THE FACTORS AFFECTING INVESTIGATING CAREER CHOICES

AMONG TVL-ICT TRACK STUDENTS IN GRADE 12

A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SAN FABIAN

INTEGRATED SCHOOL SPED CENTER

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUBJECT PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 2

SUBMITTED BY:

ANGEL SHAINE M. CONSTANTINO

STEPHANIE LYN P. BOADILLA

JACKELYN DISTOR

PIA FERRERA

JEZREL C. GONZALES

MARY GRACE MENDEZ

JONATHAN RAMOS

INFORMATION AND COMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY

JUNE 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE NO.

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………………………. i

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………………………. ii

CHAPTER

I INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

Background of the study……………………………………………………………………………… 1

Theoretical Framework of the Study……………………………………………………………….... 3

Conceptual Framework of the Study………………………………………………………………… 4

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………………………………

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………………………….

Scope and Limitations of the Study……………………………………………………………………

Definition of Terms……………………………………………………………………………………….

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE…………………………………………………………………

III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………………………….

Research Design………………………………………………………………………………………

Research Locale………………………………………………………………………………………

Respondents of the………………………………………………………………………………….

Instrumentation………………………………………………………………………………………
Validation………………………………………………………………………………………………

Data Gathering Procedure…………………………………………………………………………

Statistical Treatment…………………………………………………………………………………

Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Choosing a career is one of the most important decisions that a student has to make in their life. It

can affect their future opportunities, income, satisfaction, and well-being. However, making a career

choice is not an easy task, as there are many factors that can influence a student’s preferences and

decisions. Some of these factors are personal, such as interests, abilities, values, and personality. Others

are external, such as parental influence, peer pressure, media exposure, economic conditions, and

educational opportunities.

One of the educational opportunities that students in the Philippines have been the Technical-

Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) track, which is one of the four tracks offered in Senior High School under the

K-12 Basic Education Curriculum. The TVL track aims to equip students with job-ready skills that they

can use for employment, entrepreneurship, or further education. The TVL track has four strands: Agri-

Fishery Arts, Home Economics, Industrial Arts, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

The ICT strand is designed to provide students with technical and manual skills related to

computer systems, programming, animation, illustration, technical drafting, and other related fields. The

ICT strand is expected to prepare students for the growing demand for ICT professionals in the local and

global market. However, the ICT strand is also one of the most competitive and challenging strands in the

TVL track, as it requires a high level of cognitive, analytical, and creative abilities. Ever dreamed of

becoming an animator? Interested in stepping into a career in the tech industry in the future? Taking the

Information and Communication Technology strand might be the right path for you! But what is it all about

and how can you benefit from it? Here are some of the important things you might want to read about this

strand: What do you need to know about the TVL ICT strand? Information Communications and

Technology or ICT strand is one of the strands offered in the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Track

in senior high school. It is designed to provide you with the technical skills and knowledge in using tools
and equipment that allows people to interact in the digital world. Under this strand, you will learn relevant

skills and knowledge in various disciplines such as illustration, web designing and computer

programming. ICT can also help you hone additional skills that you can use for employment especially if

you are eyeing a career in the creative industry like animation, technical drafting or java programming.

Aside from these, some of the other areas that you will learn in ICT include telecom installation

and medical transcription. The best thing about this strand is that you can earn a National Certificate on

each subject, provided that you pass the assessments from TESDA. National Certificates can help boost

your chances for employment in the future. The ICT strand is designed to provide students with technical

and manual skills related to computer systems, programming, animation, illustration, technical drafting,

and other related fields.

The ICT strand is expected to prepare students for the growing demand for ICT professionals in

the local and global market. However, the ICT strand is also one of the most competitive and challenging

strands in the TVL track, as it requires a high level of cognitive, analytical, and creative abilities.

Information Communication and Technology or ICT strand can provide you with a wide range of options

when you graduate. Right after you finish this strand, you can already apply for a job. Here are some of

the careers that you can enter in ICT.

Data Encoder, Junior Programmer, Customer Service Representative, Computer Technician,

Radio Technician, Web Designer, Software Developer, Web Developer, Application Developer, Game

Designer, Telecommunications Engineer. This research aims to investigate the factors affecting the

career choices of Grade 12 students in the TVL-ICT track. By doing so, it hopes to provide valuable

insights that can guide educational institutions, policy makers, and students themselves in making

informed decisions about career paths in the ICT field.

