossroads launched a $357,000 ad buy on February 18, 2014, featuring seniors attacking Democratic nominee Alex Sink on three issues. The ad addresses three of the top issues of the election: issues with Florida's pension fund while she was Florida’s chief financial officer, jobs cut while she was a bank executive and for a taxpayer-funded plane Republicans say she used for inappropriate personal trips.[72]

Primary election

State Senator Kathleen Peters released her first ad of the campaign on December 6, 2013. In the ad, Peters criticized Jolly, saying "the choice is clear: A Washington lobbysit who has put his special interest clients first; or a local community leader who has put Pinellas families first."[73] The ad, costing an estimated $22,000, came just a day after David Jolly released his first ad buy of the campaign, costing just $6,000.[74]

Kathleen Peters' first ad of the campaign, released in December 2013.

Campaign donors

Alex Sink

Alex Sink (2014) Campaign Finance Reports
ReportDate FiledBeginning BalanceTotal Contributions
for Reporting Period		ExpendituresCash on Hand
Pre-Special[75]January 2, 2014$0$0$(88,787)$1,054,488
Year End[76]January 31, 2014$1,054,488$90,754$(2,393)$1,142,848
Running totals
$90,754$(91,180)

David Jolly

Outside groups

  • Three groups— American Crossroads, American Action Network and YG Network — joined forces in January 2013 to launch a $1.2 million ad campaign for Republican nominee David Jolly.[84] American Crossroads and American Action Network contributed $500,000, while YG Network invested $200,000.[84]
    • “This is a toss-up race. It’s a must-win for Democrats and we see an opportunity for Republicans to be victorious,” said Brian Walsh, president of American Action Network.[84]
    • “This has become a far more competitive race than anyone initially expected. The Democrats were hoping to get momentum here, they haven’t, and it’s important that we push back hard," said Steven Law, president of American Crossroads.[84]
    • Chris Bond, a YG Network spokesman, said: “For liberals, this is a must-win race, and it speaks volumes that they’re fighting for their lives right now…We’re going to make sure folks are fully aware of Alex Sink’s liberal agenda.”[84]
  • Prior to the joining of the three groups, Democrats outspent Republicans in the race. As of January 2013, they had reserved more than $3 million in advertising, while Republicans had reserved less than $900,000.[84]
  • In a nine day span in February 2014, outside groups spent $1.1 million on the race, mainly to Jolly's benefit.[85]
  • As of February 2014, a total of seven outside groups have spent more than six figures on television advertising.[86]

Debates

David Jolly (R), Alex Sink (D) and Lucas Overby (L) participated in an hour-long debate at St. Petersburg College on February 3, 2014.[91][92]

The debate, sponsored by AARP, was the first chance for the three candidates to directly address each other.[91]

District history

Candidate ballot access
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2012

See also: Florida's 13th Congressional District elections, 2012

Due to redistricting, Young ran in the 2012 election for the U.S. House to represent Florida's 13th District. Young won the nomination in the Republican primary on August 14, 2012. Jessica Ehrlich ran as a Democrat. He was re-elected on November 6, 2012.[93]

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngC.W. Bill Young Incumbent 57.6% 189,605
     Democratic Jessica Ehrlich 42.4% 139,742
Total Votes 329,347
Source: Florida Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"
U.S. House, Florida District 13 Republican Primary, 2012
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngC.W. Bill Young Incumbent 69.1% 39,381
Darren Ayres 18.5% 10,544
Madeline Vance 12.4% 7,049
Total Votes 56,974

2010

On November 2, 2010, Vern Buchanan won re-election to the United States House. He defeated James T. Golden (D) in the general election.[94]

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Election, 2010
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngVern Buchanan incumbent 68.8% 183,341
     Democratic James T. Golden 31.2% 83,123
Total Votes 266,464

