1.

…… h a s a very high ability to image soft tissues and

show much more detail.
A-CT
B-MRI
C-Interventional radiology
D-No correct answer

2. …… is very effective in showing the bone, but not in

showing the soft tissues
A- CT
B- B-MRI
C-Interventional radiology
D-No correct answer
3. The CT device takes axial images perpendicular to the
human body and reconstruction images from them in
various other directions
True or False
4. CT is not efficient at highlighting bone

details True or False

5. There are from MRI machines, closed and open

True or False
6. the …… machine depicts real clips in any imaging
direction axial, sagittal and corner , not a reconstruction
imaging
A- CT
B-MRI
C-Interventional radiology
D-No correct answer

7. The MRI device

use A-x-ray
B-gamma ray
C-superconducting electromagnet
D-Infra-red ray
8. A device that photographs ……. atoms in the human
body.
A- H-atom B-C-atom C-N-atom D-O2-atom
9. Atoms are characterized in two ways The mass number
or atomic weight
True or False

10. The atomic weight is the sum of the protons in the

nucleus. This number gives an atom its chemical identity
True or False

11. Motion in the atom are electrons spinning on their own

axis and electrons orbiting the nucleus only
True or False
12. The principles of CT rely on the spinning motion of
specific nuclei present in biological tissues.
True or False

13. A nucleus has no spin if it has an even atomic and mass

number,
True or False

14. In nuclei that have an even mass number caused by an

even number of protons and neutrons……of the nucleons
spin in one direction and half in the other
A-full
B-half
C-no correct answer

15. When neutron (+ve) around itself, it does something

called spin
True or False
16. In nuclei with an odd number of protons, an odd
number of neutrons, or an odd number of both protons
and neutrons, the spin directions are not equal and
opposite, so the nucleus itself has a net spin or angular
momentum
True or False

17. Typically, these are nuclei that have an odd number of

protons (or odd atomic number) and therefore an odd
mass number. This means that their spin has …….value
A- integral spin
B- a half-integral
C- No correct answer

18. Spinning occur in nuclei with an odd number of both

protons and neutrons resulting in an even mass number.
This means that it has a whole integral spin value, e.g. 1,
2, 3. Examples are 6lithium However, these elements are
largely unobservable in MRI and are known as MR-active
nuclei.
True or False
19. MR-active nuclei are characterized by their tendency to
align their axis of rotation to an applied magnetic field
True or False

20. This occurs because they have angular momentum or

spin and, as they contain negatively charged protons, they
possess an electrical charge.
True or False

21. The magnetic moment of each nucleus has

……properties
A-scalor
B- vector
C-vector and scalor
D-no correct answer
22. Important examples of MR-active nuclei, together with
their mass numbers as
A- 23Na
B- 13C
C- 1H
D-all the above
19
F example of MR-active nuclei
True or False
23. The isotope of …….. is the most commonly used MR-
active nucleus in MRI
A- 23Na
B- 13C
C- 1H
D-No correct answer
24. The isotope of hydrogen called radiocarbon is the most
commonly used MR-active nucleus in MRI
True or False
25. MRI is used…… because is very abundant in the human
body and because the solitary proton gives it a relatively
large magnetic moment
A- Na B-C C- F D-H

26. Boltzmann equation of electromagnetic induction

states that a magnetic field is created by a charged
moving particle (that creates an electric field).
True or False

27. The protium nucleus contains two positively charged

proton that spins moves. Therefore, the nucleus has a
magnetic field
True or False

28. The north/south axis of each nucleus is

represented by a angular momentum
True or False
29. The body is full of hydrogen atoms. Does this mean
that the body is a big magnet?the answerr is yes
True or False

30. If a body enters in very strong magnet. Protons that

was randomly arranged would arrange itself in a direction
parallel to the field line only
True or False

31. When placed in a strong static external magnetic field,

the magnetic moments of hydrogen nuclei orientate with
this magnetic field. This is called …..
A-alignment
B-angular momentum
C- magnetic moment
D-Net magnetic vector

32. The body’s protons outside magnetic field net

magnetization equal zero
True or False
33. B0 is the magnetic field of ……..