The study is based on the assumption that career choice is a complex and dynamic process that

involves multiple factors, such as personal interests, abilities, values, goals, personality, social influences, and

environmental opportunities. The study adopts a combination of Holland's theory of career choice¹, Gottfredson's

theory of circumscription and compromise², and Parsons' theory of matching³ to explain how TVL -ICT track

students in grade 12 make their career decisions. According to Holland's theory, people can be classified into six

personality types: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. Each personality type

has a corresponding set of occupations that are suitable for them.

People tend to choose careers that match their personality types, and they are more satisfied and

successful when they do so. The study will use the Holland Code Career Test to measure the personality types

of the TVL-ICT track students and to identify the occupations that they prefer. According to Gottfredson's theory,

career choice is a process of self-creation that begins in childhood and continues throughout adulthood. People

develop a self-concept that reflects their gender, social class, and intelligence, and they use this self-concept to

eliminate or compromise on career options that are not compatible with their self-image.

The study will use the Self-Directed Search to measure the self-concept of the TVL-ICT track students

and to examine how they narrow down their career choices based on their self-perceptions. According to

Parsons' theory, career choice is a rational and objective process that involves matching one's talents, skills, and

interests with the requirements and rewards of different occupations. People need to have a clear understanding

of themselves and the world of work, and they need to use reliable and valid information to make informed and

realistic career decisions. The study will use the Career Decision-Making System to measure the career

interests, aptitudes, and values of the TVL-ICT track students and to compare them with the characteristics and

outlooks of various occupations.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) track is one of the four strands of the Senior High School

(SHS) curriculum in the Philippines. It aims to equip students with skills and competencies that will prepare them

for employment, entrepreneurship, or further education. Among the various specializations offered under the TVL

track, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is one of the most popular and in-demand fields in the

21st century. However, there is a lack of research on the factors that influence the career choices of TVL ICT

students in Grade 12.

Understanding these factors can help educators, counselors, and policy makers to design and implement

effective interventions and programs that will support the students' career development and aspirations.

Therefore, the main problem of this study is:

Objectives:

What are the factors affecting the career choices of TVL ICT students in Grade 12?

What are the personality types, self-concepts, and career interests of the TVL-ICT track students in grade 12?

What are the factors that influence the career choices of the TVL-ICT track students in grade 12?

How do the TVL-ICT track students in grade 12 perceive the opportunities and challenges of pursuing a career in

ICT?

What are the implications of the study for career guidance and counseling for TVL-ICT track students in grade

12?
Significance of the study

The study of the factors affecting the career choices of TVL ICT students in Grade 12 is significant for

several reasons. First, it can provide valuable insights into the motivations, preferences, and challenges of the

students who are pursuing a career in ICT, which is one of the most dynamic and in-demand fields in the global

market. Second, it can help educators, counselors, and policy makers to understand the needs and aspirations

of the students, and to design and implement effective interventions and programs that will support their career

development and readiness. Third, it can benefit the students themselves, by helping them to make informed

and realistic decisions about their future careers, and by enhancing their self-awareness, confidence, and

satisfaction.

Fourth, it can contribute to the existing literature on career choice and vocational education, by providing

empirical evidence and new perspectives from the Philippine context. Fifth, it can inspire further studies on the

factors influencing the career choices of other TVL strands or specializations, or of other groups of students in

different settings or levels.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study titled “Investigating the Factors Affecting Career Choices Among TVL-ICT Track Students in

Grade 12” will be conducted at San Fabian Integrated School Speed Center. The study will focus on students in

the TVL-ICT track in Grade 12 and will investigate the factors that influence their career choices. Study will have

23 students from the Senior High School Students, Grade 12 TVL-ICT(Descartes) as the respondents.
Definition of Terms

Career choice; Career Choice is a process of self-creation that begins in childhood and continues throughout

adulthood.

TVL-ICT track: The Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) track is one of the four strands of the Senior High

School (SHS) curriculum in the Philippines.

Holland’s theory of career choice: A theory that proposes that people can be classified into six personality

types: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional4.

Parsons’ theory of matching: A theory that asserts that career choice is a rational and objective process that

involves matching one’s talents, skills, and interests with the requirements and rewards of different occupations.
CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

Review of Literature

The decision-making process regarding career choices among students is a multifaceted phenomenon
influenced by various factors. The research titled “Investigating the Factors Affecting Career Choices Among
TVL-ICT Track Students in Grade 12” delves into the complexities of this process within the context of Technical
Vocational Livelihood (TVL) - Information and Communication Technology (ICT) track students.

