ATITHI- RABINDRANATH TAGORE
SUMMARY
The encounter by the riverside market
● Motilal Babu, a zamindar, and his family are returning home by boat.
● Tarapada, a Brahmin boy, approaches them and asks for a ride to Nandigram, to which Motilal
agrees.
● Upon the family's request, Tarapada joins them for a meal where he captivates them with his
grace and skills.
Tarapada's enigmatic presence
● Tarapada gets invited into the cabin, where he meets Motilal's wife Annapurna and their
daughter Charushashi.
● Annapurna is drawn to Tarapada and wonders about his whereabouts.
Unravelling Tarapada's past
● After their meal, Annapurna asks Tarapada about his life.
● Tarapada reveals to her that he left his home at a young age even though he was doted upon
by his family and neighbours.
● He mentions that the reason behind him leaving the village was his wanderlust. The desire to
explore the world led him to join various performing troupes.
Tarapada's connection with the family
● Tarapada's innocence and detachment from societal norms continue to deeply intrigue Motilal
and his family as they travel back home.
● Tarapada actively joins in on all the family chores which makes Annapurna pine for him.
● Annapurna offers him motherly affection, which leads to Charushashi being jealous and bitter
towards Tarapada.
Charushashi's growing jealousy
● Charushashi becomes increasingly jealous of Tarapada's presence and the attention he
receives. studies, breaks his flute, and locks him in his room.
● She attempts to disrupt his Tarapada remains forgiving and calm, despite Charushashi's
actions.
Motilal Babu's marriage proposal
● Motilal Babu considers Tarapada as a potential match for Charushashi's marriage. He sends a
marriage proposal to Tarapada's family, who happily accepts it.
● Tarapada remains unaware of the proposal and the family's plans for their union.
Tarapada's disappearance
● Tarapada's mother and brothers arrive for the wedding preparations, but Tarapada is missing.
● Motilal Babu reveals his intention to marry Charushashi to Tarapada, surprising his family.
● It is revealed that Tarapada, before the bonds of love, affection and domestic life could
completely encircle him, has run away once again.
The transient nature of connections
● Tarapada's departure leaves the family saddened and longing for his presence.
● The story ends with Tarapada returning to his wandering lifestyle, leaving behind the bonds he
formed.
● The story shows how quickly human relationships can change and how complex love and
jealousy can be.
THE PLOT
The plot of 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore revolves around the encounter between
Motilal Babu, a zamindar, and Tarapada, a runaway Brahmin boy. The story unfolds as Motilal
Babu and his family are returning home by boat and come across Tarapada near a riverside
market. Motilal Babu agrees to give Tarapada a ride to Nandigram, and they invite him to join
them for a meal.
Tarapada, with his fair complexion and captivating presence, intrigues Motilal Babu's wife,
Annapurna, and their daughter, Charushashi. They are curious about Tarapada's background
and attempt to learn more about him. Tarapada reveals that he ran away from home and that his
mother is alive but has several other children.
As Tarapada spends time with the family, he showcases his skills in cooking, singing, and
storytelling.
Despite his free-spirited nature and detachment from conventional ties, Tarapada forms a
connection with the family and becomes an integral part of their daily lives during the boat
journey.
However, Charushashi develops a strong jealousy towards Tarapada, feeling threatened by his
presence and the attention he receives from her parents. She tries to disrupt his studies, breaks
his flute, and locks him in his room. Tarapada remains calm and forgiving throughout her
disruptive actions.
Meanwhile, Motilal Babu contemplates the idea of arranging Charushashi's marriage and
considers Tarapada as a potential match. He sends a marriage proposal to Tarapada's family,
who accepts it gladly.
However, Tarapada is unaware of these developments. As the story progresses, Tarapada's
interests shift towards learning English and expanding his knowledge. He becomes absorbed in
his studies, while Charushashi's feelings of jealousy intensify.
The story reaches its climax when Tarapada's mother and brothers arrive at Kathaliya for the
wedding preparations. Tarapada's absence is noticed, and his mother and brothers inquire about
him.
In the end, it is revealed that Tarapada, before the bonds of love, affection and domestic life
could completely encircle him, has run away once again. He returns to his wandering lifestyle,
leaving behind the bonds he formed with Motilal Babu's family and the possibility of marrying
Charushashi.
The plot of 'Atithi / Guest' explores themes of hospitality, love, jealousy, and the transient nature
of human connections. It portrays the clash between tradition and modernity, and the
complexities of human emotions and relationships. The story reflects Tagore's ability to capture
the nuances of human experiences and the impact of unexpected guests on the dynamics of a
family.