A-H proton in the body

B- MRI device
C-no correct answer

34. Alignment of magnetic moments in the same

direction the main B0 field is
A- Parallel alignment
B- Antiparallel alignment
C-no correct answer

35. Antiparallel alignment is

A- Alignment of magnetic moments in the same direction
as the main B0 field
B- Alignment of magnetic moments in the opposite
direction to the main B0 field
C- no correct answer
36. After alignment, there are always less spins with their
magnetic moments aligned parallel than antiparallel.
True or False

37. The net magnetism of the patient is …..therefore

aligned parallel to the main B0 field in the longitudinal
plane or z-axis.
A-alignment
B-angular momentum
C- magnetic moment
D- Net magnetic vector

38. The physical separation of spin-up and spin- down

particles reflects an energy difference ΔE between the
two states
A- Zeeman effects
B- Boltzmann equation
C-angular momentum
D- no correct answer
39. Boltzmann equation cause a discrete number of energy
states. For hydrogen nuclei, there are only two possible
energy states
True or False

40. Zeeman interaction cause a discrete number of energy

states. For hydrogen nuclei, there are four possible energy
states
True or False

42. Parallel alignment also referred to as

….. A-spin-up
B-spin-down
C-no correct answer

43. Antiparallel alignment is spinup

bvTrue or False
44. ….do not have enough energy to oppose the main B0
field
A- Low-energy nuclei
B-high-energy nuclei
C-all the above
D-no correct answer

45. These are nuclei that align their magnetic moments

antiparallel or spin-down to the main B0 field in the
classical description
A- Low-energy nuclei
B-high-energy nuclei
C-all the above
D-no correct answer
46. The number of spins in each energy level is predicted
by the ………
A- Zeeman effects
B- Boltzmann equation
C-angular momentum
D-no correct answer

47. The difference in energy between these two states is

not proportional to the strength of the external magnetic
field
True or False

48. As B0 increases, the difference in energy between the

two energy states increases, and nuclei therefore require
less energy to align their magnetic moments in opposition
to the main field
True or False

49. When collecting magnetic field of protons is equal to a

magnetic field called net magnetization
True or False

50. Find that the strength of the magnetic field ……. as the
number of remaining protons increases
A-increase B-decrease C-equales D-no correct
answer
51. Therefore the stronger the magnet you use, the worse
the image will appear.
True or False

52. Magnetic moments of hydrogen spins are constantly

changing their orientation because, due to……
A- Zeeman interaction
B- Boltzmann equation
C-angular momentum
E- no correct answer

53. magnetic moments of hydrogen spins only align in the

parallel or antiparallel directions.They cannot orientate
themselves in any other direction.
True or False

54. In thermal equilibrium, at any moment in time, there

are a………proportion of spins with their magnetic
moments aligned in the same direction as B0 than against
it
A- greater
B-smaller
C-equales
D-no correct answer
55. The NMV reflects the relative balance between spin-up
and spin-down nuclei. It is the sum of all magnetic
moments of excess …… nuclei.
A-spin down
B-spin up
C-A and B
D-no correct answer

56. NMV aligns in the same direction as the main magnetic

field in the ………
A-transvers x-axis
B- longitudinal plane or z-axis
C- no correct answer

57. The number of spins that constitute this small excess

depends on the number of molecules per
………..and the ……….
A- gram of tissue and strength of RF
B-strength of gradient only and strength of RF
C- gram of tissue and the strength of B0
D- no correct answer

58. ……is the rotation of the proton around the filed lines
A-spin
B-magnetic moment
C-angular momentum
D-precess
59. This secondary spin is called ………and causes the
magnetic moments to circle around B0.
A-spin
B-magnetic moment
C-angular momentum
D-precession

60. The unit of precessional frequency is hertz (Hz)

True or False

61. The precessional frequency is often called the

…….
A-spin
B- Larmor frequency
C-angular momentum
D-precess

62. The course they take is called the precessional

frequency, and the speed at which they precess around
B0 is called the precessional path
True or False

