Isocarboxazid (Marplan , Marplon , Enerzer ) is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class used as an antidepressant .[ 1] phenelzine and tranylcypromine , it is one of only three classical MAOIs still available for clinical use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders in the United States ,[ 2] [ 3] [ 2] [ 3]
Isocarboxazid is primarily used to treat mood and anxiety disorders . It has also been investigated in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other dementia -related disorders. Although efficacious, isocarboxazid produces many side effects , which may include headaches , jaundice , chest pain , weight gain , orthostatic hypotension , fainting , dizziness , and tremors . Isocarboxazid, as well as other MAOIs, increase the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin , dopamine , and norepinephrine in the brain.[ 4]
Classical MAOIs, including isocarboxazid, are used only very rarely in the present day due to prominent food and drug interactions and have been largely superseded by newer, safer, and more tolerable antidepressants such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The cause of the interactions is because MAOIs inhibit the metabolism of dietary amines (e.g., tyramine ) and the monoamine neurotransmitters. In combination with other drugs that increase the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters such as the SSRIs, or with certain foods high in dietary amines such as aged cheeses , MAOIs can produce dangerous elevations of monoamine neurotransmitters resulting in potentially life-threatening syndromes such as hypertensive crisis and serotonin syndrome .
See also [ edit ] References [ edit ]
Non-selective
MAOA -selective
MAOB -Selective
α1
Antagonists Abanoquil Adimolol Ajmalicine Alfuzosin Amosulalol Arotinolol Atiprosin Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine , olanzapine , quetiapine , risperidone )Benoxathian Buflomedil Bunazosin Carvedilol Corynanthine Dapiprazole Domesticine Doxazosin Ergolines (e.g., ergotamine , dihydroergotamine , lisuride , terguride )Etoperidone Eugenodilol Fenspiride Hydroxyzine Indoramin Ketanserin L-765,314 Labetalol mCPP Mepiprazole Metazosin Monatepil Moxisylyte Naftopidil Nantenine Nefazodone Neldazosin Niaprazine Nicergoline Niguldipine Pardoprunox Pelanserin Phendioxan Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Piperoxan Prazosin Quinazosin Ritanserin Silodosin Spiperone Talipexole Tamsulosin Terazosin Tiodazosin Tolazoline Trazodone Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin )Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , clomipramine , doxepin , imipramine , trimipramine )Trimazosin Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , fluphenazine , loxapine , thioridazine )Urapidil WB-4101 Zolertine
α2
Antagonists 1-PP Adimolol Aptazapine Atipamezole Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine , clozapine , lurasidone , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , zotepine )Azapirones (e.g., buspirone , tandospirone )BRL-44408 Buflomedil Cirazoline Efaroxan Esmirtazapine Fenmetozole Fluparoxan Idazoxan mCPP Mianserin Mirtazapine NAN-190 Olanzapine Pardoprunox Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Piperoxan Piribedil Rauwolscine Rotigotine SB-269970 Setiptiline Spiroxatrine Sunepitron Tolazoline Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , fluphenazine , loxapine , thioridazine )Yohimbine
β
NET
Others Antihistamines (e.g., brompheniramine , chlorphenamine , pheniramine , tripelennamine )Arylcyclohexylamines (e.g., ketamine , phencyclidine )CP-39,332 EXP-561 Fezolamine Ginkgo biloba Indeloxazine Loxapine Nefazodone Nefopam Opioids (e.g., methadone , pethidine (meperidine) , tapentadol , tramadol , levorphanol )Pridefine Tedatioxetine Teniloxazine Tofenacin Tropanes (e.g., cocaine )Ziprasidone
VMATs