THEMES
Wanderlust and freedom: Tarapada's character embodies the theme of wanderlust and the
longing for freedom. Despite his loving family and comfortable home, Tarapada feels drawn to
the outside world and yearns for exploration. His desire to break free from societal expectations
and experience the unknown reflects the human longing for personal freedom and the allure of a
nomadic lifestyle.
Jealousy and envy: The theme of jealousy is prominent in the story, particularly through the
character of Charushashi. As Tarapada becomes the centre of attention and gains affection from
the family, Charushashi's jealousy intensifies. Her envy drives her to disrupt Tarapada's studies,
break his flute, and even attempt to sabotage his potential marriage. This theme highlights the
destructive nature of jealousy and its ability to poison relationships.
The transience of connections: The story shows how human relationships can be short-lived.
Tarapada quickly enters and exits the family's life, leaving them feeling a loss. It reminds us that
even deep bonds can be temporary.
Social expectations and conformity: The story touches upon societal expectations and the
pressure to conform to traditional norms. Motilal Babu's consideration of Tarapada as a
potential match for his daughter reflects the influence of social customs and the desire to fulfil
societal obligations. Tarapada's subsequent disappearance can be seen as his rejection of
societal expectations, choosing instead to forge his own path.
Innocence and purity: Tarapada's innocence and purity are recurring themes in the story.
Despite his exposure to the harsh realities of the world, he remains untainted by its negative
aspects. His character represents an idealised innocence, protected from societal norms and
prejudices. Tarapada's pure spirit stands in contrast to the complexities of human nature and
serves as a source of fascination and admiration for those around him.
SETTING
The story 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore is set in rural Bengal, India, during the early
20th century British Raj. The primary setting of the story is along the banks of a river, where the
characters embark on a boat journey. The specific location is the village of Kathaliya, which
serves as the zamindar's residence and the starting point of their journey.
The riverside market near Kathaliya provides a backdrop for the initial encounter between
Motilal Babu's Tarapada, the enigmatic Brahmin boy. The market represents the hustle and
bustle of daily life the picturesque countryside and adds a sense of liveliness to the story.
As the boat sets sail, the narrative unfolds against the backdrop of lush landscapes, sloping
pastures, jute fields, and rippling paddy fields offer a serene and natural environment. The
villages along the riverbanks, shaded by foliage, provide glimpses of rural life and the close-knit
community. The story also briefly mentions Nandigram, the destination Tarapada requests to be
dropped off. Although not extensively described, Nandigram is portrayed as a nearby location
with its own zamindars and cultural activities.
Motilal Babu's residence in Kathaliya and the boat journey itself serve as microcosms within the
larger setting. They provide a confined space for the characters to interact, bond, and confront
their emotions.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TITLE
The title of the story, 'Atithi / Guest', holds significant meaning and adds depth to the narrative
by highlighting the central theme and the character of Tarapada.
The term 'Atithi' is a Sanskrit word that translates to 'guest' in English. In Indian culture, the
concept of "Atithi Devo Bhava" emphasises the reverence and respect accorded to guests,
considering them as embodiments of the divine. The title, 'Atithi / Guest', immediately
establishes the theme of hospitality and the role of guests in the story.
Tarapada, the Brahmin boy who boards Motilal Babu's boat, embodies the essence of an 'Atithi'
or guest throughout the story. He appears unexpectedly and is welcomed by the zamindar's
family with open arms. Tarapada's arrival disrupts the routine of their journey and transforms
their lives.
The title also reflects Tarapada's transient nature. As a guest, he is not meant to stay
permanently but is rather a fleeting presence in the lives of Motilal Babu and his family.
Tarapada's nomadic lifestyle, characterised by his wandering from one group to another, further
emphasises his role as a transient guest in different communities and social circles.
APPRECIATION OF THE STORY
The story 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore has garnered critical appreciation for its
nuanced exploration of human relationships, the themes of hospitality and attachment, and the
skilful characterisation.
One aspect that critics often highlight is Tagore's portrayal of the characters. Each character in
the story is carefully crafted with distinct personalities and motivations. Tarapada, the enigmatic
Brahmin boy, stands out as a symbol of freedom, innocence, and detachment. His presence
challenges the conventional norms and routines of the other characters, leading to introspection
and self-discovery. Motilal Babu, the zamindar, represents the host figure, torn between his
attraction to Tarapada's uniqueness and his duty to his family. Annapurna, Motilal's wife,
displays tender affection towards the boy, while their daughter Charushashi embodies jealousy
and the complexities of growing up. The dynamic interactions between these characters create a
rich tapestry of emotions and interpersonal connections.
