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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 25, 2021, ABB VIRTUAL SUMMER INTERNSHIP 2021, CAIRO

Project Structure & Hierarchy

Introduction to electrical projects
Amr Younis, Technical Promotion Manager, Electrification Business Area

© Copyright 2020 ABB. All rights reserved. Document ID.: Rev.:

Agenda

Project Structure & Hierarchy

Consultant scope
− Tender Specifications
− How to Prepare Specifications
Supplier Engineering Functions

August 25, 2021 Slide 2

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Project Structure & Hierarchy
Project Structure & Hierarchy
Project Stakeholders
Consultant

Supplier Project Contractor

End user
(Owner)

August 25, 2021 Slide 4

Project Structure & Hierarchy
Purpose

The technical specification first answer to a need to accurately communicate the desires of the owners and designers to those people in
charge of doing the actual construction.

Identify the laws, codes, and regulations affecting design, construction, and use of facilities.
Clearly define the project features for which the client is fining the project.
Establish technical requirements and performance criteria for products’ selection.

Constitutes the base for revising cost estimation.

Constitutes the checklist for products purchasing.
Reduce the risk of deviations during final stage of construction, that generally impact on financial costs.

August 25, 2021 Slide 5

Project Structure & Hierarchy
Purpose

Types of tender
- Open tender
- Selective tender
- Negotiated tender
- Single stage/double stage tender
- …

Types of contracts
- Fixed-price contract
- Cost-plus contract
- …

August 25, 2021 Slide 6

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Consultant scope
Tender Specification
Technical specifications at different project stages

Preliminary Construction Facility

Concept Design Final Design
design Design management

Preliminary Project Preliminary technical Outline specification Project Technical “As built” technical
Descriptions specification – Preliminary drawings Documentation documentation
– Sketches – Preliminary drawing – Offer – Modifications – Operation and
and schematics – Bill of Material Maintenance
– Budgetary instruction
– Purchase order
quotation – Record documents
– Delivery
conditions

August 25, 2021 Slide 8

Standards
Definitions

Contains the main definitions and guidelines for the

Standard of design, manufacturing and testing for a product

Standard adopted by a government and can be

Code enforced by Law
Or, a part of a business contract

A technical description of the characteristics which

are required to be fulfilled by some products,
Specification services, processes, bodies, people or systems
based on project needs

August 25, 2021 Slide 9

Tender Specification
Type of technical specification (suppliers)

Performance Specification (Open) Prescriptive Specification (Closed) Specification with Options

Describes required performances without Describes not only required In between open and closed
specific details on how those performances, but also specific details on specifications there are many technical
performances must be achieved. tools, technologies adopted in product specifications that are applicable to few
Leaves a great freedom to contractors, design. brands.
panel builders or installers to satisfy the Names one product or one manufacturer. These specification are used to guarantee
specifications. It can include some other manufacturers a good quality level, but maintaining a
Generally does not contain a vendor list, as “option” for additional quotation with lower price ensuring competition among
sometimes contains a list of other brands in order to evaluate price few well known manufacturer.
manufacturers acceptable. level; but generally alternatives require This type of specification can be used
These specifications are in the form of deviations, that might not be accepted. also in public tendering if is applicable to
descriptive specifications or performance The used of words like “or equivalent” are at least 3 brands, where the availability of
specifications. not sufficient to let consider it as open 3 options ensure fair and competitive
specification. bidding.

August 25, 2021 Slide 10

Tender Specification
Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)

History
Standardizing the presentation of Project Specification improves communication among all parties involved in construction projects.
That helps the project team deliver structures to owners according to their requirements, timelines, and budgets.

The Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) is an organization that keeps and changes the standardization of construction language
as it pertains to building specifications
CSI provides structured guidelines for specification writing in their Project Resource Manual (PRM)
The PRM contains procurement requirements, contract forms, conditions of the contract, and specifications

CSI was formed in March 1948 by various specification writers in government agencies to develop standards for the quality of
construction specifications.

CSI authors MasterFormat, which is an indexing system for organizing construction data, particularly construction specifications

https://www.csiresources.org/home
August 25, 2021 Slide 11
Tender Specification
MasterFormat top hierarchy

MasterFormat

PROCUREMENT AND
SPECIFICATIONS
CONTRACTING
GROUP
REQUIREMENTS GROUP

GENERAL FACILITY FACILITY SITE AND PROCESS

REQUIREMENTS CONSTRUCTION SERVICES INFRASTRUCTUR EQUIPMENT
SUBGROUP SUBGROUP SUBGROUP E SUBGROUP SUBGROUP

Division 00 – Division 02 … Division 20 … Division 30 …

Division 40 … Division 49
Division 01 – Division 19 Division 29 Division 39
Procurement and
General
Contracting e.g. Division 46 – Water and
Requirements e.g. Division 11 – e.g. Division 26 – e.g. Division 34 – Wastewater Equipment
Requirements Equipment Electrical Transportation

August 25, 2021 Slide 12

Tender Specification
SectionFormat/ PageFormat

SectionFormat Structure
SectionFormat provides a uniform standard for arranging specification text in a project manual's sections using a three-part format. It
reduces the chance of omissions or duplications in a specification section.