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ CNN.com, "Rep. Bill Young, longest-serving GOP member in House, dies at age 82," accessed October 18, 2013
  2. ↑ Politico, "Bill Young, longest-serving House Republican, dies," accessed October 18, 2013
  3. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "U.S. Rep. C.W. Bill Young's death leaves political void," accessed October 21, 2013
  4. ↑ Reuters.com, "Rep. Bill Young, longest serving Republican in U.S. Congress, dead at 82," accessed October 24, 2013
  5. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "With Rep. C.W. Bill Young's death, Pinellas a bellwether for 2014," accessed October 24, 2013
  6. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed July 23, 2024
  7. ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Closed Primary Election," accessed July 23, 2024
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 TBN Weekly, "Campaigns begin for District 13 House seat," accessed November 11, 2013
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Tampa Bay Times, "Former state Rep. Larry Crow announces for Young seat," accessed October 15, 2013
  10. ↑ Politico, "Alex Sink announces for Bill Young Florida seat," accessed October 30, 2013
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Tampa Bay Times, "David Jolly entering race for Young's seat, draws Beverly Young's endorsement," accessed November 4, 2013
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Tampa Bay Times, "C.W. Bill Young's widow still considering run for his seat," accessed October 30, 2013
  13. ↑ AP Results, "January 14 Election Results," accessed January 14, 2014
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Florida Division of Elections, "Candidate Listing for 2014 Special Election - Congressional 13," accessed November 19, 2013
  15. ↑ Lucas Overby for Congress, "Home," accessed October 21, 2013
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Tampa Bay Times, "Brickfield, Jolly eyeing Bill Young seat," accessed October 15, 2013
  17. ↑ Sunshine State News, "Alex Sink Facing Watered-Down GOP Opposition for Open Congress Seat," accessed November 11, 2013
  18. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Bill Young's bro mulling congressional bid," accessed October 24, 2013
  19. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "In Pinellas, Alex Sink chooses a house and gets a clearer path to Democratic congressional nomination," accessed November 7, 2013
  20. ↑ Tampa Bay, "Attorney Jessica Ehrlich to challenge Rep. C.W. Bill Young again" accessed April 19, 2013
  21. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Pinellas Commissioner Charlie Justice won't seek Bill Young's seat," accessed October 28, 2013
  22. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Alex Sink is running for C.W. Bill Young's congressional seat, will move to Pinellas," accessed October 30, 2013
  23. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Not all Republicans are standing behind David Jolly," accessed November 14, 2013
  24. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Pinellas Commissioner Karen Seel won't run for Congress," accessed November 6, 2013
  25. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, " Rick Baker won't run for Rep. C.W. Bill Young's seat, but David Jolly will," accessed November 5, 2013
  26. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, " Rick Baker won't run for Rep. C.W. Bill Young's seat, but David Jolly will," accessed November 5, 2013
  27. ↑ Saint Peters Blog, "Bill Young, Jr. announces HE WILL NOT seek his father’s congressional seat," accessed November 4, 2013
  28. ↑ Sunshine State News, "Bill Young II Could Follow His Father to Congress," accessed October 23, 2013
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Tampa Bay Tribune, "Young’s House seat drawing interest, including from wife," accessed October 11, 2013
  30. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named norun
  31. ↑ Politico, "GOP ex-mayor won’t run in Florida 13th District," accessed November 4, 2013
  32. ↑ Associated Press, "U.S. House Florida January 14 election," accessed January 14, 2014
  33. ↑ The Hill, "Bill Young's widow says Young asked Jolly to run," accessed November 11, 2013
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 The Hill, "Drama roils race to replace Rep. Bill Young," accessed January 13, 2014
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Politico, "Kathleen Peters splits Bill Young family," accessed January 14, 2014
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Saint Peters Blog, "Rick Baker endorses David Jolly in special election for Congressional District 13," accessed November 12, 2013
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Politico, "Bob Barker endorses Jolly in Fla.," accessed December 13, 2013
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 Tampa Bay Times, "Rubio robo call urges Pinellas voters to support David Jolly," accessed February 17, 2014
  39. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND," accessed February 25, 2014
  40. ↑ Sunshine State News, "Jack Latvala's David Jolly Endorsement Turns Up the Heat in CD 13," accessed March 1, 2014
  41. ↑ Sunshine State News, "Business, Union Groups Rally Behind Pinellas County Special Election Candidates," accessed February 10, 2014
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Human Events, "Florida-13 special GOP primary tight; Jolly holds slight lead in 3-way race to replace Young," accessed January 12, 2014
  43. ↑ Saint Peters Blog, "Final poll of GOP primary in CD 13 shows David Jolly well ahead; Kathleen Peters slips to third," accessed January 12, 2014
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Tampa Bay Tribune, "Castor to raise $$ for Sink," accessed November 27, 2013
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Tampa Bay NewsWire, "Alex Sink announces REALTOR® support for U.S. House election," accessed December 23, 2013