The theme of hospitality is another aspect that critics appreciate in 'Atithi / Guest'. Tagore
explores the concept of the guest-host relationship and explores its complexities. Through
Tarapada's arrival, the story examines the transformative impact of a guest on the lives of the
hosts. It raises questions about attachment, the transient nature of relationships, and the tension
between individual freedom and societal expectations.
Tagore's skilful storytelling and vivid descriptions of the setting also receive acclaim. The
picturesque landscapes, the riverside market, and the villages along the riverbanks create a vivid
backdrop that immerses readers in the rural Bengal setting. The use of sensory details and
evocative language enhances the reader's engagement with the narrative.
Furthermore, critics praise Tagore's ability to capture the essence of human emotions and
conflicts. The story touches upon themes of longing, identity, and the pursuit of individual
dreams. Tarapada's character, in particular, symbolises the yearning for freedom and
exploration, resonating with readers on a deeper level.
Short Essay-type Questions
1. How does the presence of the guest, Tarapada, impact the lives of the residents in
the village? Write your answer in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Tarapada's visit to the village creates a significant impact on the residents' lives.
From the onset, his arrival elicits a wave of curiosity and intrigue among the villagers, who are
charmed by his appealing looks, remarkable talent, and distinct personality. Tarapada's eager
contributions and proficiency in a range of skills, such as cooking and singing, win the hearts of
the villagers. He quickly becomes a beacon of joy and entertainment, infusing their otherwise
mundane routines with colour and liveliness. Through his engaging interactions and talents,
Tarapada cultivates a sense of unity and camaraderie among the villagers, bridging the divides
of age and social status.
Furthermore, Tarapada's presence provokes a re-evaluation of the villagers' traditional mindset
and societal norms. His free-spirited disposition and propensity for exploration ignite a spark of
introspection among the villagers, prompting them to question their own lives and the
limitations imposed on them. Tarapada's wanderlust embodies freedom and individuality,
providing a stark reminder of the endless possibilities that exist beyond their circumscribed
lives. His presence thus becomes a catalyst for self-reflection and the pursuit of personal dreams.
2. Discuss the significance of the title 'Atithi / Guest' and its relevance to the story.
Write your answer in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: The title 'Atithi / Guest' holds great significance in the story. It not only refers to
Tarapada, the central character who enters the lives of Motilal Babu and his family as an
unexpected guest but also symbolises the broader theme of hospitality and human connections.
Tarapada's arrival as a guest brings about a series of events that disrupt the normal routine of
the village and its inhabitants. His presence challenges the notion of traditional hospitality, as he
becomes an unconventional guest who not only receives but also gives generously. The title
highlights the transformative power of an unexpected guest and the potential impact they can
have on the lives of others.
Moreover, the title 'Atithi / Guest' also reflects the underlying theme of acceptance and
openness. Tarapada is not just an ordinary guest; he represents an outsider who brings a fresh
perspective and a different way of life. The title emphasises the idea that every guest, regardless
of their background or circumstances, has something valuable to offer. It prompts the readers to
reflect on their own attitudes towards guests and the importance of embracing diversity and new
experiences. The title serves as a reminder that guests, whether physical or metaphorical, have
the potential to bring joy, inspiration, and transformation into our lives.
3. Discuss the role of Motilal Babu in the story. Write your answer in a short
paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Motilal Babu plays a significant role in the story as the zamindar of Kathaliya and the
host to Tarapada. Initially, he appears as a generous and hospitable individual, willingly offering
Tarapada a ride on his boat and inviting him to join his family for a meal. Motilal's kind and
welcoming nature is evident when he invites Tarapada into the cabin, treating him as an
honoured guest. He recognises Tarapada's talents and appreciates his presence, which leads to a
genuine bond between them.
As the story progresses, Motilal Babu's role evolves into that of a mentor and father figure to
Tarapada. He takes a keen interest in Tarapada's well-being and encourages him to pursue his
studies in English. Motilal's support and encouragement highlight his nurturing nature and
genuine concern for Tarapada's growth and development. Motilal's role as a guiding figure is
evident in his decision to propose marriage between Tarapada and his own daughter,
symbolising his belief in Tarapada's worthiness and his desire to provide a stable future for him.
