Residence Design
Site Analysis Introduction
AD-I , 2020
General steps in Architectural Design
Development process
Design
Area Adjacency/sp Bubble
Problem Site Analysis
Programming ace matrix Diagram
Overview
Façade Conceptual Zoning
Plans Line Diagram
Design Design Diagram
Design
Finalization
Site Analysis
Where is the site located and how is it approached?
Existing major streets and Landmarks
Documentation of distances and time from major places A good site analysis will
enable the client to exploit
Set-back requirements the full potential of a site.
Height restrictions Effective planning and zoning
can maximize utility and
Allowable site coverage design potential
Parking requirement
Condition of existing buildings and immediate surroundings of the site
Prominent vision lines / visual linkages
CLIMATIC COMPONENTS
Orientation – with respect to - sun path and wind direction
Temperature
Average yearly temperature, average monthly temperature, max. and minimum temp
range thru the seasons.
Type of climatic zone it is in?
Should solar heat gain be maximized or minimized?
Wind
Intensity & direction throughout the year
CLIMATIC COMPONENTS
Humidity & Relative humidity
Precipitation and Hydrology
Average annual rainfall and peak hourly rainfall.
Spread of rainfall throughout the year
Drainage patterns of site – whether it stagnates or flows along natural slopes
Location of water bodies- ponds, lakes, rivers – if seasonal or perennial
Depth of water table
Quality of ground water
HFL - highest flood level – no imp building should be below the HFL
Sun Path Diagrams
• Sun path refers to the apparent significant seasonal-and-hourly
positional changes of the sun (and length of daylight) as the Earth
rotates, and orbits around the sun.
• Sun-path diagram as the name suggests is something that is used
to determine the location ,in the sky, of the sun at any point of time
during the day, throughout the year.
Sun Path Diagrams
• Benefits of sun-path diagrams:
One can identify the optimal orientation of solar panels in a given building.
By identifying the solar-windows of a particular location, one can design the
building such that there is maximum utility of the solar energy by placing
thermal mass required for indirect heat gain in the right orientation.
By tracing down the surface area illuminated, to the greatest extent, by the sun,
the location of clerestories and fenestrations of a building can be
optimized so that the thermal and visual comfort levels in the building are met.
The shading devices also can be designed similarly.
Sun Path Diagrams
South orientation receives
maximum solar radiation during
winters which is preferable as
composite climate receives severe
winters.
East and West receive maximum
solar radiation during summer.
West is a crucial orientation
because high intensity of solar
radiation is received during
summers.
Orientation also plays an important
role with respect to wind direction.
Area Programming
The area requirements of each room is determined from NBC guidelines,
Time Saver Standards, Neufert etc.
Space requirements are different for different types of buildings.
Also, the required area for any habitable or non-habitable space depend
on the type of fittings, furniture alignment and fenestrations.
The area of a room can also be calculated from the net square footage
required for each person in that room and area requirements for
circulation during maximum occupancy within that room.
