Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur

Department of Chemical Engineering

IVth Sem. B. Tech: April-2021
Online End Semester Examination
Heat Transfer (CML222)
Time: 1.5 Hr. Max Marks: 35
Date: 26-04-2021

Note: Draw neat and label diagram wherever necessary, Assume suitable data if necessary

Q.1 Find the steady state heat flux through the composite slab as shown in the fig. and the interface
temperature. The thermal conductivities of the two materials vary with temperature as given below:
kA = 0.05(1+ 0.008T) W/mC; kB = 0.04(1+ 0.0075T) W/mC, where temperatures are in oC. [5]

Q.2 A furnace wall is made up of three layers of thickness 275 mm, 125 mm and 175 mm with
thermal conductivities of 1.65, k and 9.2 W/m C respectively. The inside is exposed to gases at
1300C with a convection coefficient of 30 W/m2°C and the inside surface is at 1150C, the outside
surface is exposed to air at 25C with convection coefficient of 15 W/m2°C. Determine (a) The
unknown thermal conductivity ‘k’; (b) The overall heat transfer coefficient; (c) All surface
temperatures. [6]

Q.3 A plane wall is a composite of three materials a, b and c. The wall of materials generates heat at
a rate of 3 X 106 W/m3.The other details are: La = 8 cm; Lb= 4 cm; Lc = 2 cm; ka = 180 W/m°C; kb
= 160 W/m°C; kc = 60 W/m°C. The inner surface of material ‘a’ is well insulated and outer
surface of material ‘c’ is cooled by water steam with Tw = 60°C, and h = 1500 W/m2°C. The wall
materials of ‘b’ and ‘c’ have no heat generation. Determine the temperature of insulated surface and
temperature of cooled surface. [6]

Q.4 Carbon steel balls ( = 7833 kg/m3, k = 54 W/m C, Cp = 0.465 kJ/kg.C, and  = 1.47410-6
m2/s) 8 mm in diameter are annealed by heating them first to 900C in a furnace and then allowing
them to cool slowly to 100C in ambient air at 35C. If the average heat transfer coefficient is 75
W/m2°C, determine how long the annealing process will take. If 3000 balls are to be annealed per
hour, determine the total rate of heat transfer from the balls to the ambient air. [6]
Q.5 A 1.5 m diameter, 4 m long cylinder propane tank is initially filled with liquid propane, whose
density is 581 kg/m3. The tank is exposed to the ambient air at 25C in calm weather. The outer
surface of the tank is polished so that the radiation heat transfer is negligible. Now a crack develops
at the top of the tank, and the pressure inside drops to 1 atm while the temperature drops to -42C,
which is the boiling temperature of propane at 1 atm. The heat of vaporization of propane at 1 atm
is 425 kJ/kg. The propane is slowly vaporized as a result of the heat transfer from the ambient air in
to the tank, and the propane vapor escape the tank at -42C through the crack. Assuming the
propane tank to be at about the same temperature as the propane inside at all times, determine how
long it will take for the tank to empty if it is not insulated. k = 0.02299 W/m C; ν = 1.265 x 10-5
m2/s; Pr = 0.7383; β = 0.003781 K-1. [6]

Q.6 In a gas-fired boiler, Water is boiled at 150C by hot gases flowing through 25 m long, 5 cm
outer diameter mechanically polished stainless steel pipe submerged in water. If the outer surface
temperature of the pipes is 160C, determine (a) the rate of heat transfer from the hot gases to
water, (b) the rate of evaporation, (c) the ratio of the critical heat flux to present heat flux, and (d)
the surface temperature of the pipe at critical heat flux occurs. Properties: l = 916.6 kg/m3; Cp,l =
4311 J/kg C; µl = 0.183 x 10-3 kg m/s; Prl = 1.16; hfg = 2114 kJ/kg, σ = 0.0488 N/m ; ν = 2.55
kg/m3, Cs,f = 0.0130 ; n = 1.0 and Ccr = 0.12. [6]