4. Discuss the role of Annapurna, Motilal Babu's wife, in the story. Write your answer
in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Annapurna, Motilal Babu's wife, plays an important role in the story as a
compassionate and empathetic character. From the moment she sees Tarapada, she is drawn to
him and feels a sense of motherly affection towards him. Annapurna's nurturing nature is
evident when she invites Tarapada to join them for a meal and makes efforts to make him feel
comfortable and welcomed. She treats him with kindness and attempts to understand his
background and story, showing genuine curiosity and concern for his well-being.
Throughout the story, Annapurna serves as a bridge between Tarapada and the rest of the
family. She tries to establish a connection with him, asking about his family and showing
empathy towards his situation. Annapurna's tender affection towards Tarapada demonstrates
her capacity for love and her ability to see beyond societal norms and prejudices. She recognises
his inherent goodness and accepts him as part of their family, despite his unconventional
background. Annapurna's role as a nurturing and understanding mother-figure adds warmth and
depth to the story, highlighting the power of compassion and acceptance in fostering meaningful
relationships.
5. Discuss the role of Charushashi in the story. Write your answer in a short
paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Charu, the nine-year-old daughter of Motilal Babu and Annapurna, plays a significant
role in the story as she embodies jealousy and conflict. Her intense jealousy towards Tarapada, a
young Brahmin boy who joins their boat journey, stems from her perception of him as a threat to
her parents' attention and affection. This jealousy manifests in her erratic behaviour, refusal to
eat, and constant objections. Charu's existing stubbornness and obstinacy are worsened by
Tarapada's presence and the admiration he gets. Despite Tarapada's attempts to win her over,
Charu remains resistant, showing only a slight attraction when he displays physical prowess.
Through Charu's character, the destructive nature of jealousy and its impact on relationships is
highlighted. Her actions and emotions create tension and conflict, contrasting with Tarapada's
detached and free-spirited nature. Ultimately, Charu serves to explore themes of envy,
possessiveness, and the consequences of unchecked emotions within the narrative.
6. Analyse the significance of Tarapada's talent in cooking and its impact on the other
characters, Write your answer in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Tarapada's talent in cooking holds great significance in the story as it becomes a
catalyst for bonding and connection between the characters. His skill in the culinary arts not
only provides nourishment but also becomes a medium through which he showcases his abilities
and expresses his love and care for others. Tarapada's talent in cooking is evident when he takes
over the task of preparing a meal during the boat journey, impressing Motilal Babu and his
family with his culinary expertise. This act of cooking not only showcases Tarapada's practical
skills but also reflects his ability to adapt and contribute to the well-being of others.
The impact of Tarapada's cooking talent extends beyond the realm of food. It becomes a means
for him to establish connections and foster deeper relationships with the other characters. His
culinary prowess captures the attention and admiration of Annapurna, who sees his cooking as
an act of love and care. Through his cooking, Tarapada not only nourishes their bodies but also
touches their hearts. The act of preparing and sharing a meal becomes a bonding experience,
allowing the characters to connect on a deeper level and creating a sense of togetherness.
7. Explore the relationship between Tarapada and Charushashi. Write your answer in
a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: The relationship between Tarapada and Charushashi is complex and multifaceted. At
first, Charushashi displays intense jealousy and resentment towards Tarapada. She feels
threatened by his presence and talent, particularly when others shower him with admiration and
attention. Her actions, such as destroying his flute and locking him in his room, are fuelled by
her deep-seated envy. However, as the story progresses, a shift occurs in their relationship.
Tarapada, despite facing Charushashi's hostility, remains patient and kind towards her. He
makes efforts to win her over, telling her stories, singing songs, and playing the flute for her. He
recognises her inner struggles and attempts to bridge the gap between them. In some instances,
Charushashi's curiosity and admiration for Tarapada begin to emerge, especially when she
secretly watches him during his swimming in the river. These moments hint at a potential
connection and attraction that Charushashi may feel towards Tarapada.
8. Analyse the character of Tarapada and his transformation throughout the story.
Write your answer in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: . Tarapada's character undergoes a significant transformation throughout the story.
Initially introduced as a runaway boy, Tarapada is depicted as a free-spirited wanderer who is
detached from societal norms and familial ties. His carefree nature and talents in cooking,
music, and various skills make him an enigmatic figure in the village. However, as the story
progresses, Tarapada's interactions with the residents of Kathaliya start to shape his character.