Educational Engagement and Career Choice

A study by Vergara (2023) highlights the importance of educational engagement in the career choice process.
The research suggests that there is a significant relationship between students’ preferences for the TVL track
and their level of educational engagement. This engagement serves as a contributing factor to the students’
career choices, indicating that the more engaged a student is with their education, the more informed and
deliberate their career decisions are likely to be.

Influence of Academic and Socioeconomic Factors

The research also points to the influence of academic achievement and socioeconomic status on career choice.
Students’ academic performance and their families’ financial situations can play a crucial role in shaping their
career aspirations and the feasibility of pursuing certain professions.

Education on Career Impact of Vocational Trajectories

The TVL track, specifically, has been scrutinized for its potential impact on students’ future career trajectories.
The vocational education system is designed to equip students with practical skills and knowledge pertinent to
the labor market. However, there is an ongoing debate about the alignment of vocational tracks with higher
education opportunities and the labor market’s needs.

Challenges and Opportunities

Students choosing the TVL-ICT track face unique challenges and opportunities. The rapid evolution of
technology and the increasing demand for ICT skills in the workforce present both a challenge in keeping up with
the latest developments and an opportunity for students to carve out lucrative career paths in the tech industry.

Conclusion

The literature suggests that career choice among TVL-ICT track students is influenced by a confluence of
factors, including educational engagement, academic performance, socioeconomic background, and the
perceived value of vocational education. Understanding these factors is crucial for educators, policymakers, and
students themselves as they navigate the complex landscape of career planning and development.

This review synthesizes key findings from existing literature and provides insights into the factors that influence
career choices among TVL-ICT track students. It underscores the need for further research to address the gaps
and challenges identified in the current body of knowledge. If you require more detailed information or specific
studies, please let me know, and I can assist you further.
CHAPTER 3

Research Design

The study will adopt a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and
analysis techniques. The study will use a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews as the main
instruments for data gathering. The target population of the study will be Grade 12 TVL-ICT track students
from selected public and private schools in the Philippines. The study will employ purposive sampling and
stratified random sampling techniques to select the participants. The study will use descriptive and inferential
statistics, thematic analysis, and triangulation methods to analyze the data and answer the research
questions.

The study will adhere to the ethical principles and guidelines for conducting research involving human
participants. The study will obtain informed consent from the participants and ensure their confidentiality and
anonymity. The study will also acknowledge the sources of information and avoid plagiarism.

Research Locale

The study titled “Investigating the Factors Affecting Career Choices among TVL-ICT Track Students in Grade
12” will be conducted at San Fabian Integrated School SPED Center.

San Fabian Integrated School SPED Center is a well-established educational institution that caters to a diverse
group of students, including those enrolled in the TVL-ICT track. The school’s environment, curriculum, and
teaching methods make it an ideal locale for this research.

The Grade 12 TVL-ICT track students of this school will be the primary focus of the study. These students are at
a critical juncture in their academic journey, making decisions that will shape their future careers. Their choices,
influenced by a variety of factors, are of significant interest to this research.

The data gathered from this locale will provide valuable insights into the career decision-making process of TVL-
ICT track students, contributing to a broader understanding of this phenomenon.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study titled “Investigating the Factors Affecting Career Choices among TVL-ICT Track
Students in Grade 12” will be the Grade 12 students enrolled in the TVL-ICT track at San Fabian Integrated
School SPED Center in Inmalog Sur, San Fabian, Pangasinan.

The selection of respondents will be done using a stratified random sampling method to ensure a representative
sample of the TVL-ICT track students. The sample size will be determined based on the total population of
Grade 12 TVL-ICT track students in the school.

The respondents will be asked to participate in various data collection methods such as surveys, interviews, and
focus group discussions. Their participation will be voluntary, and their responses will be kept confidential and
used solely for the purpose of this research.

The insights gained from these respondents will be crucial in understanding the factors that influence their
career choices, thereby achieving the objectives of the study.
Instrumentation

Survey Questionnaire: A structured questionnaire will be developed to collect quantitative data on the factors
influencing the career choices of the students. The questionnaire will include sections on demographic
information, academic interests, career aspirations, and the perceived influence of various factors on their career
choices.