  46. ↑ Open Secrets, "National Assn of Realtors," accessed December 23, 2013
  47. ↑ Politico, "David Jolly wins GOP primary in Florida," accessed January 14, 2014
  48. ↑ Politico, "Fla.’s Alex Sink dominating cash race vs. GOP," accessed January 6, 2014
  49. ↑ Sunshine State News, "Business, Union Groups Rally Behind Pinellas County Special Election Candidates," accessed February 10, 2014
  50. ↑ CNN, "'Bowzer' to campaign for Democrat in Florida," accessed March 9, 2014
  51. ↑ Roll Call, "Sink Tops Jolly in Florida Special-Election Fundraising," accessed March 1, 2014
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Politico, "David Jolly acknowledges fatal 1989 crash," accessed February 25, 2014
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Politico, "GOP candidate’s Democratic giving past," accessed November 18, 2013
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 The Hill, "DCCC preps $200K TV buy in Florida-13 special," accessed January 20, 2014
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 Politico, "Florida House special election 2014: DCCC hits David Jolly over lobby past," accessed January 24, 2014
  56. ↑ [blogs.rollcall.com/moneyline/dccc-spends-570k-more-on-ads-opposing-jolly/ Roll Call, "DCCC Spends $570K More on Ads Opposing Jolly," accessed March 10, 2014]
  57. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "David Jolly distances himself from attack on Alex Sink," accessed February 5, 2014
  58. ↑ Politico, "NRCC to launch major Florida ad campaign," accessed January 22, 2014
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Tampa Bay Times, "New GOP ad bashes Alex Sink as tax-raising, Obamacare lover," accessed January 24, 2014
  60. ↑ Roll Call, "Alex Sink Hit With New Ad From NRCC," accessed February 25, 2014
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Washington Post, "Jeb Bush touts David Jolly in Florida special election ad," accessed February 4, 2014
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Tampa Bay Times, "New U.S. Chamber ad links Sink to Obamacarem" accessed February 10, 2014
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Politico, "Chamber ad slams Sink on Obamacare," accessed March 3, 2014
  64. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "U.S. Chamber's new TV ad hits Sink on Medicare Advantage cuts," accessed March 3, 2014
  65. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Jeb Bush makes TV ad for David Jolly; Outside group attacks Sink," accessed February 5, 2014
  66. ↑ Washington Post, "Dem super PAC launches Social Security ad in Florida special election," accessed February 11, 2014
  67. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Democrats robocalls claim Jolly wants to privatize Social Security," accessed February 11, 2014
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 Tampa Bay Times, "AARP disavows anti-Jolly commercial," accessed February 15, 2014
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 69.2 The Hill, "House Majority PAC features elderly couple in new FL-13 ad," accessed February 15, 2014
  70. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "Super PAC ad uses Largo retirees to blast Jolly over Social Security," accessed February 15, 2014
  71. ↑ The House Majority PAC, "Second House Majority PAC FL-13 Ad Features Largo Retirees on David Jolly & Social Security Privatization," accessed February 17, 2014
  72. ↑ The Hill, "Florida seniors hit Alex Sink in new ad," accessed February 18, 2014
  73. ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "With new ads, Pinellas congressional race heats up," accessed December 9, 2013
  74. ↑ Roll Call, "Second Republican Goes on the Air in Florida Special Election (Updated)," accessed December 9, 2013
  75. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Pre-Special," accessed February 20, 2014
  76. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Year End Report," accessed February 20, 2014
  77. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Pre Special," accessed February 20, 2014
  78. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Year End Report," accessed February 20, 2014
  79. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Pre-Special," accessed September 30, 2014
  80. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Post Special," accessed April 21, 2014
  81. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "David Jolly July Quarterly," accessed September 30, 2014
  82. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "David Jolly Pre-Primary," accessed September 30, 2014
  83. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "David Jolly October Quarterly," accessed October 20, 2014
  84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 84.2 84.3 84.4 84.5 Politico, "GOP groups to drop $1.2M in Florida race," accessed January 31, 2014
  85. ↑ Open Secrets, "Outside Spending Dominates in Florida, to Jolly's Benefit," accessed February 17, 2014
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 86.2 Washington Post, "In Florida special election, $8 million in television ads," accessed February 27, 2014
  87. ↑ Huffington Post, "Outside Groups Dominate Spending In Florida Special Election," accessed March 9, 2014
  88. ↑ National Review, "How Jolly Won," accessed March 12, 2014
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 The Washington Post, "Outside spending tops $4 million in Florida special election," accessed February 19, 2014
  90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 Open Secrets, "Outside Spending," accessed February 19, 2014
  91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 Miami Herald, "Candidates to debate in Fla. special election," accessed February 3, 2014 (dead link)
  92. ↑ Politico, "Alex Sink, David Jolly spar in Florida debate," accessed February 4, 2014
  93. ↑ ABC News, "2012 General Election Results," accessed November 6, 2012
  94. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
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