Tarapada's encounters with Motilal Babu and his family, particularly with Annapurna, expose
him to warmth, kindness. Additionally, Tarapada's curiosity and patience with Charushashi
becomes another incentive to behave unlike his usual routine, that is, staying in one place and
building connections. This influences his behaviour and gradually brings about a change in his
perspective. Tarapada begins to appreciate the value of human connections and learns to find
joy in being part of a community. His willingness to learn English and engage in formal
education highlights his desire for personal growth and a sense of purpose beyond his wandering
lifestyle.
9. Discuss the influence of Tarapada's wanderlust and curiosity on his decisions and
actions. Write your answer in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words.
Answer: Tarapada's wanderlust and curiosity serve as driving forces behind many of his
decisions and actions throughout the story. From a young age, he exhibits an insatiable desire to
explore the world beyond his village and experience new things. This wanderlust leads him to
join various troupes and groups, including jatra-troupes, panchali-singers, and a gymnastics
troupe. His curiosity about the outside world and his longing for freedom compel him to leave
his family and embrace a life of constant movement and exploration.
Tarapada's wanderlust also plays a role in shaping his character and perspective. It keeps him
detached from the conventional notions of stability and societal expectations. His exposure to
new experiences, different people, and diverse lifestyles broadens his understanding of the world
and allows him to develop a unique perspective. Despite facing challenges and experiencing
temporary homesickness, Tarapada remains true to his adventurous spirit and continues to seek
new horizons.
10. How does Tarapada's involvement in the theatre industry challenge the
traditional norms of rural India? Write your answer in a short paragraph of about
100-150 words.
Answer: Tarapada's involvement in the theatre industry challenges the traditional norms of rural
India in several ways. Firstly, his decision to join jatra-troupes and immerse himself in the world
of performing arts goes against the conventional expectations of a Brahmin boy. In the villages,
Brahmins are typically associated with religious rituals and scholarly pursuits, so Tarapada's
choice to engage in theatre and entertainment breaks the mould and challenges societal
expectations.
Secondly, Tarapada's success and popularity in the theatre industry disrupt the established
social hierarchy. As he gains recognition and admiration from people across different
communities and regions, he becomes a figure of fascination and admiration. This challenges the
existing power dynamics and upsets the traditional notions of social status and prestige.
Long Essay-type Questions
1. Explore the theme of hospitality in the story and how it is portrayed through the
interactions between the characters. Write your answer in about 200-250 words.
Answer: The theme of hospitality takes center stage in the story 'Atithi / Guest' and it is
effectively portrayed through the interactions between the characters. Within the village
community, hospitality is depicted as both a cultural norm and a moral obligation, where guests
are treated with utmost respect and care. As Tarapada, the protagonist, enters the village he
experiences the genuine warmth and generosity of the residents who graciously open their
homes and hearts to him.
Motilal Babu stands as an exemplary figure representing the value of hospitality. He welcomes
Tarapada into his home, offering him not only food and shelter but also a supportive
environment. Annapurna, Motilal Babu's wife, also plays a significant role in embodying the
spirit of hospitality through her diligent preparation of delicious meals for Tarapada.
Furthermore, the entire village embraces Tarapada, making him feel genuinely welcome
throughout his stay.
Through these interactions, the story effectively highlights the importance of hospitality as a
means of connecting with others, fostering goodwill, and strengthening the bonds within a
community. It serves as a reflection of the cultural values and traditions of the village,
emphasising the profound significance of treating guests with kindness and generosity.
Ultimately, the theme of hospitality serves as a powerful reminder of the transformative power
of human connection, highlighting the positive impact it can have on both the host and the
guest.
2. Reflect on the message or moral lesson that can be drawn from 'Atithi / Guest' and
how it resonates with contemporary society. Write your answer in about 200-250
words.
Answer: The story 'Atithi / Guest' conveys a powerful message regarding the significance of
human connections, empathy, and the value of embracing diversity. It emphasises that every
individual, regardless of their background or social status, possesses something unique to offer.
Tarapada, an outsider, brings his exceptional talent for cooking, which not only delights the
villagers but also challenges their pre-conceived notions. The story encourages readers to adopt
an open-minded and accepting attitude towards others, recognising the inherent value that
everyone brings.
Furthermore, 'Atithi / Guest' shines a light on the importance of hospitality and kindness
towards strangers. In today's fast-paced and often disconnected world, the story serves as a
poignant reminder of the profound impact that human connection can have on both the giver
and the receiver. It prompts readers to introspect on their own actions and attitudes towards
others, particularly those who may differ from them, as these interactions can shape
relationships and foster a sense of belonging.
