ME 267

Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals

Lecture 9

Air Standard Cycle

Mathematical Problems

Md. Aminul Islam

Lecturer
Department of Mechanical
Engineering, BUET

ME 267 1
Mean Effective Pressure
 It is a theoretical parameter used to measure the performance of an internal
combustion engine (ICE).
 The mean effective pressure can be regarded as an average pressure in the cylinder
for a complete engine cycle. By definition, mean effective pressure is the ratio
between the work and engine displacement:
MEP = W/Vd [Pa]
W [J] – work performed in a complete engine cycle
Vd [m3] – engine (cylinder) displacement
Wnet = MEP * Piston area * Stroke
= MEP * Displacement Volume
 The MEP can be used as a parameter to compare
the performance of reciprocating engines of equal
 size.
The engine with a larger MEP delivers more net work
per cycle and thus better performance.

ME 267 2
Characteristics Gas Constant

ME 267 3
Problem 1
In an air standard Otto cycle, the compression begins at 35 °C and 0.1 MPa
and the compression ratio is 7. The maximum temperature of the cycle is
1100°C. Find (a) the temperature at various points in the cycle, (b) the heat
supplied per kg of air, (c) work done per kg of air, (d) the cycle efficiency

T1=35°C=308 K
P1=0.1MPa
T3=1100°C=1373K
r=v1/v2=7

ME 267 4
Problem 1
Since process, 1-2 is isentropic, P2=1524 kPa

T2=670.8 K

T4=631 K

Heat rejected, Qout= Cv (T4-T1) = 231.44 kJ/kg

Heat in, Qin= Cv (T3-T2) = 504.8 kJ/kg
The net work output, Wnet = Qin- Qout =272.74 kJ/kg
Thermal efficiency, ηth,otto= Wnet /Qin=0.54=54 %
Otto cycle thermal efficiency, ηth,otto=1-1/rk-1= 0.54 or 54 %

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Problem 2
In a Diesel cycle, Compression begins at 0.1 MPa, 40°C and the compression ratio is
15. The heat added is 1.675 MJ/kg and the compression ratio is 15. Find
(a) the maximum temperature in the cycle,
(b) the cut- off ratio
(c) the temperature at the end of the isentropic expansion
(d) work done per kg of air
(e) the cycle efficiency
(f) the MEP of the cycle.

T1=40 °C=313 K
P1=0.1MPa
Qin=1675 MJ/kg
r=v1/v2=15

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Problem 2
Since process, 1-2 is isentropic, P2=4431 kPa

T2=924.66 K

Qin= Cp (T3-T2) T3 = Tmax = 2591.33 K

𝑣2
=𝑟 𝑐 =2.8
𝑣3

T4=1325.37 K

Heat rejected, Qout= Cv (T4-T1) = 726.88 KJ/kg

The net work output, Wnet = Qin- Qout = 948.12 kJ/kg
Thermal efficiency, ηth= Wnet /Qin=0.566=56.6 %
The mean effective pressure = Wnet / (v1- v2) = 1131. 4 KPa

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Problem 3

ME 267 8
Problem 4

ME 267 9
Acknowledgement

• Slide Courtesy:
• Dr. Aman Uddin, Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, BUET
• Saif Al-Afsan Shamim, Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, BUET

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