63. The magnetic moments of all spin-up and spin-

down nuclei precess around B0 on a precessional path at
a Larmor frequency determined by RF
True or False
64. The ………expresses the relationship between angular
momentum and the magnetic moment of each MR-active
nucleus
A- gyromagnetic ratio
B- Larmor frequency
C-angular momentum
D-precess

65. The gyromagnetic ratio of hydrogen is ….. MHz/T

A- 42.58
B-5.77
C-10-.70
D-4.317

66. MR-active nuclei have different gyromagnetic ratios, so

their magnetic moments have same processional
frequencies at the same field strength
True or False

67. Proton rotates around the field line at a certain

speed and frequency this is….. A-spin
B-Larmor frequency
C-angular momentum
D-no correct answer

68. Larmor frequency don't depends on the strength of the

magnetic filed
True or False
69. …..refers to the position of magnetic moments on their
precessional path at any moment in time.
A- gyromagnetic ratio
B-Larmor frequency
C-phase
D-precess

70. In phase, frequency is the rate of change phase of

magnetic moments
True or False

71. Out of phase or incoherent

A-means that magnetic moments of hydrogen are at the
same place on the precessional path at a moment in time
B-means that magnetic moments of hydrogen are at
different places on the precessional path at a moment in
time
C- no correct answer

72. …….means that magnetic moments of hydrogen are at

the same place on the processional path at a moment in
time
A-In phase or coherent
B-Out of phase or incoherent
C-all the above
73. Coherent means those magnetic moments of hydrogen
are at different places on the processional path at a
moment in time.
True or False

74. When the hit the proton with radio frequencies

rays,the protons become
A-in phase
B-out of phase
C-A and B
D-no correct answer

74. When the only influence is B0, the proton

precess in transvers axis
True or False

75. In CT, the relative phase positions of all magnetic

moments of hydrogen are important.
True or False

76. The unit of …… is a radian

A-gyromagnetic ratio
B- Larmor frequency
C-phase
D-precess

77. The unit of the gyromagnetic ratio is therefore

A-radian B-tesla C-MHz/T D-no correct answer
78. ……… is a phenomenon that occurs when an object is
exposed to an oscillating perturbation that has a
frequency close to its own natural frequency of oscillation
A-spins
B-precess
C-resonance
d-magnetic momentum

79. the energy will be transferred from the RF to the

proton, and this is called…..
A-spins
B-precess
C-resonance
d-magnetic momentum

80. If we set the frequency of the radio frequency that

strikes the proton to the same frequency of this proton
that performs the precision process, the energy will be
transferred from the RF to the proton, and this is called
spins
True or False

81.external force that has an oscillation similar to the

natural frequency of its magnetic moment (its
Larmor frequency), the nucleus loss energy from the
external source.
True or False
82. If energy is delivered at a different frequency to that
of the Larmor frequency, resonance does ….., and the
nucleus does not gain energy
A-may be or may not
B-not occur
C-occur
D-no correct answer

83. As magnetic moments of hydrogen nuclei precess in

the RF band of the electromagnetic spectrum, for
resonance of hydrogen to occur, an RF pulse of energy is
applied at the Larmor frequency of hydrogen
True or False

84. Other MR-active nuclei, whose magnetic moments are

aligned with B0, do not resonate, because the
precessional frequencies of these magnetic moments are
……..to that of hydrogen
A-different
B-same
C-no correct answer

85. As we have just learned, the Larmor equation

determines that precessional frequency is ……. to the field
strength
A-proportional
B-inversaly
C-equals
D-no correct answer
86. What happens when energy is transferred from radio
frequencies to the proton, which processes? the proton
begins to gain energy and rotation angles begin to
increase until it turn on its side
True or False

87. Resonance is achieved by transmitting an RF pulse

called an ……….. This is produced by a transmit coil
A-RF-relation pulse
B-RF-excitation pulse
C-all the above

88. It is the return of the protons to their original position,

and during this they lose energy. We can measure this
energy by receiving it on a coil, and then using this
energy, draw the picture
A-excitation
B-relaxation
C-spins
D-angular momentum

