HYDR 225 TUTORIAL 3 FRIDAY 8TH APRIL 2022
Topic: Hydrodynamics
Content: Classification of flow, Continuity equation, Flow measurement,
and Bernoulli’s equation
1. Determine the critical velocity for a) oil at 20oC flowing through a 20mm
pipe and b) water at 20oC flowing in the 20mm pipe. (Assume flow is
laminar)
2. Determine the type of flow occurring in a 12m pipe when a) water is at
25 oC flows at a velocity of 3.5m3/s and b) heavy oil at 25 oC flows at the
same velocity.
3. For laminar flow conditions, what size pipe will deliver 0.0057 m3/s of
water with dynamic viscosity of Ʋ=6.09×10-6m/s.
4. Two separate pipelines (1 and 2) join together to form a larger pipeline
(3). It is known that D1=0.2m, D2=1.0m, Q2=0.23 m3/s and Q3=0.35 m3/s.
a) what is the value of Q1, V1and V2? b) If V3must not exceed 3m/s, what
is the minimum diameter, D3, that can be used?
5. Water flows through a straight pipeline that reduces in diameter from
section 1 to 2. The centerline of the pipeline is horizontal. If V1=1.54m/s,
P1=20×103N/m2, and V2=2.65m/s, what is P2in N/m2 and as the
equivalent head of water? Assume no loss of energy
6. Water flows through a pipeline of constant diameter that is inclined
upwards. On the centerline of the pipe, point 1 is 0.3m below point 2. The
Pressure at point 1 is 9.3×103N/m2. What is the pressure at point 2 if there
is no loss of energy?
7. Water flows through a pipeline which reduces in cross-section. The
centerline of the pipe is horizontal. If V1= 1.5m/s, V2=2.65m/s,
P1=20×103N/m2 and P2=16.89×103N/m2, what is the energy loss between
sections 1 and 2?
8. Water flows in a pipe of diameter 150mm. The velocity of water is
measured at a certain spot which reflects the average flow velocity. A
pitot static tube has a meter coefficient of C=1.05, and is joined to a
mercury manometer indicating a reading of 167mm. Determine the flow
rate of the water.
9. Technicians have to determine the flow rate of water in a pipe with the
aid of a venturi throat has a diameter of 20mm. The venturi meter hs a
discharge coefficient of 0.9. Determine what level difference can be
expected in the manometer.
10.Wate is pumped from a river and flows vertically upwards in a 150mm
diameter pipe in which a venturi meter is mounted. The throat of the
venturi meter is 75mm diameter. At the throat and inlet of the venturi
pressure gauges are installed which show a pressure difference of 37kPa.
The vertical distance between the gauges is 105mm. Determine from
basic principles of what the discharge flow rate will be in the pipe if the
discharge coefficient is 0.985.
11. A water pipe with diameter of 200mm transports water. The flow rate is
approximately 0.09m3/s. The flow rate must accurately determined with
an orifice and a mercury manometer. Determine the diameter of the
orifice that will cause a reading of 150mm between the mercury levels.
Take Cd=0.69.
12.Use the following graph of Cd versus Re below, and determine the water
flow rate through a 150mm pipe in which an orifice plate with a diameter
of 75mm is mounted. The pressure difference over the orifice is 1.9m
water. Take the dynamic viscosity of water as 10-3Pa.s. (Hint: assume or
guess at first a high Reynolds number, determine the flow rate, determine
with the an improved Reynolds number, then determine a more correct
flow rate)
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