SectionFormat has three Parts:

– PART 1 – GENERAL: Describes administrative and procedural requirements unique to the section. Part 1 expands on subjects covered in
Division 01, adding information unique to the section.
– PART 2 – PRODUCTS: Describes the systems, assemblies, equipment, products, materials, fabrications, and mixes that are to be
incorporated into the project.
– PART 3 – EXECUTION: Describes field/site installation or application, including preparatory actions and post-installation cleaning and
protection. Field/site-built assemblies and field/site-manufactured products and systems are included

When a section does not require the use of a Part, the unused Part number and title are included, followed by the words "Not Used," to
clarify that the unused Part has been intentionally omitted.

https://www.csiresources.org/home
August 25, 2021 Slide 13
Tender Specification
SectionFormat - Example

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Tender Specification
Type of technical specification (Scope)

System specifications Product specifications

General requirements General requirements
– Manufacturer quality – Standard conformity
– Submittals – Quality assurance
– References
Technical requirements
Technical requirements for assembly / system (MCC, PC..) – Products performance
– Products technical specifications – Product components
– Execution – Accessories

August 25, 2021 Slide 15

Standards
Kinds of tests

According to IEC 60947-1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules, tests shall be made to prove compliance with
the requirements in this standard, where applicable, and in the relevant product standard. Tests are as follows:

Type tests: test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications, which shall be
made on representative samples of each particular equipment;
Routine tests: test to which each individual device is subjected during and/or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with
certain criteria, which shall be made on each individual piece of equipment manufactured to this standard, where applicable, and the
relevant product standard;
Sampling tests: test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch, which are made if called for in the relevant product standard.
Special tests: Where appropriate a test may also be performed, Which is made either at the discretion of the manufacturer or according
to an agreement between manufacturer and user

The tests shall be carried out by the manufacturer, at his works or at any suitable laboratory of his choice.
The above tests may consist of test sequences, according to the requirements of the relevant product standard. Where such test
sequences are specified in a product standard, tests, the result of which are not influenced by preceding tests and have no significance
for subsequent tests of a given test sequence may be omitted from that test sequence, and made on separate new samples, by
agreement with the manufacturer.

August 25, 2021 Slide 16

IEC61439 Series
Concept & Definitions

The conformity with the new standard of an ASSEMBLY shall be achieved by the application of one or
more of the following equivalent and alternative methods as appropriate, called “design verification”:

- verification by testing (3.9.1.1 made on samples in specific laboratories)

- verification by assessment (3.9.1.3 design verification, with calculations, of strict design rules on
samples instead of the tests)

- verification by comparison (3.9.1.2 comparison done with a tested design or physical measurements, for
the design as an alternative to a test)

August 25, 2021 Slide 17

Standards
Conformity to Standards

The fundamental principle of conformity assessment is to determine whether a product adheres to specified requirements, such as in
the IEC International Standards.

There are three types of assessment:

First party: the manufacturers evaluate their own products. This may include product construction evaluation and testing in their in-
house test laboratories and may provide a supplier’s declaration of conformity.

Second party: the companies buying the product perform their own product evaluations, which may include product assessment and
testing by use of their own laboratory.

Third party: independent parties carry out product evaluation and testing.

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Supplier Engineering Functions
Off-Projects functions
Front End

Consultant
Marketing

Pre-Sales
(Prescription)

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Project-based Functions
Front End

Contractor /End Sales Support Sales (Technical/

Contractor
User (Project (Technical Commercial
Sales (Quotation) (Complete project
Documentation- Quotation+ Quotation+
quotation)
RFQ) Project Costing) Delivery terms)

Contractor
Project Consultant
Sales (Project (Approved
Management (Submittal
Handover to PM) material+
(Execution) Approval)
Purchase Order)

August 25, 2021 Slide 21

Project-based Functions
Back End

Project Manager PM/ Contractor/ Engineering (Final

Engineering-Design Supply Chain
(Approved Consultant (shop shop drawings+
(Shop drawings + (Internal PO/3rd
material Material list)
drawings project material
Parties)
submittal+ PO) approval) list)

Customer Consultant/ End- Quality Control Production

Service user
Support (Project (Testing (Project
(SAT/After Sales)
delivery) (FAT-Approval) completed items) manufacturing)

August 25, 2021 Slide 22