89. The RF excitation pulse is derived from the magnetic

component only (the electric field produces heat)
A-termed B1.
B-termed B0
C- A and B
D-no correct answer
90. B0 field in a plane at 90° to B1, termed the transverse
plane or x–y-axis
True or False

91. the Larmor equation determines that precessional

frequency is inversly to the field strength
True or False

92. Is to give protons energy and then increase the angle

of rotation until it becomes rotated on its side
A-excitation
B-relaxation
C-spins
D-angular momentum

93. When the signal is in the returning direction, it

………
A-increase
B-decrease
C-not change
D- no correct answer
94. The protons were rotate in the Z direction. But when
we hit the protons with radio frequencies, their angle
began to increase until they were rotate on their side in
the z-plain direction
True or False

95. In order to perform an MRI

A- apply a radiofrequency pulse in a different direction
from B0
B- apply a radiofrequency pulse along B0
C-change the strength of B0
D-no correct answer

96. in order to measure recovery in longitudinal axis

, an MR scanner measure
A- signal in longitudinal axis (z-axis, a long B0)
B-signal in the transverse plane (xy- plane)
C-proton precession frequency
D- local magnetic filed the MR receiver coil can only
measure signal in the transverse plane

97. within –slice signal localization in MRI is performed

with
A- Tomography
B- Iterative reconstruction
C-Fourier transform
D- Selective excitation
98. Protons in different molecules differ in all of the
following ways except
A- T1
B- T2
C- Gyromagnetic ratio
D- Precession frequency

99. Radiology uses the …….extensively, as it is a basic

mathematical tool for signal analysis and is essential to the
creation of MR images
A-Tomography
B- Iterative reconstruction
C- Fourier transform
D- Selective excitation

100. Especially in signal processing, the typical use of

Fourier transform is to decompose the signal into
amplitude and phase components.
True or False
101. Radiofrequency causes magnetic field called B0
True or false
102. in order to measure recovery in the longitudinal
axis (T1 relaxation), an MR scanner measures:
A- Signal in the longitudinal axis (z-axis, along B0)
B- Signal in the transverse plane (xy-plane)
C- Proton precession frequency
D- Local magnetic field
103. Application of an RF pulse that causes resonance is
termed ……., which means it is “energy- giving
A-excitation
B-de-excitation
C-a and b
D-no correct answer

104. The RF excitation pulse is characterized by its

amplitude (B1) and its frequency
True or False

105. B1 causes magnetic moments of the hydrogen

nuclei to precess in the transverse plane
True or False

106. For ……. to occur, the frequency of the RF excitation

pulse must equal the Larmor frequency of
magnetic moments of the hydrogen nuclei.
A- resonance
B-spins
C-precess
D-all the above

107. As B0 is much smaller than B1, magnetic moments of

the hydrogen nuclei precess at a much lower
True or False
108. During the RF excitation pulse, the transverse
magnetization precesses at a frequency dependent on the
……. of the B1 field
A- amplitude
B-frequency
C-phase
D-no correct answer

109. If just the right amount of energy is absorbed; the

NMV lies in the transverse plane at 90° to B0. When it
does, it has moved through a flip or tip angle of 90°.
True or False

110.The change of magnetic flux through a closed circuit

induces an electromotive force (emf) in the circuit
True or False

111. The emf drives a current in the circuit and is the

result of a changing electric field inducing an magnetic
field
True or False

112. Lenz’s law is in a direction so that it opposes the

change in magnetic field that causes it
True or False
113. According to …….., a changing magnetic field causes
movement of charged particles, i.e. electrons
A- Lenz’s law
B- Faraday’s law
C-zeemen equation
D-no correct answer

114. The frequency of signal depends on the frequency of

rotation of the magnetic field – the magnitude of signal
depends on the amount of coherent magnetization
present in the longitudinal plane
True or False

115. What distinguishes a signal is its strength (intensity)

and frequency (rotation speed of the source)
A-intensity and strength
B- frequency only
C-intensity and frequency
D-no correct answer

116. In order to perform an MRI experiment, we

_first_ need to
A- Apply a radiofrequency pulse in a different direction
from B0
B- Apply a radiofrequency pulse along B0
C- Change the strength of B0
D- Apply a magnetic field gradient