Moreover, the story delves into the societal norms and the tension between tradition and
modernity. Tarapada's pursuit of success in the theatre industry challenges the traditional values
of the village. This conflict resonates with contemporary society, where individuals often find
themselves at odds with societal expectations as they navigate their own dreams and
aspirations. 'Atithi / Guest' urges readers to contemplate the importance of embracing
individuality, pursuing one's passion, and challenging societal norms that may hinder personal
growth and fulfilment.
3. How does the character of Tarapada in the story 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath
Tagore embody a sense of freedom and detachment from societal norms and
expectations? Write your answer in about 200-250 words.
Answer: The character of Tarapada in 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore embodies a sense
of freedom and detachment from societal norms and expectations through his wanderlust,
innocence, and ability to adapt to any situation. Tarapada is a young Brahmin boy who has run
away from home multiple times and joined various groups such as jatra- troupes, panchali-
singers, and gymnasts. Despite these connections, he remains detached and unbound by any
kind of habit or custom.
Tarapada's wanderlust reflects his desire to explore the outside world and be free from the
confines of his village and family. He is drawn to the ever-changing scenery and the vastness of
nature, which he feels intimately linked to. His detachment allows him to experience life without
being burdened by societal expectations or attachments. He effortlessly adapts to different roles
and tasks, showcasing his ability to navigate diverse environments.
Furthermore, Tarapada's innocence adds to his sense of freedom. He remains untainted by the
foul language, dreadful sights, and negative experiences he encounters on his journey. His mind
remains pure, and he maintains a natural curiosity and joy in discovering new things. He is like a
swan swimming in the murky waters of the world, with his white wings untainted and unsoiled.
Tarapada's character serves as a contrast to the zamindar's daughter, Charushashi, who is filled
with jealousy and animosity towards him. While she is bound by societal expectations and
volatile emotions, Tarapada remains unaffected by her hostility and continues to extend his
kindness towards her.
4. The Guest is a commentary on the systemic helplessness of women in Indian
society. Substantiate this statement in about 200-250 words with reference to the
story 'Atithi / The Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore.
Answer: The story 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore can be seen as a commentary on the
systemic helplessness of women in Indian society. This is evident through the character of
Annapurna, the wife of Motilal Babu, who represents the typical role of women in Indian society
during that time.
Annapurna is portrayed as a caring and nurturing woman who is attracted to the Brahmin boy,
Tarapada, when he joins their boat journey. She is curious about his background and tries to
engage him in conversation. However, she is limited in her ability to understand or connect with
Tarapada due to the societal constraints placed upon her. Despite her efforts to please him with
food and hospitality, she fails to truly understand his desires and needs.
Annapurna's helplessness is further highlighted through her relationship with her daughter,
Charushashi. The daughter becomes jealous of the attention her parents give to Tarapada and
acts out in disruptive ways. Annapurna, torn between her love for her daughter and her desire to
help Tarapada, is caught in a helpless situation where she cannot please both.
The story also portrays the limited agency of women in making decisions. Tarapada, a young
boy, is portrayed as free-spirited and independent, able to join different groups and explore the
world as he pleases. In contrast, Annapurna is bound by societal expectations and cannot fully
express herself or her desires.
5. Reflect on the depiction of gender norms in Rabindranath Tagore's 'Atithi / Guest'
in 200-250 words.
Answer: In 'Atithi / Guest' by Rabindranath Tagore, gender norms are subtly portrayed through
the characters and their interactions, highlighting the societal expectations and roles assigned to
men and women during the time the story was written.
The story reflects traditional gender norms prevalent in Indian society during that period.
Motilal Babu, as the male head of the household and a powerful personality in their society, is
expected to be a gracious host, providing hospitality and warmth to the guest Tarapada. His
primary responsibility is to ensure the comfort and satisfaction of the guest, embodying the role
of the provider and protector.
On the other hand, the female characters, such as Charu and Annapurna, adhere to more
passive roles. Charu, as Motilal's daughter, is portrayed as a young girl seeking validation and
approval, reliant on her father for guidance and support. Though she does not embody the image
of a docile and obedient daughter, her future seems conform to societal expectations of
femininity of the time, with an early marriage into a rich household, managing the household
like Annapurna and bearing children.
Annapurna, Motilal's wife, remains in the background throughout the story, fulfilling domestic
responsibilities without actively participating in the main narrative. Her presence is limited,
emphasising the notion of women's secondary status and their confinement to domestic spaces.
★★★★★★★
